上游

To measure the differential pressure when the fluid is flowing, connections are made from the upstream and downstream pressure tappings, to a secondary device known as a DP cell.

为了衡量压差时，流体流动，连接了从上游和下游的压力tappings ，次要装置称为压细胞。

Main advances of research on vortices in pump sumps;2. Based on flow field analysis,it shows that owing to the wakes behind the upstream suction pipe,the downstream flow becomes more turbulent and appears with obvious free-surface vortices and submerged vortices in complicated movement.

本文在玻璃水槽内对不同管间距条件下的吸水管周围进行了大量的PIV流场量测实验，通过流场分析显示，上游吸水管的尾流作用加剧了下游吸水口的水流紊动强度，流场多处出现表面旋涡和水内旋涡，其运动形态复杂多变。

NOTE : For Australia and New Zealand, Pipeline strainers should be installed between the upstream shutoff valve and the inlet of the backflow preventer.

注意：适用于澳大利亚和新西兰：管路过滤器应该安装在上游关闭阀和防回流阀进口之间。

NEW YORK - Petro-Canada's fourth-quarter profit rose as it exceeded upstream production targets, the country's fourth-largest oil producer and refiner said on Thursday.

纽约 -加拿大石油公司第四季度的利润增长了，因为它超出了上游的生产指标，该国的第四大石油生产商和炼油商表示，周四。

The predicted amino acids are indicated by one-letter code designations below the nucleotide sequence.

BusuNPV p47基因的起始密码子上游第16位有一杆状病毒早期基因转录起始信号CAGT［12］，在-100位和-120位有两个早期启动子组成元件TATA。

By using NOAA-AVHRR and EOS-MODIS data from May to August,1997-2004,spectrum characteristics of snow and ice are judged and analyzed,statistics of snow-cover area of three basins in the Qilian Mountains are made,and,by analyzing 8-year precipitation and altitude data,the snowline latitude-dependence is found.

利用1997—2004年5~8月的NOAA-AVHRR和EOS-MODIS卫星资料、周遍气象台站气象数据、人工增雨雪等相关资料，对河西内陆河流域上游的祁连山区积雪、冰川的光谱特征进行了判识，并分析了积雪面积和雪线高度变化。

A harmonious production planning problem for multiple Open-Shop product lines with limited buffers was studied r, and an interaction structure for the products of up-down stream was proposed.

研究了一类带有限缓冲区的上游多Open-Shop生产线协调生产计划问题，建立了上下游生产线产品关联结构，并以此为研究对象，得到了成本最低生产计划模型。

The summary results are below:1. GUS expression under the driving of the BjCHI1 promoter (-1060/+17) was essentially undetectable in the young seedlings under normal growth conditions. GUS activity was first detected in the stigma of young flowers, peaked in the young siliques, and decreased when the siliques became older. No GUS expression was found in the mature siliques, seeds or root.2. The BjCHI1 promoter (-1060/+17) was inducible by NaCl, PEG, wounding and MeJA treatments. High levels of GUS expression were detected in the transgenic tobacco and Arabidopsis plants after wounding, NaCl, PEG, and MeJA treatment, indicating that the BjCHI1 promoter responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses.3. RT-PCR analysis confirmed that the expression of the BjCHI1 gene in B. juncea was inducible by PEG and NaCl.4. The transcription start site was determined by 5′-RACE, and was located at the 17th nucleotide upstream of the translation initiation codon of the BjCHI1 gene.5. A -805/+17 promoter fragment was enough to response to wounding and MeJA induction, which was proved in transgenic tobacco and Arabidopsis plants. The 397 bp region between -805 and -409 of the BjCHI1 promoter contains a cis-acting element that is essential for the wounding and MeJA inducibility.6. The -695/-620 region was necessary but not sufficient to confer MeJA-responsive expression. A T/G-box locates in -353 play an important role in the expression of the BjCHI1 gene in response to MeJA treatment. The 76 bp region is coupled with the T/G-box to confer full MeJA-inducible transcription of the BjCHI1 gene.

主要结果如下：1、利用转基因拟南芥植株分析表明，正常生长条件下，BjCHI1启动子(-1060/+17)驱动GUS基因主要在花柱中表达，幼嫩的荚也有表达，并随着果荚的成熟而减弱，成熟的果荚、种子和根没有显示GUS活性。2、BjCHI1启动子(-1060/+17)能驱动GUS基因在转基因烟草和拟南芥中响应伤害的诱导，转基因拟南芥的分析还证明BjCHI1启动子也受MeJA、NaCl和PEG的诱导，证明BjCHI1启动子是一个伤害、MeJA、NaCl和PEG等生物和非生物因素诱导启动子。3、RT-PCR进一步证明芥菜中BjCHI1基因也受NaCl和PEG的诱导表达。4、5′-RACE法鉴定了BjCHI1启动子的转录起始位点，位于翻译起始位点ATG上游第17个碱基A.5、转基因烟草和拟南芥分析证明，-805/+17的启动子片段足以响应伤害和MeJA的诱导，-805和-409之间397 bp的启动子片段含有对伤害和MeJA诱导必要的元件。6、本明烟叶片瞬时表达系统分析证明，一段76 bp的序列(-695/-620)对BjCHI1启动子响应MeJA的诱导是必要的，但不足以响应MeJA的诱导，位于-353的T/G-box也参与MeJA的诱导。76 bp的序列(-695/-620)与T/G-box协同起作用，赋予BjCHI1启动子MeJA诱导性。

They paddle their boat up the river.

他们划着小船往上游去了。

They paddle heir boat up the river .

他们划着小船往上游去了。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。