三态性

In this paper, the statistical characteristics of one plane and one helicopter's RCS dynamic measurement data are studied by using the χ^2 distributing, log-normal distribution and Rayleigh distributing model, along with the Kolmogorov fit test to goodness, the fitting results in some notableness level are acquired by using the three models for different aspect angles for two targets, and the degree of freedom distribution of χ^2 model in all aspect angles is obtained for two targets' RCS data.

文中以某歼击机和直升机为对象，应用χ^2分布、对数正态分布和瑞利分布模型，以及Kolmogorov拟合优度检验方法，研究其RCS动态测量数据的统计分布特征，得到了在一定显著性水平下，两种目标在不同视向角下对三种模型的拟合效果，同时得到应用χ^2分布拟合时模型半自由度随视向角的分布情况。

By means of the C0 - semigroup theory of bounded linear operators in functional analysis we prove that thissystem has a unique nonnegative solution.

以往大多数文献都讨论维修系统的稳态解的情况，本文利用泛函分析中算子半群的方法研究了这类数学模型的非负动态解的存在唯一性。第三部分对积分半群和余弦算子族解析性的讨论。

I will introduce a method to solve this problem when data come from some common life distribution, such as Weibull distribution and Lognormal distribution. In chapter 1, we introduce background of grouped data and how to analyze them with classical methods. In chapter 2, we introduce EM algorithm and show that the estimation of the parameters get through this algorithm is convergent under certain conditions. In chapter 3, we use EM algorithm to estimate parameters in Weibull distribution and Lognormal distribution by grouped data and the simulation shows this method is available.

第一章首先介绍分组数据问题的背景以及如何利用经典的统计方法对分组数据进行分析，并指出分析过程中所遇到的困难；第二章将介绍一种处理不完全数据时的常用算法，EM算法，并说明利用这种算法所得到的估计具有良好的收敛性；第三章将利用EM算法对基于分组数据的威布尔分布和对数正态分布进行参数估计，并进行模拟表明此方法的可行性与有效性。

In this thesis, some theories and approaches related to continuous dynamics, discrete dynamics, impulsive dynamics, operator theory and numerical simulations are used to investigate dynamical behaviors including the existence and globally asymptotic stability of periodic solutions, permanence, extinction, and all kinds of complexities, and meanwhile the possible effects of delay and impulse on the dynamical behaviors are discussed.

我们的这些结果显示出这三个时滞周期系统正周期解存在且全局渐近稳定的充分条件在形式上几乎能够很好的与相应的无时滞自治系统正平衡态存在且全局渐近稳定的充分条件相对(来源：A5babBC论文网www.abclunwen.com)应，这些结果也显示了时滞对系统正周期解的存在性和全局渐近稳定性是有影响的，它们推广并改进了一些已有的相关结果。

The results showed that the aluminum plates had a much better effect than zinc plates in identifying crystalline free silica. The all open-faced samples had good uniformity in the filter no matter how many middles were used, but not so good for the closed-faced sampling. The calibration curve had a good correlation coefficient (r=0.995). Due to different industrial operating patterns, the distribution of crystalline free silica concentration varied by the industrial environment. The dust consisted of 10- 30% of crystalline free silica in all samples obtained from the foundry environments. The crystalline free silica was accounted for less than 10% in the respirable dusts.

结果显示，因为铝板对於结晶型游离二氧化矽具有较良好的补正系数，因此做为本研究的基底标准吸收校正的校正元素；SKC铝制旋风分离器搭配开匣式滤纸匣於一阶中环、二阶中环、三阶中环均有良好之均匀度，反之，搭配闭匣式滤纸匣其均匀度均不佳；分析检量线具有良好线性关系(r=0.995)，因作业型态不同，作业环境会有不同的浓度分布，综观作业环境中可呼吸性结晶型游离二氧化矽之含量均小於10%以下，总粉尘结晶型游离二氧化矽之含量约为10 – 30%之中。

The Bidiagonal matrix method for the simulation of distillation and catalytic distillation is developed. The bidiagonal matrix method is proved to be better in convergcnce and stability by compared with the tridiagonal matrix method.

在多组分精馏塔的稳态模拟计算中，三对角矩阵法具有占用计算机内存少，无需计算偏导数矩阵等优点，但对强非理想性体系有时计算不收敛。

The third part of this thesis is reactive simulating calculation In this section, some well-known auxiliaries are selected to compute in density functional theory B3LYP on Gaussian 03, from which the relationship between reaction active energies of transition states and enantiomeric excess of chiral products homoallylic alcohols isobtained based on relative reactive ratio theory. Using this relationship, calculations on the reaction of more than eight auxiliaries with four other aldehydes are carried out in AMI and MNDO, proving that N,N\'-dibenzyl tartamide has higher enantioselectivity than others in this reaction.

第三部分为计算化学部分，运用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法在Gaussian03软件上对已经报道的几种手性配体参与的醛不对称烯丙基化反应过程进行模拟计算，基于相对反应速率理论找出两种构型过渡态间活化能的差异与产物光学收率之间的关系；并以此为基础，用AM1和MNDO方法对上述合成的几种配体控制的反应过程进行量化计算，从而在理论上证实了N-苄基酒石酸二酰胺配体在醛的不对称烯丙基化反应中具有较高的立体选择性。

The UV and IR spectroscopic studies of the monomer films showed that the photoreaction ratio of monomer (about 50%) was higher than the corresponding photosensitive polymer (about 10%, PVCi). The polarized IR spectra proved that obvious anisotropic absorption was displayed in the irradiated photosensitive film. With polarizing microscopy method, we found that these kinds of photoalignment films exhibited good alignment ability, and the stability of the photoalignment film could reach about 100℃. 2 A photosensitive self-assembled monolayer was fabricated that contained photo-cycloadditable groups, such as, coumarin and cinnamate. The reaction process were detected by contact angle method because the IR absorption of monolayer was very weak. The photosensitive self-assembled monolayer promote uniform alignment of nematic liquid crystals by LPUV, and it thermal stability could reach about 130℃. 3 A cationic bolaform amphiphiles was synthesized that had two photosensitive double bonds, and can be polymerized by ultraviolet. A layer-by-layer self-assembled deposition film was prepared in aqueous solution by using this material and poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). The UV-Vis. spectra proved that the multilayers film was uniform and layer-by-layer. When LPUV irradiated the film, the photopolymerizable double bond underwent [2+2] cycloaddition, and the production of the reaction distributed along the polarized direction of incident LPUV. Polarized UV-Vis. spectra indicated that the irradiated self-assembled multiplayer film was anisotropic, and the dichromic ration is about 0.09, it is higher than the spin-coating method of photosensitive polymer or monomer. We used this anisotropic film as alignment layer of nematic liquid crystals, and obtained a uniform and stability alignment result, the static contrast ratio is about 100, which is very close to application of liquid crystal device. This thesis is an instance that the photochemical material was used in the physics region of liquid crystals, the route that was from photosensitive monomer, self-assembled monolayer film to self-assembled multiplayer film was undergone, by this logical research method photoailgnment of liquid crystal was extended and consummated.

围绕上述思路开展了如下工作：1合成了三种可进行光二聚反应的光敏小分子单体，LPUV 辐照制作了光控取向膜；用紫外-可见光谱法和红外光谱法分析了薄膜中的光化学反应，发现小分子的光反应程度可达到50%以上，至少比光敏高分子高出5倍；薄膜的偏振红外光谱证实，经过LPUV 辐照后薄膜出现了明显的各向异性；将小分子光控取向膜制成液晶器件，在偏光显微镜下观察看到均匀一致的液晶取向；并且热稳定性达到100℃左右，接近实用化要求。2制备了含肉桂酸、香豆素基团的自组装单层膜；采用接触角的方法监测自组装反应的动力学过程；紫外-可见光谱证实了自组装单层膜在石英基板表面形成；自组装单层膜经LPUV 辐照后能诱导液晶均匀取向，而且热稳定性可达130℃，热稳定性进一步提高。3合成了含有光敏双键的双季铵盐，在水溶液状态下将它和聚乙烯基苯磺酸钠沉积生成layer-by-layer 自组装多层膜，紫外-可见光谱证实这是一个逐层均匀的沉积；在LPUV 照射下，自组装膜中的光敏双键按照偏振方向发生[2+2]环加成反应，形成取向膜，用二向色性值评价的分子取向度高于高分子及小分子光控取向膜的水平；实验证明用自组装多层膜制成的液晶器件亮暗态均匀，静态对比度约为100，达到实用化器件的水平。

Immunohistochemical S-P technique was performed to detect the expression of Fez1 protein in the tumor tissues and accompanying nonmalignant tissues.

实验分为三部分：(1)选取与候选抑癌基因Fez1紧密连锁的微卫星多态位点D8S261和D8S233，然后对32例肺腺癌组织进行两个位点的杂合性缺失分析。

Three organochlorine pesticides -endrin, dieldrin, and p,p'-DDT-were used as target compounds to test the hypothesis that triolein embedded cellulose acetate membrane only extracts freely dissolved hydrophobic organic compounds. The effect of dissolved organic carbon on the bioavailability of the OCPs was also examined through accumulation study with TECAM and Japanese medaka.

以异狄氏剂、狄氏剂和p，p'-滴滴涕3种持久性有机氯农药为研究对象，通过室内模拟实验，验证了三油酸甘油脂-醋酸纤维素复合膜富集水中自由溶解态疏水性有机物的假设，研究了水中溶解性有机碳对TECAM富集3种有机氯农药的影响，并与相同暴露条件下日本青鳉鱼的富集结果进行了比较。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。