三维的

After a brief introduction of Three Dimensional Boolean Operation concepts, we illustrated the way how to decrease the procedure from three dimension to two dimension, and discussed on those singular problems, so that we can get the three dimensional topological information.

在简要的描述三维布尔运算基本概念后，我们给出了具体的三维到二维的降维过程，讨论了在二维空间中解决奇异问题的方法，最后得到三维重构拓扑信息。

It was shown that the 3D deformation in the tunnel at soft rock was obvious at F7 fault and phyllite section, with the characteristics of large deformation and longitudinal displacement developing in the opposite direction of work face and being stable at a distance about 2.0 times of tunnel diameter from the work face. And the 3D displacement of tunnels at F7 fault zone developed in an uneven symmetrical way, while there was good consistency for 3D deformation at slate section. Furthermore, there was a mutally verifying relationship between 3D deformation and ground stress distribution of tunnel region.

结果表明，F7断层和千枚岩地段软岩隧道三维位移十分明显，具有隧道大变形特性，其纵向位移背离开挖面方向发展并在相距开挖面约2.0倍洞径时趋于稳定状态；F7断层地段隧道三维位移呈不均匀对称地发展变化，而板岩地段三维位移变化的一致性较好；隧道三维变形规律与隧道区域地应力场的分布存在相互印证关系。

The key technical problem of roughcast in the virtual machining environment is to handle three-dimensional shape, which includes the method of setting up geometrical model of three-dimensional shape of roughcast , the data structure that displays three-dimensional shape, process compiling three-dimensional shape, etc.

在虚拟加工环境中，毛坯的三维图形处理主要包括毛坯三维图形的几何建模方法、三维几何图形的显示数据结构和三维图形的编译处理等，提出了一种能够满足虚拟加工环境的三维图形的数据结构，给出了实现方案，实现了三维图形的环境调入和毛坯的对接等功

Through the research of direct search method based on 3D FEM, and its application for the tunnel slope stability analysis, the objectives of this work in this paper are as follows:1. The dynamic programming as well as its application for 3D side slope stability analysis is studied. With the introduction of graph theory concept, one kind of glide pattern of 3D slope is constructed, and the critical slip surface with smallest safety factor is searched with the aid of one auxiliary function including safety factor;2. Using the C++ programming language, the 3D slope stability analysis and the direct search procedure is established, and this method is testified applicably by some contrast analysis, also some influence factor in analysis is discussed;3. Integrated with the different actual situation in tunnel slope, considered its excavation, timbering and rain infiltration, its stability influence and rule is researched used this method, also some processing measure is proposed.

本文通过对三维有限元直接搜索法的研究，并将其应用于隧道边坡的稳定性分析中，主要的研究内容有：1、研究了动态规划原理及其在三维边坡稳定性分析中的应用，引入图论概念，构筑出一种边坡三维滑裂面的滑动模式，借助一个包含安全系数的辅助函数并通过动态搜索求得临界滑裂面与最小安全系数；2、采用C++程序设计语言，编制出边坡三维稳定性分析以及直接搜索法的程序，通过一些算例的对比分析，验证本文方法的适用性，并讨论了三维分析中的一些影响因素。3、结合隧道边坡的不同实际情况，考虑施工开挖过程、衬砌结构及降雨渗流等方面的因素，利用本文方法研究对其稳定性的影响和规律，并提出处理措施

The model is used to count several engineering example.Comparing the 2D numerical results with electrical simulations,it is proved that the seepage model can count the seepage surface and the location of search results in dam well and truly.Comparing 3D results with 2D results at close section,the results are tally well except the difference of meshes and the interceptive position of section.So the model is credible and has upper practicality value.In the projects,the spending of account is increasing because of the bigger account field.

将饱和—非饱和渗流模型用于几个工程实例，其二维模拟结果同渗流电模拟实验结果进行了对比，证明本文的渗流模型完全能够准确计算坝内的渗流浸润线以及逸出面位置；三维数值模拟的结果在相近剖面处与二维结果作了比较，考虑三维网格剖分及剖面截取位置的差异，三维结果与二维结果吻合的较好，证明本文的饱和—非饱和渗流模型在三维计算中是可靠的且具有较高的实用价值。

The algorithm is applied in the segmentation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of human brain for the 3D reconstruction on dependent of different human tissue structures, in which the problem on wraps between different tissues and fuzzy edges between the different regions in medical volume data may better be settled, which can not be well done by the typical"hard"segmentation using binary logical representation.(3) An accelerated algorithm of volume rendering with X-ray perspective and Phong shading effect based on textures mapping and blending is presented for realizing 3D reconstruction of medical volume data by 2D texture mapping and blending, in which the accelerated algorithm of window transformation is utilized to computing voxels' gray scales and opacities to produce X-ray perspective images, and Phone illumination model is used to import world light sources and an unit spherical surface under the same shading environment as the actual volume rendering is employed to simulate the real reflectional light of per-voxel so that 3D reconstruction possesses illumination effect in the world. Furthermore, 3D matrix transformations of degree rotation and other operations of 3D object are studied, and a fast equivalent method of corresponding shading correction is brought forward to improve its interaction speed in volume rendering process.

该方法利用体数据的窗口变换加速算法将医学体数据转换为计算机显示值，可以得到具有X光透视效果三维图像；该方法提出的Phong明暗处理加速算法利用Phong光照模型引入外部光源，使用一单位球面体来仿真体数据的法线矢量集所产生的反射光强，以快速得到每一个体素的反射光强度，使物体的三维重建达到现实世界中人眼直接观察的逼真效果；此外，还研究了三维重建物体的三维旋转等矩阵变换，提出了一种Phong明暗修正的快速算法来保证了体绘制中三维几何变换的多视角观察的交互速度。

A three-dimensional simulation method based on Matlab was designed. Moreover its better simulation was verified by a contrast diagram from different fiber finesses and a figure after three dimensional mapping. Finally, the main applications and their development directions for the two methods were prospected on a simulation based on lines and a three-dimensional map.

论述了基于Matlab的三维纱线模型的建立方法，并通过不同细度纤维构成纱线对比效果图和三维映射后三维纱的模拟图，验证了该法可以模拟出真实感较强的三维纱线，指出线性模拟和三维映射2种方法的主要用途和发展方向。

The research of making use of 2D image to form the 3D objects has been a field paid attention to very much all the time. In this work, we propose the synthetic way of a 3D human head, based on image information of multiple-view, cooperate with a Generic 3D head model. By choosing the feature points from images to estimation of position of the camera, and then dealing with information reconstruction of human head and feature point relationship between images and 3D object. Subsequently, applying interpolation technique, the head model is deformed from original model to fit the computed feature points by using Radial Basis Function. Make the form of the head model of people after deformation in conformity with true face of people. Finally, execute 3D head texture mapping and reach the function of translation and rotation with arbitrary direction.

利用二维影像来合成三维物件的研究一直是很受到重视的一个领域，在本论文中，我们提出一个三维立体人头的合成方式，以多张不同视角的影像资讯为基础，配合一个事先准备好的通用三维人头模型(generic 3D head model)，透过二维影像中特徵点的选取来估算出拍摄的角度、方位，进而处理人脸模型五官的资讯重塑与特徵点对应的关系，接著利用内差技术，使用放射基底函数对三维通用人头模型作形变，使形变过后人头模型的形状与真实人脸相符，最后对三维通用人头模型作材质贴图，并可对此模型作任意角度、方向的旋转平移，以期达到类似照镜的功能。

Mariana VS virtual studio system is the combination of 3D virtual studio technology, 3D videotext and database technology, and is brand-new virtual studio that is made ingeniously. The system employs Mariana 3D rendering engine that was self-developed and high efficient. It can provide a strong platform of rendering for 3D virtual scene and 3D virtual videotext.

Mariana VS 虚拟演播系统是结合三维虚拟演播室技术、三维图文技术、数据库技术，精心打造的全新一代虚拟演播产品，该系统采用新奥特公司自主研发的强劲、高效的 Mariana 三维渲染引擎，为三维虚拟场景、三维虚拟图文应用提供功能强大的渲染平台。

Experimental results show that the 3D SPEZBC algorithm has the same rate-distortion performances of three-dimensional embedded zero block coding (3D EZBC) algorithm, obviously outperforms three-dimensional set partitioned embedded block (3D SPECK) algorithm, three-dimensional set partitioning in hierarchical trees(3D SPIHT) algorithm and (AT-3D SPIHT) algorithm, and is slightly better than JPEG2000 multi-component (JPEG2000-MC) algorithm at different bit rate in the compression performances.

实验结果表明，3D SPEZBC算法具有与三维嵌入式零块编码(3D EZBC)算法相同的压缩编码性能，在各比特率下编码性能均明显优于三维集合分裂嵌入式块编码(3D SPECK)、三维等级树集合分裂(3D SPIHT)和非对称三维等级树集合分裂(AT-3D SPIHT)算法，并且略好于多分量JPEG2000编码(JPEG2000-MC)算法。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失