上微分

Simulation results show the performance of closed loop system is improved using the output of the observer as feedback.

显然 ，这种方法本质上是用位置测量值的后向微分来估计系统的速

Based on the static balance among the pile and soil, the basic differential equations of the displacements of the pile and soil were deduced. Considering the compatibility condition of stress and strain , based on the vertical deformation of pile and pile-surrounding soil, the analytical formulas calculating the pile friction were drew.

本文通过建立复合地基中桩体和桩周土的基本微分方程，考虑应力协调条件，假设桩周土的位移模式，在此基础上推导出桩侧摩阻力和桩身轴力的解析式，并进一步研究相关影响因素。

In compensating error method, error Jabobin matrix has been calculated by all-differential coefficient constricting and simplified.

在误差补偿算法上，通过微分构造的方式计算出误差雅克比矩阵，简化了误差雅克比矩阵的计算量。

On the one hand, Lagrange hit upon the new idea to redefine the complete integral when he was inspired by his study on the first-order partial differential equation with the method of variation of constants.

在分析、比较欧拉和拉格朗日完全积分定义的基础上，依据原始文献，重点考究了拉格朗日重新定义偏微分方程完全积分的原因和动机。

Firstly, an overview is given on the wave equation issue, its solution, along with the historical and present studies of computability theory.

随着计算机科学的快速发展，应用计算机来给出非线性偏微分方程的解析近似解在理论上已成为可能。

The design mainly works on many factors which effecting the volume efficiency of fracturing pump. These factors are working conditions of the pump,imbibitional valve,expulsive valve,clearance volume,sealing property, condensability of influent, liquid leakage and elastic defletion of pump cylinder. Based on these facors, we should induce the efficiency expression, famulate differential eguation and emulational mathematical model of fracturing pump.

本设计主要针对影响压裂泵容积效率的因素如：泵的工作情况、吸液阀结构参数、余隙容积、密封性能、液体的可压缩性、液体泄漏、泵缸的弹性形变等方面进行分析，在此基础上导出效率的表达式，建立微分方程，并建立压裂泵效率仿真的数学模型。

Then the FPK equation governing the joint probability density of amplitude and phase, the backward Kolmogorov equation governing the conditional reliability function, and the Pontryagin equation governing the mean first passage time are established, respectively.

随机微分方程。在此基础上，建立联合概率密度满足的Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov方程、条件可靠性函数满足的后向Kolmogorov方程以及平均首次穿越时间满足的Pontryagin方程，分别求解这些方程得到联合概率密度、条件可靠性函数以及平均首次穿越时间。

On the basis of similarity principle study of the ASP ternary complex flooding, we adopt the method of simplicity, take the foam into differential equation, construct the similarity criterion and the similarity principle of differential conditions, the similarity criterion and the similarity principle are checked and analyzed by numerical simulation and physical simulation method.

在三元复合驱相似原理研究的基础上，采用简化的方法，将泡沫相引入微分方程，建立了泡沫复合驱物理模拟全相似准数及不同条件下的相似准则，并利用数值模拟方法、物理模拟方法对准则进行了检验和敏感性分析。

The character is often broken, conglutination, distorted and redundant, so it is necessary to correct and repair the character in order to removing the unnecessary information and retrieving the essential information which embody the author's intention.

偏微分方程的图像恢复、图像平滑和图像分割等功能，能十分有效的应用于手写体字符的预处理，使处理过的图像在很大程度上反应书写者的书写意图。

The main objective of the course in conjugate element theory should be to develop in the engineering student the ability to Vector, differential geometry, gear theory.

在啮合元件理论课程的主要目的使工程的学生对向量微分几合及齿轮理论有所认识并用於实务设计上。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。