上位

The foundation of this system provides a good reference to promote the standardization and intelligence of the overhaul and maintenance of vacuum switches. This paper develops a special HF pulse power supply for internal pressure estimation, which achieves the output of HF-HV sinusoidal pulse wave whose frequency and amplitude can be modified respectively, and meets the design requirements according to the results of Simulink simulation and practical experiments. With the help of AT89S52, this paper designs an I~2C serial bus based signal detection system for peak value signal acquisition of HF pulse currents, which communicates with the upper computer by asynchronous serial communication for uploading the data. In the upper computer, a human computer interface is developed by Matlab software, whose functions are to do some computation and graphic display, such as calibrating the relation curve of vacuum degree and peak value of HF pulse currents, vacuum degree computation, and vacuum lifetime evaluation analysis basing on grey forecasting model as well as making relative suggestions.

本文研制了用于真空度检测的高频脉冲电源，通过Simulink仿真和试验检验其满足设计要求，实现了电压幅值和频率独立可调的正弦波高频高压脉冲输出；利用以AT89S52为核心基于I~2C串行总线的信号检测系统实现高频脉冲电流峰值信号的采集，通过异步串行通信实现单片机与计算机之间的数据通信，将检测数据传至上位机；在上位机利用Matlab开发人机交互界面，实现相关数据处理和图形显示，包括真空度——高频脉冲电流峰值关系曲线标定、真空度数值计算、基于灰色预测模型的真空寿命评估分析和提出相应决策建议。

The drain installations of city management is an important key link of civicism job, this text aim at the request of the drainage pumping station of city, design and implement a drainage pumping station remote monitoring system, the system falls into two part, upper monitor and lower monitor, thereinto , the function of upper monitor must have: setup system parameter, data pandect ,trends curve, view the alarm, data search, report form print and remote control, upper monitory user can look over the related information of pumping station, and control the pumping station when the pumping station allowable; the function of lower monitor must have: get real-time data and send the data, get alarm data and send alarm data, alarm tips, switch control mode and control pumps, lower monitor is a simulation application in pumping station, simulate the control and running about pumping station.

城市排水设施的管理是市政工作中的重要环节，本文针对城市排水泵站的需求，设计并实现了一个排水泵站计算机远程监控系统。系统分为上位机和下位机两部分，其中上位机实现的功能为：参数设定、数据总揽、趋势曲线、报警一览、数据查询、报表打印和远程控制，上位机的用户可以查看泵站的相关信息，并且能在下位机允许的情况下进行远程控制；下位机的功能为：实时数据获取和发送、报警获取和发送、报警提示、控制模式切换和控制功能，下位机是一个对泵站模拟的程序，模拟泵站的控制和运行情况。

This paper introduces the development process of wastewater disposal,it's auto control system,the level of nowadays and several new techniques of China and foreign countries. The immanent structure,control rules,main features and design methods of auto control systems in wastewater disposal process are studied in this paper. Aiming at four typical parameters,such as temperature,dissolved oxygen,PH and the planes of water,the Distributed Control System is designed,composed by PC called epigyny computer and SCM 8098 called hypogyny computer,and some sensors,shift deliver utensils and related meet orifices of parameters gathering and figures communication. The idea and work processes of some program modules are also introduced here. The programs in epigyny computer include the program of mutual interface between operator and computer,figure disposal program and chart output program,which are exploited with Visual Basic 6.0. And the programs in hypogyny computer are composed by figure gathering program,the progr am of supervision and control of system,communication program and meet orifice program between assemble language and VB,which are designed with assemble language.

本文介绍了国内外污水处理及其自动控制系统的发展过程、当今水平和提高自动化程度的若干新技术；研究了污水处理自动控制系统的内在结构、控制规律、主要特点和设计方法；选取污水处理中的典型参数温度、溶解氧、PH值和液位等为控制对象，设计了以个人计算机为上位机、以8098单片机为下位机，并辅之以传感器、变送器及相关接口单元所构成的二级集散控制系统；介绍了几个主要程序模块的设计思路、工作过程，这些程序模块是：用高级语言Visual Basic6.0开发的上位机人机交互界面程序、数据处理和图表输出程序，用执行效率高的汇编语言开发的下位机数据采集与系统监控程序、上位机与下位机之间的数据通信程序，汇编语言与VB之间的转接程序，等等。

This paper introduces the development process of wastewater disposal,its auto control system,the level of nowadays and several new techniques of China and foreign countries. The immanent structure,control rules,main features and design methods of auto control systems in wastewater disposal process are studied in this paper. Aiming at four typical parameters,such as temperature,dissolved oxygen,PH and the planes of water,the Distributed Control System is designed,composed by PC called epigyny computer and SCM 8098 called hypogyny computer,and some sensors,shift deliver utensils and related meet orifices of parameters gathering and figures communication. The idea and work processes of some program modules are also introduced here. The programs in epigyny computer include the program of mutual interface between operator and computer,figure disposal program and chart output program,which are exploited with Visual Basic 6.0. And the programs in hypogyny computer are composed by figure gathering program,the program of supervision and control of system,communication program and meet orifice program between assemble language and VB,which are designed with assemble language.

本文介绍了国内外污水处理及其自动控制系统的发展过程、当今水平和提高自动化程度的若干新技术；研究了污水处理自动控制系统的内在结构、控制规律、主要特点和设计方法；选取污水处理中的典型参数温度、溶解氧、PH值和液位等为控制对象，设计了以个人计算机为上位机、以8098单片机为下位机，并辅之以传感器、变送器及相关接口单元所构成的二级集散控制系统；介绍了几个主要程序模块的设计思路、工作过程，这些程序模块是：用高级语言Visual Basic6.0开发的上位机人机交互界面程序、数据处理和图表输出程序，用执行效率高的汇编语言开发的下位机数据采集与系统监控程序、上位机与下位机之间的数据通信程序，汇编语言与VB之间的转接程序，等等。

It is: sets the RFID label on the hanger, the card reader can get the information of the label and sends to the epigyny of the terminal unit of the station; when the hanger passes the reader of any working station; estimates the hanger whether or not enters the station to process manufacture after the epigyny receives the signal of the hanger, the programmable logic controller controls the pulling-in switch of the corresponding station according to the instruction from the epigyny.

该方法包括：在吊架上设有RFID标签，当吊架经过某个工作站进站口前的RFID读卡器时，读卡器会读到吊架标签上的信息，经由工作站终端设备发送给上位机；上位机接收到吊架检测信号后，判断此吊架是否进入工作站进行加工，可编程逻辑控制器根据上位机的指令控制相应工作站点的进站开关合上。

The equations of heterosis areV(subscript F1)=(l/2)Na^2+(l/4)Nd^2+Vsubscript I(F1additive dominance F1 epistasisV=(1/2)Na^2+(l/2)V1,additive parental epistasisV=(1/4)Nd^2+Vsubscript I(F1+(1/2)Vl,dominance F1 epistasis parental epistasis.where N is number of genes controlling a trait,α=P(subscript i-P/2, d is deviation from midparent, while the variance components are all indicated by their names under the repective terms.

由一个二项分布随机变数及其推广至多项分布推导出杂种优势的公式：V(下标 F1)=Na^2/2+Nd^2/4+V下标(F1加性显性 F1上位V＝Na^2/2+V/2加性亲代上位V＝Nd^2/4+V下标(F1+V/2显性 F1上位亲代上位在此N=控制性状的基因数，α=p(下标 i-P/2， d=离中亲的偏差，而各方差则如方程底部所列。

The invention relates to a dynamic matrix control system of high-purity distillation, which comprises distillation tower, intelligent checker, DCS system, superior host, and on-site bus, while they are connected. The control system uses tower product group as the object variable, and the reflux ratio and reboil ratio as control variable; the superior receives history temperature and pressure data from the DCS real-time database, via the predict control and dynamic matrix controller, to obtain the output values of present controller as reflux ratio and reboil ratio, then feedback said two values to DCS system, to function the distillation object. The invention can confirm the high-purity stable operation, with better dynamical control.

本发明公开了一种高纯精馏的动态矩阵控制系统和方法；系统包括：精馏塔、智能检测仪表、DCS系统、上位机和现场总线；所述精馏塔、智能检测仪表、DCS系统和上位机通过现场总线依次相连，实现信息流的上传和下达；本发明所涉及的控制系统采用塔双端产品组分为被控变量，回流比和再沸比为对应的控制变量；上位机从DCS实时数据库中获得历史的温度、压力等数据，通过推断控制环节和动态矩阵控制器环节，得到当前控制器的输出值-回流比和再沸比，再把控制器输出值返回给DCS系统，实现了对高纯精馏过程的双端产品高纯控制，对双端组分的高纯度平稳操作，具有很好的动态品质和控制效果。

The estimation of additive and dominance effects through QTL analysis by onedimensional search while ignoring epistases showed similar accuracy to that by two-dimensional search by including epistases. Existence of epistases could decrease the precision for the estimation of additive and dominance effects. The estimation of genetic main effects would be biased if ignoring the interaction effects of QTL×environment . Joint analysis of multiple environments including QE interaction effects could increase the precision for the estimation of genetic main effects.

忽略上位性效应的一维搜索QTL分析对加性效应和显性效应的估计精度与包括上位性的两维搜索QTL分析对这两种效应的估计精度相差不大，上位性的存在可能会降低对这两种效应估计的精度；忽略QTL×环境互作效应会导致对遗传主效应的有偏估计，而包括QE互作效应的多环境联合分析能够提高对遗传主效应的估计精度。

In this dissertation, the modern engineering technology was introduced into the planting of ginseng, studied the distribute intelligence control system of greenhouse, in which ginsengs would be planted.

系统上位机采用Visual Basic 6.0编写程序，设计出简单实用的界面，并实现串口通信，能够显示、存储、查询现场数据，对数据进行分析、处理，并做出正确决策传送给下位机；下位机软件采用汇编语言编写，实现的功能包括：对传感器采集到的环境信息的初步处理，把整理后的数据发送给上位机，根据上位机下达的指令或者自身的控制规则驱动执行机构调节温室环境。

The experimental results showed that all characters accorded with the addi tiv e-dominant-epistatic model, the additive gene effect and dominant gene effect pl ayed an important role in most characters of 6 crosses, epistatic gene effects w ere significant in all crosses for the 6 investigated traits, additive generic g ene-effects were more important on the spikelets per panicle and spike lets density than its non-additive generic gene-effects (［h］+［j］+［l］), b ut the l atter were relatively more crucial on the days to heading and panicle length in the two tested lines.

结果表明：六个性状都符合加性-显性-上位性模型，加性效应对两个多小穗小麦品系各性状的遗传有重要作用，部分性状存在显著的显性效应，不同类型上位性效应对各性状有不同程度的影响；各性状之间各类基因效应平方和百分比差异较大，不同类型上位性基因效应平方和百分比大小因被测系、组合而异。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。