三维

Using axonometric projection method ,the computer si mulation of the di mensional electrostaticfieldis realized through the planar projection transformation of three-di mensional coordinate.

采用轴测投影法，通过三维坐标的二维投影变换，实现空间静电场的计算机模

We developed an analytic resolution of 2-D azimuthal prediction and a least square method for 3-D azimuthal prediction.

提出了基于二维多方位预测的精确解法和基于三维多方位预测的最小二乘法。

The nonlinear stability of three-dimensional disturbances for the Blasius boundary layers is studied. We adopted here the high accuracy method of using the expansions in orthogonal functions along the normal direction and the effective algebraic mapping to deal with the problem in the infinite region. The initial solutions of two-dimensional harmonic waves are given by Landau expansion, and the mean-flow-distortion is calculated by the approximation equation.

运用Landau展开给出了二维谐波的初始解、通过求解线性PSE而得到TS波和C型亚谐扰动的初始站值、以及近似地模拟初始站的均流变形值，以此为初始条件，并结合迭代-预估校正方法来实现非线性PSE的求解和推进，详细地研究了非平行边界层三维扰动C型失稳过程。

The boundary contour formulations of evaluatingstresses from the Somigliana stress identity are derived for 2-D problemswith quadratic boundary elements.The boundary contour method basedon the traction boundary integral equation is further discussed.Elasticproblems are first solved using the traction boundary contour method.Amixed collocation of the displacement boundary contour formulation andtraction boundary contour formulation is given.(4)The dual boundarycontour method is developed for the analysis of crack problems.

3建出了Somigliana应力积分式的二维和三维问题的边界轮廓法理论；给立了二维问题由Somigliana应力积分式计算应力的二次形函数的边界轮廓法方程，进而给出了基于面力边界积分方程的边界轮廓法；提出了一种以位移边界轮廓法方程与面力边界轮廓法方程混合配置的方案，首次实现了用两种积分方程相结合来求解弹性力学问题。

With plastic brainpan product as an example , the plastic melt flow is analyzed and simulated by Moldflow software , and the mold is designed by the adoption of UG software according to the basic process of modern mold design method , leading to reasonable injection molding parameters , optimized mold structure , two dimensional drawing of mold structure and three dimensional shape for NC machining .

以塑料头盖制品为例，按照现代模具设计方法的一般过程，综合运用Moldflow软件进行塑料流动分析和UG软件进行模具设计，得到了合理的注射工艺参数和优化的模具结构，以及模具的二维工程图和用于数控加工的零件三维编程模型。

With plastic brainpan product as an example,the plastic melt flow is analyzed and simulated by Moldflow software,and the mold is designed by the adoption of UG software according to the basic process of modern mold design method,leading to reasonable injection molding parameters,optimized mold structure,two-dimensional drawing of mold structure and three-dimensional shape for NC machining.

黎文峰，苗玉慧，基于UG和Moldflow的塑料模具设计以塑料头盖制品为例，按照现代模具设计方法的一般过程，综合运用M oldflow软件进行塑料流动分析和UG软件进行模具设计，得到了合理的注射工艺参数和优化的模具结构，以及模具的二维工程图和用于数控加工的零件三维编程模型。

With the investigation of brassiere structures and analysis of the human body data,the grading of brassieres was designed and achieved by the way of controlling the angles of darts.

通过对女胸衣人体数据的分析，在胸衣罩杯的放缩中利用胸省角度的合理变化得到实际需要的纸样；依照纸样制作样衣，与二维推板法得到的纸样和样衣进行分析对照，以期体现三维推板法所具有的优势，为服装推板基础理论研究提出一个新的方向

This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component. For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper. For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space state informatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision. Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为（n-1）维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料（单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待）、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component.For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material .distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper.For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space stateinformatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision.Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为(n-1)维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料(单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待)、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

Compared to surface time-lapse seismic, time-lapse 3-D VSP is short in acquisition time, cheap, and easy-to-processing, and it is superior in repeated reservoir characterization, determination of optimal well position, calculation of reservoir properties in certain areas, monitoring fluid flow, and reduction of risk in equipment investment.

时移三维VSP相对于地面四维地震来说，采集周期短、费用少、处理迅速、且可以重复用于油藏，应用于确定最佳井位，优化某特定区域的油藏特性，监测流体运动及减少新生产设备的投资风险。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。