上游

As to the effect on social welfare of vertical merger, like the ones of horizontal merger.

下游企业的纵向兼并提高了上游企业利润，但往往会降低其他未参与兼并的下游企业的利润。

The influences of horizontal merger on upper suppliers and the profit of the whole supply chain were investigated,and the effects of the power structure within a supply chain during horizontal merger were analyzed.

研究了在Cournot市场竞争条件下，生产企业的横向并购对于上游供应商和整条供应链利润的影响，以及供应链权力配置在并购中的效应。

Basis bank takes the quality of a material of natural structure and gradient, differentiate belt of bank of area of upper reaches of river of elegant rice huller for 30 sort model.

依据河岸带自然结构的质地和坡度，把雅砻江上游地区河岸带划分为30种类型。

On the upper reaches of the river stand a few hydro-electric power stations of different dimensions.

河的上游屹立着几座不同规模的水力发电站。

As raw materials for hydrogen fluoride, F125 can increase added value of upstream products, is conducive to the development of regional economy cycle, so it is a good project planning

F125以氟化氢等为原料，可增加上游氟产品的附加值，有利于发展区域内循环经济，是一个较好的规划项目。

The study probe into at when extreme rainfall happenning incident research purpose department on city, estimate its flow of flood crest to defend and provide disaster relief the reference carried on the exercise of in follow-up ; While estimating the the depth of extreme rainfall , use separately: World Meteological Organization statistic method, storm transposition and dew point adjustment method and average recurrence interval rainfall depth factor method, inquire into and act as river valley wutu the upper reaches of Keelung and collect in the water area separately, wutu station with flood-diversion stands in the Huo-Shao-Liao station before Yuan-Shan-Tzu flood-diversion, the depth when the extreme rainfall happens separately, step forward and mix the set of design hyetograph by extreme rainfall ,finally,mix geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph afterwards, in order to estimate the flow of flood crest produced cause by extreme rainfall incident .

本文之研究目的系探讨当极端暴雨事件发生於都会区时，推估其洪峰流量以作为后续防救灾演练之参考。在推估极端暴雨之降雨深度时，分别采用：世界气象组织统计法、暴雨移置与露点调整法及平均重现期距雨量因子法，分别推求当基隆河流域五堵上游集水区，员山子分洪前之火烧寮站与分洪后之五堵站，分别发生极端暴雨时之雨量，进一步将极端暴雨量套配设计雨型，最后再搭配地貌型瞬时单位历线模式，以推估因发生极端暴雨事件而产生之洪峰流量。

Will come to rui Fang town water nan hole gold waterfall ,this seat at road side recite lean on have not ear teapot mountain cascade waterfall, because includes abundant pyrite with sulphur arsenic copper mine, lets earths surface submit golden, too is form yin and yang seas chief water source, ases gallop waterfall current let out but under shi jiu Like a piles up with gold mines waterfall, dazzling affecting, a screen limpid water curtain of straight rush gold yellow earths surface let people for a time rise play water idea, justs because heres water quality include huge amount of heavy metal material, for oneself safety, or prudent, gold waterfall locates in square self-improvement bridge side and long benevolence digging under this mountain six pithead, because in the early time at headstream picks up copper mine, mountain spring water with rainwater infiltration, slag sand deposits stream bed, and has fungus adhere multiply, hypsography differences compares big so form gold yellow waterfall spectacular sight, gold waterfall is gold melon stone local very characteristic a scenic spot, usually too very easy meets come this place screen nuptial dress new one.

来到瑞芳镇水湳洞的「黄金瀑布」，这座位在公路旁背倚无耳茶壶山的层叠瀑布，因含有丰富的黄铁矿与硫砷铜矿，让地表呈金黄色，也是形成阴阳海的主要水源，当奔腾的瀑水流泄而下时就像是一座堆满金矿的瀑布般，耀眼动人，一幕清澈的水帘直冲金黄色的地表让人一时兴起玩水念头，不过由於这里的水质含有大量重金属物质，为了自身安全，还是三思而后行，黄金瀑布位於本山六坑口下方的自强桥畔及长仁矿区，因为早期在上游采铜矿，山泉水与雨水渗入，矿砂沉积溪床，又有菌类附着滋生、地势落差较大所以形成金黄色的瀑布奇观，黄金瀑布是金瓜石当地很有特色的一个景点，平时也很容易遇到来此地拍摄婚纱的新人。

If an individual is crossing alone in swift current, he can keep his balance best by using an ice ax or a sturdy tree branch as a third point of support for contact to the stream bottom upstream from his feet.

如果一个人要通过水流很急的溪谷时，使用冰斧或强固的树枝当作第三个支撑点，称在上游方向，这样能提供最佳的身体平衡。

Based on investigations and observations,ice jam dams of Heilongjiang River s upper reach over the years are disscused,forming causes of which are analyzed,and the way of medium and long term ice jam flood forecast is introduced.

根据冰坝调查成果和观测资料，论述了黑龙江上游历年冰坝发生情况，分析了冰坝形成的原因，介绍了黑龙江冰坝洪水中长期预报方法，可供生产实际参考应用。

Basing on the ice jam flood of Heilongjiang River and disaster in history records,the ice jam flood situ- ation,hydrological and river way characteristic are proposed in this paper,the cause of ice jam flood and develop- ment of forecasting are analyzed,the ice jam flood disaster and protect methods are introduced.

根据历年冰坝凌汛及灾害调查资料和观测成果，综述了黑龙江上游历年冰坝凌汛发生情况，冰坝河段水文气象特征和河道特性，分析了冰坝成因研究和预报方法的进展，并阐述了冰坝凌汛灾害和防治措施。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷