上核

It is found that the size of vortex dark core in the focal region and the spectral degree of coherence in the focal plane depend on the topological charges n , interceptive parameters δ, relative coherence lengths σg and the parameters α.

数值计算结果表明，涡旋暗核的大小和焦平面上的光谱相干度都取决于入射光的拓扑电荷n、截断参量δ、相对相干长度σg和参量α。

It encodes a putative zinc finger transcription factor, and is a transcriptional corepressor for thyroid hormone receptors. Hairless gene plays a critical role in maintaining the delicate balance between cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in the hair follicle as well as in the interfollicular epidermis, and is concerned with the control of hair growth cycling.

无毛基因是与皮肤和被毛结构有重要关联的核受体基因，编码一个锌指结构转录因子，是甲状腺激素受体的转录辅阻遏物，并参与毛发生长周期的调控，在维持毛囊及毛囊间上皮的增殖、分化、调亡的精致平衡中扮演重要角色。

Secondary growth of silicalite-1-seeded industrial CuO-ZnO-Al2O3 in alkaline solution with silica and alumina source produced intergrown ZSM-5 zeolite shells. After the shells were changed into HZSM-5, we compared the catalytical performance of the core/shell composite catalyst with a non-core/shell structured composite catalyst with the same component.

铜锌铝催化剂（CuO-ZnO-Al2O3）是工业上制备二甲醚的良好催化剂，我们将其表面预先包覆纳米沸石silicalite-1晶种，水热环境下二次生长后吸收硅源、铝源后形成ZSM-5膜，转换成氢型后形成CuO-ZnO-Al2O3/HZSM-5的核/壳结构复合催化剂。

Three series of compounds containing isophthalic acid as a bent core and cycloalkylmethanols as a terminal group were synthesized and characterized. Their chemical structures are shown as following.

本论文使用文献上少见的1， 3-苯二酸作为弯曲核，并以短小且刚硬的环烷基作为末端基，共合成了两个七环系列和一个五环系列的液晶化合物。

Diabetic gastroparesis is a diagnosis by exclusion and a delayed gastric emptying time on scintiscan. Patients with mild to moderate symptoms are often successfully treated with glycemic control, diet adjustment, and prokinetic agents. For severe disease, gastric electrical stimulation, gastrostomy for decompression and jejunostomy for feeding are other choices.

糖尿病胃轻瘫的诊断要排除机械性阻塞及其它原因，加上在核医影像上显示胃排空时间延长，依病情严重度，对於轻中度患者控制血糖、饮食调整、胃肠蠕动促进剂就有效果，严重患者考虑胃电刺激方式、甚至手术胃造口及肠造口以进行管灌饮食。

According to the extraction of cells figures, based on the edge detection the paper extracts 9 measurement parameters such as centroid, area, area rate of karyon and cytoplasm, optic density, cells and karyon shape factor according to the morphological knowledge and the medical knowledge of pathology expert.

在细胞特征提取方面，在边缘检测的基础上依据形态学知识和病理学专家的医学知识提取了诸如周长、面积、核质比、光密度、细胞及细胞核形状因子等9个度量参数。

Typical characteristics of apoptotic cells as membrane blebbing, chromatin pyknosis, karyorrhexis, and apoptotic body were seen under electromicroscope. Apoptosisspecific DNA ladder bands from SGC-7901 cells were visualized with electrophoresis. Hypodiploid apoptotic peak was observed before G1 phase by flow cytometry analysis.

凋亡细胞形态学上表现为细胞膜起泡、染色质固缩、核碎裂、凋亡小体形成；DNA电泳呈现凋亡特征性阶梯状条带；流式细胞仪分析显示G1期前出现亚二倍体凋亡峰。

Function analysis for system validation and the analysis of kinematical characteristics of the system can be performed with the method pressented.

应用本文方法可进行该系统的功能校核和运动学特性等分析，在此基础上，可对系统的缓冲阻尼特性进行动力学分析。

The dissertation mainly consists of two parts:1. The Reaction Chemistry of Alkynes under Palladium Catalysis Part 1 studies the reaction α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with alkenylpalladium intermediate generated by nucleopalladation, and discovered 1 the Pd-catalyzed tandem addition reaction of halides, alkynes and α,β-unsaturated carbonyls,2 the four-component tandem addition reaction of halides, alkynes and α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, 3 the tandem intramolecular oxypalladation-conjugate additionreaction of alkynoic acids with α,β-enals. These new reactions provide notonly efficient highly stereoselective methods for the synthesis of γ,δ-unsaturated,polyunsaturated carbonyl compounds and γ-lactonic aldehydes, but also thebasic transformations for a number of C-C bond formation reactions which can be usedto design synthesis of many acyclic, cyclic or polycyclic compounds.

本论文的主要工作分为两个部分：一、钯催化下炔烃的反应化学在本小组前人工作的基础上，我们详细研究了炔烃亲核钯化产生的烯基钯中间体与α，β-不饱和羰基化合物的反应，发现两价钯催化下卤离子-炔烃-α，β-不饱和醛酮的串联加成反应、卤离子-炔烃-α，β-不饱和醛酮的西组分串联加成及炔酸分子内氧钯化-串联Michael型加成反应；由此发展了γ，δ-不饱和醛酮、多不饱和羰基化合物和带有醛酮基侧链的γ-丁内酯衍生物的高立体选择性合成方法，这一过量卤离子存在下的烯基钯对α，β-不饱和羰基化合物共轭加成反应的发现，为大量碳-碳键形成反应的实现提供了基础，使我们能够从这一基本反应出发，设计和开发多种分子内、分子间的碳碳成键反应，以好的立体、区域选择性组建开链、环状及多环类型的化合物。

Graidia lamblia Stile is a kind of organism that have a special significance in evolution.It was thought to be a living fossil that is a evidence of the endosymbiotic theory--a theory about the origination of eucaryotes.

中文摘要：蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫是一种在进化上具有特殊意义的生物，它被认为是证明真核生物的内共生起源学说的活化石。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。