上游

Transcriptional factors play an equivalent role in plant during drought adaptation and cold acclimation. In order to study the expression pattern of CB F4 gene promoter and explore its potential application in plant genetic engineer ing, CBF4 promoter fragment was amplified by PCR method from Arabidopsis thalian a genome DNA.

根据已有文献及公开的拟南芥基因组序列，利用PCR方法从拟南芥基因组DNA中扩增得到了转录因子CBF4上游的DNA片断，对其进行序列分析表明与GenBank序列高度同源，同时对其进行初步的功能分析。

Methods Vascular specimens from 41 patients with thromboangiitis obliterans and 14 normal controls were analyzed by PCR. The nucleic acid sequence of enhancer located in the upstream of immediate early gene of cytomegalovirus was used as target region for detection of cytomegalovirus DNA.

方法以人巨细胞病毒即刻早期基因上游的增强子为扩增区段，用PCR技术分析了41例血栓闭塞性脉管炎病变血管壁中和14例正常血管壁中人巨细胞病毒的感染情况。

The study content of this paper includes the influence of the reservoir sedimentation developing topograph and the arrangement of TGP's lock upstream approach entrance region upon the intensities and distribution ranges of oblique flow as well as the relations of the ship sailing and oblique flows.

阐述了三峡工程船闸上游引航道长堤口门区的斜流特性研究成果，其中包括水库泥沙冲淤发展地形和口门位置等边界条件对斜流强度、分布范围等的影响，以及船舶进出口门的航行与斜流的关系。

Torenia fournieri genomic DNA was digested with DraI、EcoRV、PvuII、SmaI respectively. A special adaptor was ligated to the ends of the digested DNA fragments as a template for adaptor PCR. With the adaptor and TfPLC1 gene-specific primers, bands of 798bp and 813bp upstream of TfPLC1 were obtained successively.

应用衔接头PCR技术，以蓝猪耳全基因组DNA分别经DraI、EcoRV、PvuII、SmaI消化后与衔接头连接产物为模板，用衔接头引物和TfPLC1基因的特异引物经过多轮的巢式PCR，先后克隆到两个大小为798bp、813bp的TfPLC1基因上游序列；经测序、blastn比较分析和拼接得到一个蓝猪耳TfPLC1基因的启动子序列，共1432bp。

We then add boundaries delineated forward/backward facing reflected shock, Mechanical equilibrium, M2=1 and reflected shock strong/weak separating conditions on the (M0,q1) map of shih(2004). This is followed by systematically investigating multiply possible three shock theoretical solutions of steady Mach reflections in perfect triatomic gases. Pressure-deflection shock polar solutions are used to help illustrate different solution behaviors of these theoretical three-shock solutions. M0 is flow Mach no. upstream of incident shock, M1 is flow Mach no. downstream of incident shock, M2 is flow Mach no. downstream of reflected shock,q1 is flow deflection downstream of incident shock.

随后本文由石(2004)论文中加入前后分界、机械平衡、M2=1及强弱分界条件，然后有系统地探讨三原子分子理想气体(r=1.2857 )稳态马赫反射参震波理论多重解之交点及其对应之压力-转折角震波极图解，并建构出此三原子分子理想气体稳态马赫反射流场三震波十阶多项式理论解於(Mo，q1)平面上之解域图，其中M0为入射震波上游流场马赫数，M1为入射震波下游流场马赫数，M2为入射震波下游流场马赫数，q1为入射震波下游流场转折角。

One positive clone was obtained from the libraries with the tributyrin flat and ELISA sieve method. Analyzed the sequencing result, the positive clone include the Open Read Frame of low-temperature alkaline lipase gene.

序列测定分析表明，此重组质粒包含有长度为此95lbp的低温脂肪酶基因的完整的开放读码框架和上游调控序列。

However, in the four decades since thebuilding of the Glen Canyon dam, just upstream of the Grand Canyon, the onlysediment that it has collected has come from tiny, undammed tributaries.

然而，自从四十年前建起格兰峡谷大坝，仅大峡谷上游唯有能从微小的、无坝的支流中收集到沉积物。

Beijing Municipal Institute of Hydraulic Engineering Planning Design and Research,Beijing 100044,ChinaAbstract:Daning Surge Tank,the surge structure of the Channel of the South-to-North Water TransferProject,connects the PCCP pressure pipe on upper course,and the water delivery underdrain on lower course with the function of adjusting the pressure and the flow rate of water delivery and the function of recession,which is important to the security of the project and the water delivery.

大宁调压池是南水北调中线工程北京段总干渠上的调压建筑物，上游连接PCCP压力管道，下游连接钢筋混凝土低压输水暗涵，具有调节供水压力、供水流量和退水功能，对保证工程安全和供水安全具有重要作用。

As for the excavation of the sand-gravel zones,except the toe slab and its 1/9 bottom width down stream,the alluvial layers are excavated to the micro-weathered rocks,while the other sections remain unexcavated.

闸门利用水力和杠杆原理实现自控关闭；闸坝平时挡水发电，洪水期自动翻倒泄洪冲砂，有效地解决洪水对上游库区实物的淹没损失及水库泥沙淤积问题；闸坝采用地下混凝土连续墙进行地基防渗处理及面流消能，消能效果显著，工程投资少。

Secondly, the paper analyses the predominance of E-Commerce applications in car manufacturers, and dissertates the strategy of car manufacturers how to develop E-Commerce: founding BtoC websites; Unking LAN; forming a BtoB website with their partners.

其次，通过分析汽车制造企业应用电子商务的优势，论述了汽车制造企业应用电子商务的&三步走&策略：一是建立企业B2C型电子商务网站；二是组建企业局域网；三是与上游供应商和下游经销商联网，组建B2B电子商务网站。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷