上切面

The cross-sections of plant tissues were rapidly transferred to aluminum foil-coated microscopic sides for reflectance mode analysis in FT-IR microspectroscopy with imaging, mapping, ChemiMap, and line scanning techniques.

接著植物组织之横切面薄片被迅速转移至铝箔包覆显微载玻片上，作为傅立叶转换红外线显微光谱仪在全反射模式下，运用光学影像、面扫描、化学官能基面像化及线扫描等技术分析使用。

This paper therefore examines the development of "the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city" through literature review depth-interview oral history and participant observation The concept frame is culture organism as the vertical axle and elements of a folklore activity as the transverse axle There are several significant findings about the general picture of this subject: During the late period of Japanese colonial era Tainan local people who played Peguan music learned Peking opera aria and tried to bring Peking opera aria into the folklore Pai-Chang which was one kind performance and traditional custom of Peguan music Some people who came from other places and played Peking opera aria had also known or learned "Pai-Chang" with touching Tainan local amateurs "Pai-Chang" used to be performed by amateurs for worship of god or goddess or for seasoning and wedding celebration without rewards Amateurs volunteered to perform "Pai-Chang" only for their duty temples and fraternity of Peking opera aria The majority of the audience is people who perform or like "Pai-Chang" or who live nearby There is a fixed pattern of the performance including the repertoire and the arrangement of the band The main meaning of this performace is to pray God's blessings therefore the procedure of "Ban-Hsian" is the most essential and ahead of Peking opera aria singing With time goes by the number of the amateurs has dropped; yet the demand for the worship ceremony remains; hence some of the amateurs have been trained to become professional performers Besides although the idea and the meaning of "Pai-Chang" remains the pattern of the performance has become simplified and rigid which is because of the performers' number decreasing and market adapting Nowadays the whole ecosystem of the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city keep changing which is mainly influenced by the transition of the society(such as the time and space of the industrial and commercial society being compressed and most people's pursuing of specialization and utilitarianism etc ) According to the findings in this paper the phenomenon can be regarded as the subject matter both of Peking opera and folklore studies For the studies of the Taiwanese culture however the subject not only enriches the subject matters of the Taiwanese culture(signifies the localization of Peking opera and a new pattern of Taiwanese folklore) but also reflects the characters of diversification integration adaptation and compromise of Taiwanese culture which used to be influenced by different regimes and the historical contexts Facing such a multicultural context this paper thus suggests researchers should show an open-minded attitude toward the complex of the Taiwanese culture studies and then important phenomenon would not be ignored or misunderstood

代表了什麼意义？对於上述疑惑，查既有研究成果，不消没有论述者，具体提即「京调排场」现象的可说没有，基於此，有必要对台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场，不管是语汇来由或者其现象本身，做一番研究。本研究透过文献、访谈、口述史、参与观察等方法，以文化有机体之纵的发展概念为经，以民俗表演之横切面各主客要素为纬，试图先对此文化现象调查并推论出一概貌：台南市民俗性京调排场的形成，是在京调传入台南，台南本地北管子弟改习或兼习京调后，结合北管音乐文化所固有的排场表演型态及民俗演出传统，融合而成，形成时间至迟在日治晚期。而一些不同时期的外来京调人士(如原本生长於其他地区、后移住台湾的票友，和中国大陆琴师等等)，也曾透过与当地子弟的接触，而习得或知晓「排场」语汇以及本地京调排场习俗者。此项音乐民俗表演在过往多由业余子弟於神诞或民众婚俗做寿时，对其有义务或交陪的庙宇及子弟间做酬酢性的演出，不收报酬；聆赏者多是京调同好与邻近民众，也有少数路过者；演出模式包括节目安排、乐队编制皆有一定；表演意涵上以「扮仙」祈求神明赐福人间最为重要，因此排仙必不可少，且一定先於京调演唱。随著时间推移，京调排场表演活动的各要素都有变动，惟变迁速度不一，大体而言，业余表演者锐减，人们对酬神娱神节目的需求仍在，因此一些过往的业余表演者遂逐渐转型为职业表演者。此外，虽然表演意涵不变，但在职业表演人员少、又要适应市场的情况下，表演模式亦逐渐流於简化、僵化。目前京调排场整体生态仍在转变的过程中，而这种变化应与工商社会时间空间的被压缩、事事追求专业化与尼Q化等因素有关。再者，据此概貌，在结论部分厘清其意义、定位以及其对台湾文化研究之启示。台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场现象，可视为京剧研究与民俗研究的一环，然而对於台湾文化研究，除了其题材本身标志了京剧的本土化与台湾民俗活动之新类型，进一步扩充整体台湾文化研究的内容外，更重要的是现象背后所反映的台湾文化的多元融合与妥协适应取向。台湾的海岛地理位置与长期被不同文化背景政权所殖民的历史，其文化自然容易随社会环境改变而弹性适应变迁，呈现多元纷呈、多重覆叠的特色，因此展望未来，从事台湾文化研究应秉除单一观点，保持一定程度之开放与客观胸襟，方不忽视或误识更多重要的文化现象。

The method utilizes petrographical information obtained from two-dimensional thin sections to stochastically reconstruct the 3D model of a stone sample by the theories and techniques of image processing and mathematic morphology.This paper compares quantitatively the reconstructed microstructures...

这种方法利用从二维薄片取得的岩相学图象信息，用图象处理理论技术和数学形态学的方法生成了岩石的三维模型，对重建的三维微观结构和实际砂岩的表面细微结构进行了定量比较，比较显示，这种重建方法得到的三维模型孔隙率与原始图象基本一致，其水平面/纵切面/横切面上的颗粒长径分布与实际岩石有较好的相关性。

Methods Two hundred and one cases with normal tongues were examined with percutaneous suprahyoid real-time high-frequency ultrasound and color Dopple ultrasound. The views and the sizes of the different parts of the tongue were determined.

应用实时高频超声经皮舌骨上区检查法检查201例正常人舌，确定舌的切面图并进行舌的径线测定。

Investigation section:Left ventricular long axis,Large-artery short axis,Four cavity heart［Beside sternum,apex of heart,examine arch of aorta in Suprasternal Fossa prorenata］.

探查切面：左室长轴、大动脉短轴、四腔心(胸骨旁、心尖，必要时胸骨上窝探查主动脉弓)。

The most common tissue element of these teratomas is skin, so large amounts of hair and sebum are produced, leading to a challenging cleanup problem in surgical pathology following dissection of these tumors.

构成此肿瘤最常见的组织是皮肤，在肿瘤的切面可见大量的毛发和皮脂，这些物质的清除在外科病理学上已成为棘手问题。

By dynamic stability analysis and calculation in means of FEM, the three-dimension data processing technique for arbitrary cross sections of solid masses was adopted, then the safety factor of the abutment of arch dam was provided using FEM, and corresponding programs was compiled.

采用有限元法进行动力分析计算，利用三维实体任意切面数据处理技术，提出了应用有限元法计算拱坝坝肩稳定安全系数方法，在此基础上完成了基于有限元法以坝肩动力稳定安全系数为目标的高拱坝优化设计程序。

In the same scanning plane, a cross-section of the ascending aorta is seen.

在同一平面上也可看到升主动脉的横切面。

Diffuse-porous Describing wood in which vessels of approximately equal diameter tend to be evenly distributed so there is no obvious growth ring.

散孔：用于木材识别的一种类型。这类木材导管均匀分布于年轮中，横切面上早材至晚材的管孔大小一致。

The production of magnetic rugby, ball toys, magnetic bead-shaped, drum-shaped bead, rice bead-shaped, hexagonal, square, straight tube-shaped, multi-prism, bread-shaped, rotating-shaped cross-section shape dozens of categories, such as more than a hundred kinds of products.

生产磁性橄榄球、圆球玩具、磁性圆珠形、鼓珠形、米珠形、六角形、四方形、直管形、多棱形、面包形、旋转形、切面形等几十类上百种产品。

Finally, according to market conditions and market products this article paper analyzes the trends in the development of camera technology, and designs a color night vision camera.

最后根据市场情况和市面上产品的情况分析了摄像机技术的发展趋势，并设计了一款彩色夜视摄像机。

Only person height weeds and the fierce looks stone idles were there.

只有半人深的荒草和龇牙咧嘴的神像。