上游

This study finds out the varying of shopping methods influences on the adjustment of whole framework of fish retailers, and it will cause the reintegration of the whole supply chain of fish product.

第一部分介绍了英国鱼产品零售市场的历史变迁及其原因；第二部分分析了鱼产品零售的变化对整个产品链上游供应商的影响。

Its special natural and ecological environment has made it necessary to reorient its ecological functions .

特殊的自然生态环境，赋予长江上游地区生态环境功能的重新定位。

Miyun reservior is the most primary water supply source in Beijing, water and soil loss in the upper reaches has important influence on ecological safety in capital area.

密云水库是北京市最主要的供水水源，上游地区的水土流失对于首都地区的生态安全具有重要影响。

A computer chip dealer complained his retail sales volume slumped to less than half of last year, saying the reason behind the weak market was declining consumer power and fierce price competition from manufacturers.

一名芯片经销商抱怨，其产品零售量不及去年一半，该经销商分析认为，消费者购买力的下降和始于IT产业链上游的惨烈价格竞争共同导致了销售市场的疲软。

It consists of three parts: the riverhead part, the gorge part, and the plain part.

上游――河长3472km，可分为河源段、峡谷段和平原段三部分

Juma river upper region which is located at the North of Taihang mountain area in Hebei province is one of the most important riverhead conservation areas and belongs to the slight erosion protecting area for its natural frangible entironment.

拒马河上游地区位于河北太行山区北部，是河北省重要的水源涵养地之一，生态环境有着天然的脆弱性，属于轻度侵蚀防护区。

Several representative regions including humid subalpine area, arid valley and the adjacent recovery area and the plateau region of Minjiang riverhead were selected to study the soil nutrient and biodiversity change. Based on field vegetation investigation, soil sampling and analyses, Ecological effects of land use/cover in these regions were discussed. Also in corporation with the social and economic data, the recovery methods of different degraded region were put forward.

研究选取亚高山湿润区域，半干旱河谷区及其恢复区，岷江源头高原面区域作为重点，通过大量的野外植被调查，土壤采样分析，多元统计方法等研究典型区土地利用／覆被变化的生态效应；并根据社会经济资料和调查数据和土地覆被-土壤相互作用规律，提出了岷江上游生态恢复对策。

When Sinlaku hit Taiwan during September 12-15, 2008, the extremely torrential rain made Hou-Fong Bridge, located in downstream of Shi-Gang Dam, broken at around 6:50 p.m. on September 14, 2008. In this study, the case was applied to investigate the factors which resulted in the typhoon flood scour disaster and the disaster prevention mechanism, including the general scour of upstream and downstream river banks, the riverhead erosion and constriction scour, the free fall of broad-crested weir effect caused by water-pipe protection engineering, the disaster prevention and response of the bridge care and management unit, and the examination, timing and procedure of bridge block.

中文摘要本研究系以97年9月12日至15日强烈台风辛乐克侵袭台湾期间，所降下的超大豪雨造成位在大甲溪石冈坝下游后丰大桥於9月14日下午6点50分左右发生断桥事件为例，探讨台洪冲刷灾害成因与防灾应变机制，包含上下游河道之一般冲刷、河道向源侵蚀与束缩冲刷及位於桥梁上游约20公尺处之自来水干管保护工所产生宽顶堰跌水效应等影响，并检讨桥梁养护管理单位於断桥发生前防灾应变处置方式及台洪期间之巡查检测、封桥时机与封桥作业流程等等相关因应作为。

As far as the spectator participation, the first time the Miss Rockaway Armada pulled up on the banks of a town along the upper Mississippi and people started spontaneously bringing us clean socks and tomatoes from their gardens; I felt that we were doing something right.

至于观众的参与，第一次拉小姐洛克威舰队在沿密西西比河上游和人民银行的小镇开始了自发把我们从他们的花园干净的袜子和西红柿，我觉得我们做得对。

In the picture we see a boat sailing up the river.

在图中我们看到有一艘小船正向上游航行。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷