上游

PPARs can regulate target genes expression by binding to sequence-specific PPAR response dements （peroxisome proliferator responsive element,PPRE） in the promoter regions of target genes.

通过与位于某些基因上游的特异DNA反应元件（peroxisome proliferator responsive element，PPRE）相互作用而调控靶基因的表达。

Careful analysis on NBE can facilitate nowcasting of severe weather events and further understanding of their evolution. After detailed study on three cases concerning with NBE, it is concluded:(1) NBE triggered by fast moving echo in upstream is an important indication of disastrous wind;(2) NBE can develop into severe storm under proper conditions. There are often two stages during this kind of growing: the first is developing of initial echo, the second is snap growing of echo core;(3) Doppler radar reflects outflow of downburst as a nearly ringed NBE. Inside look on downburst can be obtained combining NBE with other data.

文章结合发生在上海的3次强对流天气个例，详细分析了弱窄带回波在分析和预报强对流天气中的作用，得出以下结论：（1）上游移动强回波的出流边界导致的弱窄带回波是大风预警的重要判断参考；（2）在合适的层结状态和抬升条件下，弱窄带回波会强烈发展，并导致局地雷雨大风，这类强对流天气的发展有两个比较重要的阶段：弱窄带回波上初始回波的发展和回波跃增；（3）下击暴流造成的地面出流在雷达回波上表现为近似圆弧的弱窄带回波，这种弱窄带回波与其他雷达观测特征以及地面观测相结合，有助于对产生下击暴流的对流云的发生发展过程进行细致分析。

According to computer models she has developed, ultraviolet radiation heats the upper reaches of the Earth's atmosphere by energising atoms and molecules there.

根据计算机模型，她的发展速度，紫外线辐射复赛上游地球的大气层振兴原子和分子。

There are over 10 companies producing LED epitaxial wafer and tube core packaging in China now.

目前国内有十几家做LED外延芯片和芯片封装的公司，无论是上游的衬底、外延片生产，还是中下游的芯片制造、封装，都与国际大公司有一定的差距。

Results By incubating cardiomyocytes with bFGF, ERKs was activated and the cellular viability 〔(70.0±4.6)%in bFGF 10 ng group vs.(53.0±4.5)%in H/R group, P＜0.01） and the ATP content 〔(23.1±2.3) nmol/106 cells in bFGF 10 ng group vs.(12.3±2.1) nmol/106 cells in H/R group, P＜0.01〕 were increased, also the LDH leakage 〔(257.3±51.0) U/L in bFGF 10 ng group vs.(372.5±69.2) U/L in H/R group, P＜0.05〕, was decreased, then attenuation of H/R injury to cardiomyocytes was observed. PD098059, an inhibitor of upstream kinase of ERKs completely abolished the protective effects 〔viability (57.0±5.8)%,ATP content (15.1±2.6) nmol/106 cells,LDH activity in medium (325.5±59.0)U/L in PD098059 group vs. bFGF 10 ng group, P＜0.01, respectively〕.

结果 bFGF激活ERKs，并呈剂量依赖性减轻H/R所致心肌细胞损伤，表现为细胞存活率〔bFGF 10 ng组(70.0±4.6)%，H/R组(53.0±4.5)%，P＜0.01〕和细胞内ATP含量〔bFGF 10 ng组(23.1±2.3)nmol/106细胞，H/R组(12.3±2.1)nmol/106细胞，P＜0.01〕升高，细胞浆酶LDH漏出〔bFGF 10 ng组（257.3±51.0）U/L，H/R组（372.5±69.2）U/L，P＜0.05〕减少；ERKs上游激酶抑制剂PD098059完全消除上述保护作用〔PD098059组细胞存活率（57.0±5.8）%，ATP含量（15.1±2.6）nmol/106细胞，培养液中LDH活性（325.5±59.0）U/L，与bFGF 10 ng组比较均为P＜0.01〕。

Two known genes lie within the implicated genetic interval. One is FTO (a locus associated with fat mass and obesity), which has been implicated in nucleic acid demethylation and is highly expressed in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus; the other, called fantom, or FTM (KIAA1005 or RPGRIP1L), begins transcription at a location only 200 base pairs upstream from the 5' end of FTO. FTM is a structural component of the ciliary body, present on all cells, that plays a role in a wide range of cellular and organ functions.9 Elements of the cilium are mutant in Bardet Biedl syndrome, which includes obesity among its characteristic phenotypes.10

有两个已知的基因存在于基因间隔中，一个是FTO（与脂肪体积和肥胖相关的基因位点），它在核酸脱甲基中发挥作用并且在下丘脑弓状核中高表达，另一个称作FTM，其在FTO 5'-末端的上游序列仅200个碱基对中开始转录，FTM是睫状体的结构组成部分，在所有细胞中都要表达，并在细胞和器官功能中发挥广泛的作用。

A common feed pump station maintaining the pressure upstream of each unit.

普通给水泵站用来保持各单元上游的压力。

They saw a fire smouldering upon a great raft a hundred yards above

他们看见一百码远的上游处一只大木筏上有堆冒烟的火

They saw a fire smouldering upon a great raft a hundred yards above, and they went stealthily thither and helped themselves to a chunk.

他们看见一百码远的上游处一只大木筏上有堆冒烟的火，就溜过去取了火种来。

The research of bend channel of reach Guide-Lijia Flume from Longyang Flume to Lijia Flume in upstream of the Yellow River is proceeded to present rules of feasibility analysis for navigation between the flumes and the riverbed stability.

摘要对黄河上游龙羊峡至李家峡间的贵德－李家峡河段的蜿蜒河道进行了研究，为蓄水两坝间的通航和河床稳定性问题提供可行性分析依据。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷