三维

Using three moment invariants describing 3-D object reduces data greatly in the model database, this provides a potential solution to 3-D object recognition in arbitrary view.

用三维不变矩来表示三维物体可以极大地减少模型库中的数据量，为从根本上解决任意角度三维目标识别问题提供了潜在的希望。

MGM is introduced to solve field distributions in 3-D electron optical systems. The difference equation, the discrete form of Laplace's equation, is deduced in 3-D Cartesian coordinates. In view of the smooth effect, MGM combines Gauss-Seidel iteration with a technique known as coarse grid correction. Formulae for restriction and prolongation are deduced and expressed in terms of tensors.

将多重网格法引入电子光学系统中三维静电场的计算，对三维笛卡尔坐标系中的差分方程，采用高斯-赛德尔迭代法求解差分方程组，并结合迭代过程讨论了粗网格的误差校正技术；在不同网格层之间进行场值的限制和延拓，推导了三维静电场中的限制、延拓公式并以张量的形式表示。

This method overcome the problems of many supposition conditions in theory and difficulty in searching critical slip surface in 3D limiting equilibrium analysis; It uses the 3D FEM\'s stress field directly, differs from the practical value of 3D FEM strength reduction method used hypothesized load, and differs from the characteristic of the FEM with limiting equilibrium theory still to need to divide the columniation, and suppose the critical slip surface in advance.

该方法克服了三维极限平衡分析方法在理论上引入较多假设条件，且搜索临界滑裂面困难的问题；它直接采用三维有限元应力场，不同于三维有限元强度折减法基于虚拟荷载上得出的实用价值；同时异于沿用极限平衡理论的有限元法仍需要进行条柱划分，并事先假设滑裂面形状及位置的缺点。

By the restriction of geometry optics and space conjugate symmetric relation between focused image surface and object, the FIS is changed into trim size, so the aim to measure three-dimensional is turned into reality.

利用聚焦像表面与物体间的几何光学的约束以及它们之间的空间共轭对称关系，将该三维表面变换到实际三维尺寸，以达到三维测量的目的。

In 3D scalar Helmholtz equation computation, for the first time, this dissertation proves that there is an analytical solution of infinite series convegence for the problems satisfying the MT expansion condition, derives the MT general solution formula and the using laws, proves or explains the using rules that are used in the GMT and but they can't be proven or explained by The GMT.

首次从理论上证明，在三维静电场分析中，存在一种无穷级数收敛，且有一定普遍性的解析解；推导出三维静电场分析的多极理论通解及其使用规则，证明或解释广义多极技术不能证明或解释的若干使用规则，用多极理论求解工程实际中的三维静电场边值问题。

In order to improve display velocity, transform the seismic data to a 3-D two-valued image, trace the 3-D connected zone with ordered cross algorithm, thin the zone to get the coordinate of the reflection surface.

为加快显示速度，将一个三维地震数据体转换为三维二值图像，用有序扩展算法追踪同相面所在的三维连通域，细化后得到反射面的坐标数据。

Based on the Navier-Stokes equations in conservative form derived with respect to nonorthogonal curvilinear coordinates and nonorthogonal velocity components, the numerical method for solving 3D viscous flow has been discussed.

本文基于非正交曲线坐标与相应的非正交速度分量下导得的守恒型N—S方程，讨论了求解三维粘性流动的数值方法，计算中显式时间推进算法与Baldwin—Lomax湍流模型被采用，应用本工作发展的程序，作为算例计算了一个沿径向非等截面环形叶栅的三维粘性流场，得到了诸如三维压力分布，总压损失分布以及十分清晰的二次流动图景等丰富的流场信息。

The last but not least, it is also owning to the rapid development in computer science and information technology. Such as, some computational task, which previously must be executed by using super-computer, now can be carried out by personal computer, and at the same time, the network speed and band width of data bus and input/output equipment have increased several times. In addition, the improvement of the high quality graphic displaying is available. All these provide strong support for cryoEM high-resolution reconstruction study.

目前，在低电子剂量的情况下，冷冻电镜照片可以记录到3-4 〓的信息，使用冷冻电子显微镜进行高分辨三维重构工作，已经获得6.5-8〓高分辨率水平的结果，可以分辨出蛋白质的α螺旋、识别出蛋白质的β折叠等蛋白质二级结构；其次是，三维重构算法效能的不断提高，使得对二十面体取向和中心参数计算的可靠性大大提高；再次是，由于计算机和信息技术迅猛发展，例如，以往需要使用大型计算机的计算任务已经可以被一般的个人电脑完成，网络速度、数据总线和硬盘等I／O设备的带宽成倍增长，以及图像显示能力的提高都为冷冻电子显微镜高分辨三维重构技术提供了强有力的支持。

Nowadays, in the low electron dose condition, the information about 3-4〓 can be recorded on the cryoEM micrograph, and the high-resolution reconstruction using the cryoEM has reached 6. 5-8〓 levels. The reconstruction can reveal the protein α helical and recognise β fold secondary structure. Secondly, it is due to the development in 3D reconstruction method, which can be more efficient to determine the orientation and center parameters. The last but not least, it is also owning to the rapid development in computer science and information technology. Such as, some computational task, which previously must be executed by using super-computer, now can be carried out by personal computer, and at the same time, the network speed and band width of data bus and input/output equipment have increased several times. In addition, the improvement of the high quality graphic displaying is available. All these provide strong support for cryoEM high-resolution reconstruction study.

目前，在低电子剂量的情况下，冷冻电镜照片可以记录到3-4 〓的信息，使用冷冻电子显微镜进行高分辨三维重构工作，已经获得6.5-8〓高分辨率水平的结果，可以分辨出蛋白质的α螺旋、识别出蛋白质的β折叠等蛋白质二级结构；其次是，三维重构算法效能的不断提高，使得对二十面体取向和中心参数计算的可靠性大大提高；再次是，由于计算机和信息技术迅猛发展，例如，以往需要使用大型计算机的计算任务已经可以被一般的个人电脑完成，网络速度、数据总线和硬盘等I／O设备的带宽成倍增长，以及图像显示能力的提高都为冷冻电子显微镜高分辨三维重构技术提供了强有力的支持。

A three dimensional stereo sound reproducing apparatus for a mobile communication terminal comprises: a memory for storing sound data having a three dimensional stereo sound effect; a sound processing unit for reading the sound data from the memory when an incoming call is generated or when a user requests reproduction of the sound data and for decoding the sound data without distortion of the three dimensional stereo sound effect, thereby outputting the sound data as a type of an analog signal; and a speaker for amplifying the analog signal and outputting the amplified analog signal as a type of an audible sound.

该移动通信终端的三维立体声再现设备包括：用于存储具有三维立体声效果的声音数据的存储器；当生成呼入呼叫时或当用户请求再现声音数据时，用于从存储器中读出该声音数据并解码该声音数据而不会使三维立体声效果失真，由此以模拟信号的形式输出该声音数据的声音处理单元；和用于放大该模拟信号并输出该放大的模拟信号的扬声器。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。