三倍体的

The increased number of mitochondria in tetraploids seemed to adapt the demanding of more energy for fecundation in tetraploids because of larger size. 3 Biochemical compositions in gonad and adductor muscle between diploids and triploids in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, during an annual period were examined.

三、对二倍体与三倍体太平洋牡蛎的性腺和闭壳肌生化组分含量2003.4-2004.3的年度变化的分析结果显示：二倍体牡蛎性腺糖原含量在配子发生过程中明显降低，至性腺成熟时降低了78.57%（P＜O.01），繁殖期维持在较低水平上，繁殖期过后逐渐升高，10月份至翌年3月份都保持较高的水平。

Result The results indicated that the optimal medium of shoot inducement for leaf-explant was MS+6-BA 1.00 mg/L+NAA 0.50 mg/L, and the optimal concentration of Kanamycin and Cefotaxime sodium in gene-engineering was 40 and 300 mg/L, respectively. The rootage rate of the reborn bud might reach 82% in MS medium with IBA 0.10 mg/L.

结果］结果表明，三倍体毛白杨最适合的不定芽分化培养基配方为MS+6-BA 1.00 mg/L+NAA 0.50 mg/L；在基因工程中，40 mg/L的卡那霉素为选择性抗生素使用浓度，300 mg/L的头孢霉素为抑菌性抗生素使用浓度；再生的不定芽在MS+IBA 0.10 mg/L固体培养基中生根率可达82%。

In 8 cases, both the results were consistent excepting for minor discrepancies.③In 3 cases, including 2 each with triploidy and tetraploidy respectively, and one with chimeric karyotype of normal/+22, the results from the two methods were discrepant.

CGH与常规R带的分析结果比较可分为三种：①CGH和常规核型分析结果完全一致的有3例；②CGH分析和R带分析从不同角度提供了相对一致信息的有8例；③CGH分析和R带分析结果不一致的有3例，其中2例分别为约三倍体和约四倍体，另1例为正常/＋22嵌合型。

The DNA contents of the majority of multiple pengze crucian carp studied were close to that of tetraploidy, and the DNA contents of the minority of multiple pengze crucian carp were between that of triploid and tetraploidy.

结果显示，复合鲫的DNA含量明显多于母本种彭泽鲫的DNA含量，且所测14尾中多数个体的DNA含量超过或接近四倍体的DNA含量，少数个体的DNA含量介于三倍体和四倍体之间。

The basic diploid number of chromosomes in the family Cobitidae was deemed to 2n=50. The C . sinensis with 2n=40 may originate from the ancestor of the subfamily Cobitidae. The C sinensis with 2n=90 which reserved all of 40 original chromosomes maybe result from heterologous hybridization among some fishes of the subfamily Cobitidae. The C . sinensis with 2n=76 is probably a branch of hybrid offspring.

鳅科鱼类染色体的祖先二倍数是2n=50，2n=40的中华花鳅可能是由类似于泥鳅的2n=50的鳅亚科祖先经罗伯逊易位2n=50→48→40转变而来的。2n=90的中华花鳅保留了初始的40条染色体，它可能是由2n=40的中华花鳅与同为鳅亚科的其它鱼类杂交后演化而来的。2n=76的中华花鳅并非异源三倍体，它可能是杂交后演化的一个分支。

One protein band, which was named as abalone triploid special expression protein, was found to be distinguishingly existed in one to six years old triploid abalone by PAGE analysis. While in Pacific oyster and Zhikong scallop, there is no special expressed protein could be observed among diploid, triploid or tetraploid individuals.

用常规聚丙稀酰胺凝胶电泳技术研究发现皱纹盘鲍的二倍体和三倍体个体中存在稳定的差异表达蛋白质，命名为a-TSP；在长牡蛎的2n、3n、4n之间，及栉孔扇贝的2n和3n之间未获得类似的差异表达蛋白。

Generally, two hybridization events have happened in the generation of gynogenetic crucian carp: the first one occurred about 6, 000 years ago when maternal ancestor of C. a. gibelio hybridized with males of C. a. auratus (ancestor of C. a. colored variety) and a diploid hybrid was produced; the second one happened over 10, 000 years ago, when the diploid hybrid was backcrossed with one of its parental population, by which the current triploid gynogenetic crucian carp emerged.

初步推断出东北雌核生殖银鲫是通过鲫鱼种群间的两次杂交产生的，第一次杂交是母本的银鲫同源种群与父本的彩鲫同源种群杂交，形成二倍体杂种；第二次杂交是二倍体杂种与两个祖先鲫鱼种群之一回交，形成了今天的三倍体杂种银鲫。

The results showed that although 2n pollens had a certain germinatingability,the germinating process of natural and artificia 2n pollens was tardier than that of1n pollens,and 2n pollens had weaker competition in mixed pollination than 1nbreeding practice.

应用这种方法对2n花粉生命力和发育情况进行测定观察发现，尽管2n花粉保持有一定的萌发力，但与1n花粉相比，天然和人工2n花粉的发育进程均较迟缓，在参与授精的竞争中处于劣势，这也正是育种中三倍体得率低的根本原因。

Lycopene content of 33 watermelons materials involved in different flesh color and ploid were determinated by Spectrophotometry in this experiment,the results showed that: lycopene content of the white flesh of watermelon was lowest,the highest content was dark red flesh,among white flesh,orange flesh,golden yellow flesh,pink flesh,red and dark red flesh of watermelon material,There was a positive correlation between lycopene content and flesh color.

采用分光光度法对33个西瓜材料进行茄红素含量的测定，材料涉及不同的瓤色和倍性。结果表明：在白瓤、橙黄瓤、金黄瓤、粉红瓤、红瓤和深红瓤的西瓜材料之间，白瓤西瓜茄红素含量最低，深红瓤西瓜含量最高，茄红素的含量与瓤色大致成正相关。其中深红瓤二倍体西瓜材料中S292、VS8-44的茄红素含量比较高，分别为6.372 mg/100g鲜重和6.350 mg/100g鲜重，三倍体材料中最高的是VS6-19，茄红素含量为6.684 mg/100g鲜重。

The result showed that: 1 Gill epithelium nucleus major-axis size, hemolymph nucleus diameter in the connective tissue of mantle and labial palps were significantly (P＜0.001) larger in triploids than in diploids, no significantly differences were found in rectum epithelium height between diploids and triploids.

另外，通过组织切片、扫描电镜和透射电镜等方法比较了二倍体和三倍体太平洋牡蛎的几种组织器官的细胞大小、鳃的表面结构和鳃的超微结构，二倍体和四倍体精子的超微结构上的差异，旨在为更好的发展多倍体育种技术、探索多倍体的快速生长机制提供理论依据。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。