上位的

However, We think that heterosis is caused by the complex effects of dominance, over-dominance and epistasis.

作者认为，杂种优势的产生是显性效应，超显性效应和上位性效应共同作用的结果，不可能只是一种基因效应在起作用。

Furthermore, it was indicated that epistasis was the main genetic dynamics of speciation and adaption and the primary genetic component of heterosis and complex traits.

遗传物质间上位性是物种分化和适应的重要遗传学动力，也是复杂性状和杂种优势形成的重要遗传组分。

Parameter mode was to interpret the inheritance of the characters studied and the epistasis was significant.

数量遗传分析表明，角果长、千粒重的遗传符合加性显性二基因互作模型，存在显著的上位性效应。

These were controlled by multiple allels or by loci with allels that segregate independently whereby epistasis also may have played a role.

这些是受复等位基因或含分离等位基因的位点支配的，上位性也可能靠它而起了作用。

These results are in agreement with previous results for heading date in rice,and the results provide further information.which indicate that both epistasis and QE interaction are important genetic basis for determining heading date in rice.

对水稻抽穗期QTL的定位结果与前人研究基本一致，并进一步证实了上位性和QE互作效应是水稻抽穗期的重要遗传基础。

According to the requirement of the supervisory and control circumstance in the test running bed field, this scheme designs reasonable control methods and chooses appropriate hardware equipment.

利用"组态王"提供的通讯功能和编程环境，实现了上位机与多个ADAM模块之间的通讯联系。

According to the space domain iteration method of the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind, the wave number domain iteration formula is deduced for calculating the wave spectrum of the potential field on a lower horizontal plane.

根据第一类Fredholm积分方程的空间域迭代解法，推导出计算向下延拓水平面上位场波谱的波数域迭代公式。

The position of the gynoecium is shown by a line above or below the letter G denoting an inferior or superior ovary respectively.

雌蕊的位置用一条在字母 G 上方或下方的横线来分别表示子房上位或下位。

Gynoecium (2 or)3-5(-15)-carpellate, gynophore present or rarely absent; ovary superior, entire or deeply lobed, generally long styled; placentation basal, axile or parietal, rarely laminar; ovules 1 or 2 or numerous per locule; stigma entire or sometimes shortly divided at apex. Fruit fleshy or non-fleshy, generally a septicidal capsule, rarely a nut with accrescent sepals or a drupe, or separating into up to 15 blackish drupelets on a colored accrescent receptacle.

雌蕊群(2或者) 3-5 (-15)具心皮，雌蕊柄有或有时无；子房上位，全缘的或者深裂，通常有长花柱；胎座式为基底胎座，中轴胎座或者侧膜胎座，很少片状胎座；胚珠1或每子房室或许多的2；柱头全缘或者有时在先端短裂。

To make matters worse, they often act like despots of independent dominions, not accountable to either the higher-ups or the hoi polloi.

更糟糕的是，他们属於无关痛痒的群体，既不被上位认可也不具影响力。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。