三度法

In this thesis, we implement a computational procedure to categorize and classify 3-D objects from their contour under a simple environment. First, we use foreground detection, Canny edge detection and speedy GVF snake to obtain the object's contour. The contour is then used to establish the object's features. Two databases are built using methods which compute similarity by modified aspect-combination algorithm proposed by Cyr and Kimia and new proposed aspect-combination algorithm. By using these two databases, we recognize 3-D objects using four recognition methods and compare their performance. Finally, a conclusion is made that our newly proposed algorithm is better than the modified algorithm proposed by Cyr and Kimia.

在本论文中，对一个在单纯环境下的三维物体，由撷取到辨识出此物体做了一个完整的实现，首先，利用前景侦测结合肯尼边缘侦测法和加速的梯度向量流动态轮廓侦测法，来得到物体轮廓，接著利用此轮廓找寻出物体的特徵，然后配合计算相似度的方法，代入修改后的Cyr and Kimia的外观结合演算法（aspect-combination algorithm）和新提出的外观结合演算法去建资料库，然后，对於三维物体则依据两种不同方法所建出的资料库，利用四种辨识的方法来辨识并比较其结果，最后得出新提出的外观结合演算法是优於修改后的Cyr and Kimia的外观结合演算法的结论。

The company's main products: color detection instruments: Glossiness Miriam, Miriam color spectrophotometry, standard light source for color light box, transmissioní°Miriam, Miriam orange peel, fresh young tester; surface coating physical properties testing instruments: Coating thickness, wet film thickness, temperature tracker, surface humidity instrument, dewpoint meter, roughness instrument, electric spark pinhole leak detectors; Detect mechanical properties of surface coating equipment: zoned grid, and pencil hardness tester , impact tester, hardness testing sticks, Latvia Law / hydraulic adhesion tester, abrasion tester, cylinder / cone bending tester, cups sudden device, surface tension instruments, scratch pen, indentation hardness tester, etc.; paint coating equipment dedicated category: fineness board, drying time recorder, wet adhesion tester, paint ohmmeter, PH, the coating device, mixer, bead mill, mixer, spray gun, putty detector Miriam, white tester, iron cobalt colorimeter, moisture titrator; viscosity-type equipment: Viscosity Cup, density cup, bubble viscosity tube viscometer, infiltration cup rheometer, viscosity units conversion meter; laboratory standard consumables: Mitsubishi pencil tests, 3M adhesive tape test, RCA tape, rubber, the hiding power test paper for color tubes, microscopes dedicated LED ring light source, transfer ink knife and ink scraper, brush, Color Card, gray cards, zirconia beads, glass beads, pieces of cement mortar, the standard of fly ash, the standard viscosity fluid, stopwatch, chemical industry-standard compilation of manuals, paint paint testing manual; test standard Material: tin plate, steel plate, aluminum sheet, asbestos-cement pressure plate, Eterpan, glass, maple panels, MDF, copper film, polyester film, copper; measuring meter and optical instruments: digital calipers, micrometer, dial gauge a high scale, depth gauge, thickness gauge, diameter gauge, gauge block, magnifiers, microscopes, projectors, video measuring instrument; environmental test equipment: oven, constant temperature and humidity box, hot and cold circulating water bath, salt spray test chamber, high temperature resistance furnace, fluorescent UV aging chamber, xenon lamp aging chamber; electronics equipment: infrared thermometer, multimeter, clamp sheet, thermal imager, temperature and humidity meter; anti-static instruments: static tester, surface resistivity device, flat-panel monitor, anti-static footwear tester, wrist strap tester, body Tester; other types of instruments and equipment: torque tester, temperature and humidity recorder, push pull, the vibrometer, speed instrument, analytical balance, industrial Scale Units, dust particle counter, X-ray fluorescence coating thickness measurement and elemental composition analyzer, and so on.

公司主营产品：外观颜色检测仪器：光泽度仪、分光色差仪、标准光源对色灯箱、透射雾影仪、桔皮仪、鲜映性测试仪；表面涂层物理性能检测仪器：涂层测厚仪、湿膜测厚仪、炉温跟踪仪、表面湿度仪、露点仪、粗糙度仪、电火花针孔检漏仪；表面涂层机械性能检测仪器设备：划格器、铅笔硬度计、冲击试验仪、硬度试验棒、拉脱法/液压式附着力试验仪、耐磨耗试验机、圆柱/圆锥弯曲试验仪、杯突仪、表面张力仪、划痕笔、压痕硬度计等；涂料油漆类专用仪器设备：细度板、干燥时间记录仪、湿附着力耐擦洗试验仪、油漆电阻计、PH计、涂膜器、混合机、珠磨机、搅拌机、喷枪、腻子测定仪仪、白度仪、铁钴比色计、水份滴定仪；粘度类仪器设备：粘度杯、密度杯、气泡粘度管、粘度计、渗透杯、流变仪、粘度单位换算计；实验室标准消耗品：三菱测试铅笔、3M测试胶带、RCA纸带、橡皮条、遮盖力测试纸、对色灯管、显微镜专用LED环型光源、调墨刀、墨铲、狼毫刷、色卡、灰卡、锆珠、玻璃珠、水泥砂浆块、标准粉煤灰、标准粘度液、秒表、化学工业标准汇编手册、涂料油漆测试手册；测试级标准基材：马口铁板、钢板、铝板、石棉水泥加压板、埃特板、玻璃板、枫木面板、中纤板、紫铜片、聚酯膜、铜棒；量具量仪及光学仪器：数显卡尺、千分尺、千分表、高度尺、深度规、厚度规、内径规、量块、放大镜、显微镜、投影仪、影像测量仪；环境测试设备：烘箱、恒温恒湿箱、冷热循环水浴、盐雾试验箱、高温电阻炉、荧光紫外老化试验箱、氙灯老化试验箱；电子类仪器：红外测温仪、万用表、钳形表、热像仪、温湿度仪；防静电仪器：静电测试仪、表面电阻仪、平板监测仪、防静电鞋袜测试仪、手腕带测试仪、人体综合测试仪；其他类仪器设备：扭力测试仪、温湿度记录仪、推拉力计、测振仪、转速仪、分析天平、工业台秤、尘埃粒子计数器、 X-射线荧光涂层测厚和元素成分构成分析仪，等等。

After the normal degermation of acupoints,the points of double LI20 with needles of 1cun is punctured, directing the needles on double LI20 to nasion, even reforcing and reducing after developing needle sensation, and be sure to make needle sensation into nasal cavity;puncture DU23 with the needle of 1cun,directing the needle to forehead ,twirling and rotating until the generation of needle sensation;puncture perpendicularly double LI4 with the needle of 1.5 cun, reforcing and reducing after developing needle sensation, manipulating every 10 minutes;puncture perpendicularly double St36 with needle of 1.5cun,reforcing by lifting, thrusting ,twirling and rotating after developing needle sensation.

针取30号毫针。穴位常规消毒后，用1寸毫针针刺双迎香，针尖朝向鼻根部，得气后行平补平泻法，针感传达至鼻腔中；上星用1寸毫针针刺，针尖朝向前额部，快速捻转，以产生针感为度；以1.5寸毫针直刺双合谷，得气后行平补平泻法，以上三穴每10 min捻针一次，留针30min；以1.5寸毫针直刺足三里，得气后行提插捻转补法，留针30 min。

This paper presents a new rendering algorithm by the contrast between the Flat method, Gouraud method and Phong method, through which the color of each pixel can be figured out under the lighting model after the coordinates and normal of every corresponding point on the 3D-object surface have been calculated from the pixels in the range where the 3D-object is projected onto the photo, in order to provide each pixel a real color and get an image with strongest feeling of reality.

本文在对比研究了真实感图形生成中传统的Flat，Gouraud，Phong等明暗渲染方法后，提出了一种新的明暗渲染方法。在图像平面三维物体的投影范围内，由图像的像素坐标求出物体模型对应点的三维坐标及其法矢，然后对每个像素点根据光照模型来计算其明暗度。这种方法能够最大可能的保证图像中每一像素点明暗度的真实性，从而使所生成的真实感图像更加逼真。

The feeding and excretion of three little fishes (Hemiculter. leucisculus, Tilapia. aurea and Cirrhinus. molitorelld) was studied and their effect on water quality of Qiankeng reservoir in Shenzhen City Around the topdown effect of fish was also studied. Based on the analysis of their stomach contents, their diet composition was assayed. The three fishes" feeding rhythm in cage and their rate of digestion indoor were looked into, and their daily ration was estimated through the method of daily average fullness index. Using the spectrophotometer, the content of chlorophyll a in the stomach was measured, and the feasibility of taking the chlorophyll a as an index of measuring the feeding of fish on phytoplankton was studied. Adopting the national standard method, the effect of the three fishes" excretion on total nitrogen, total phosphorus, CODMn, pH, turbidity and conductivity coefficient was surveyed. The effect of feeding and excretion offish on water quality was discussed and the results revealed as follows:H.

围绕鱼类的下行效应，本文以深圳茜坑水库三种小型鱼类Hemiculter leucisculus罗非鱼Tilapia.aurea和鲮鱼Cirrhmus.molitorella为研究对象，以胃含物分析为基础，分析了三种鱼类的食物组成；调查了网箱中自然状态下三种鱼的摄食节律，在室内调查了三种鱼的食物消化速率，运用日平均饱满指数法计算出三种鱼的日粮；采用分光光度法测定了鱼体肠叶绿素含量，探讨了叶绿素作为鱼类对浮游植物摄食量衡量指标的可行性；采用国家标准的水质测量方法，测定了鱼类排泄对总氮、总磷、高锰酸盐指数、pH、浊度和电导率的影响量。

First, we extract the boundaries between two different materials by weighting with gray-level gradient,and only voxels on these boundaries participate in the generation of each image, so it drastically reduces the rendering time. Second. We think the voxels on boundaries as the mixture of different materials,so in every voxel there is a surface. We use the oriented cube-interpolation technique to get the intersection point of viewing orientation and the surface in the voxel, then compute the surface normal of the intersection point. We use the normal to shade the voxel in order to improve the image quality.

首先，采用灰度梯度加权提取出三维数据场中不同物质间的边界，根据显示的需要只对这些边界上的体元赋予相应的阻光度并进行光亮度合成计算，因而可大大减少计算量，提高显示的速度；将边界上的体元作为不同物质的混合体，采用与方向有关的三线性插值来计算视线方向与体素内等值面的交点，根据交点的法向量进行光照效应计算以提高显示图像的质量；最后用投影成像法显示最终的图像。

In the process of building up the system, all the following works are done: confirming the index system of the gas pipeline by the maximum quadratic mean deviation analysis, caculating the index weight by the means of AHP, bringing forward three easy and useful methods (TOPSIS, the effect function and the integration index) of the gas pipeline's engineering schemes' multi-valuation and at last the mathematical models of the maximum compatibility degree is introduced to integrate all the results of all methods above.

在构建这个系统的过程中，主要从事了以下一些工作：通过统计理论中的最小均方差法分析确立了输气管道指标体系；采用层次分析法对输气管道指标权重进行了分析计算；提出三种简单易行的用于天然气管道设计方案评价的新方法：理想点法、效用函数法和综合指数法；最后将决策理论中的最大兼容度模型用于输气管设计方案评价中。

Compared with the "three antibodies method", the sensitivity for detection of the signal of Y chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization in brain tissue sections of mice was enhanced significantly by the direct tyramine signal amplification method.

结果 "三步抗体法"在脑切片检测Y染色体阳性信号的灵敏度和特异度分别为85.67％和100％；直接TSA法在脑切片检测Y染色体阳性信号的灵敏度和特异度分别为92.82％和100％。

The conditions to measure accurately and the principles to select parameters of the multi— probes EST method are proposed, and the theoretical research, computer imitation and the experiment on a machine tool prove that these principles and suggestion are necessary and effective. The influence of the initial value errors of the probes, the installation error of the probes system, and the remaining error caused by the radical error motion are analyzed quantitively on the measurement accuracy of the multi—probes EST method. The influence of the error caused by the probe's axes which is not in a plane and the perpendicularity error of the plane which the probe's axes is in to the stational axis are discussed on the measurement results.

结合理论分析，对这些EST方法进行了计算机仿真分析和研究，重点研究了这些方法的应用条件和误差分离精度，所得出的结论是：三测头法EST基本上能实现各项误差的完全分离，适于在位测量使用；二测头法在恰当地选择测头安装角的条件下，可以得到较高测量精度，适于大型零件圆度、圆柱度、径向圆跳动和全跳动的在位测量；对置两测头时域法可以在一定程度上改善单测头法测量精度，但对随机径向误差无能为力；对置两测头频域法存在严重的谐波损失。

Four important conclusions were drawn. First, the CMLE method is the most suitable pro-cedure for parameter estimation in 1-parameter model. Second, the test construction of TIPS guided by classical test theory will not be valid for obtaining reliable measures. Third, the systemmatic ICC presenting method presented the perfect item and ability latent traits for the results in CMLE findings. Fourth, the complicated analysis of reliability coefficient and likeli-hood parameters met the precise and accurate measures of latent traits in either integrated process skills or hypothesizing skills.

本研究四项主要结论如下：一是CMLE确为分析试题潜在结构的量化模式，本文之精心分析过程及分析技术本身即为重要的测验资料分析规范；二是TIPS全卷及试题与原始之评量目标对应关系并未如古典测验理论之分析结果；三是各试题之表徵曲线图示法，显示在同一难易度鉴别度下，CMLE估计法分析确实显现高、中、低能力群之试题及能力特质；四是由信度系数及概度参数分析精准地显示了全卷及形成假说技能之试题参数之潜在特质。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失