三价

In the presence of the combination of sulphuric and phosphoric acid, with sodium diphenylamine sulfonate as the indicator, standard solution of potassium dichromate was used to titrate total iron value.

试样以盐酸溶解后，在酸性介质中，先以氯化亚锡将三价铁大部分还原为二价，然后在钨酸钠指示下，再以三氯化钛将剩余的三价铁还原为二价，过量的三氯化钛以重铬酸钾氧化消除干扰，在硫磷混合酸存在下，以二苯胺磺酸钠为指示剂，用重铬酸钾标准溶液滴定全铁量。

The problem that noxious chrome of sexavalence and trivalence is present in the galvanizing coat and passivating solution of the prior art is solved substantially by the passivating solution of the present invention.

本发明提供的无铬钝化液可以从根本上解决了现有的产品镀锌层及钝化液中含有有毒有害的六价铬和三价铬元素的问题，并可真正替代现有的含有六价铬和三价铬的铬酸盐钝化液，实现对电镀锌层和热镀锌层的钝化。

The hazards of hexavalent chromium electroplating, and the benefits of trivalent chromium electroplating were analyzed.

分析了六价铬电镀的危害及三价铬电镀的优点，以及三价铬电镀取代六价铬电镀带来的效益。

Environmental screws (three price white zinc, trivalent black zinc, color zinc trivalent, environmental protection, nickel, green black nickel).

环保螺丝（三价白锌、三价黑锌、三价彩锌、环保镍、环保黑镍）。

The colors of barrel plating are :triatomic chromiumblue/white/colorful/black zinc, chromium with a valence of sixblue/white/colorful/black zinc, pure copper, bright nickel, chemical nickel ,black nickel ,bronze, chromium and so on; the colors of the rack plating are : triatomic chromiumblue/white/colorful/black zinc, chromium with a valence of sixblue/white/colorful/black zinc, pure copper, bright nickel, chemical nickel ,black nickel ,bronze, chromium and so on.

随着市场发展需要，公司电镀生产线迁入博罗县石湾镇，投资设立金城五金电镀厂，总面积 9000平方米，专业加工电镀各种螺丝、五金件，设备齐全，实力雄厚，滚镀的颜色有：三价铬兰/白/彩/黑锌、六价铬兰/白/彩/黑锌、红铜、亮镍、化学镍、枪黑镍、青铜、青古铜、铬等不同颜色，挂镀的颜色有：三价铬兰/白/彩/黑锌、六价铬兰/白/彩/黑锌、红铜、亮镍、化学镍、枪黑镍、青铜、青古铜、铬等颜色，镀种齐全，月生产能力可达 800 余吨。

Theresults indicated that the initial desorption rate of As was higher than As, but thefinal desorption percentage of As was two times higher than As; that in therange of pH(6.5-8.5), the desorption of As was the lowest（pH=6.5）,and thepercentage increased with the pH value increasing or deescalating, but for the As,thepercentage increased with the increase of pH; that the supersonic accelerated desoptionof arsenic and the final percentage was lower than non-supersonic; that on the conditionof UV-light ,in a word, it took negative effect to desorption The"reproduced process"has been used in the procedure of regeneration.

实验结果表明，初始阶段，三价砷的脱附率高于五价砷，但最终脱附率三价砷低于五价砷；三价砷、五价砷在不同温度下的脱附实验表明三价砷的最佳脱附温度低于五价砷的最佳脱附温度；在pH=5.5-8.5时，随着pH的增大，五价砷的脱附率具有先减小再增大的趋势，在pH为6.5时脱附率降至最小；在pH=5.5-8.5时，三价砷的脱附率随pH的增大而增大；不论是三价砷还是五价砷的脱附过程，超声波条件都会促进脱附速率(来源：ecABC论a4文网www.abclunwen.com)的增加，并且最终的脱附率要高于无超声波条件下的脱附率；紫外光照条件下，随着光照时间的增加，两种价态砷的脱附率会达到一个较高的值，再降低。总体而言，紫外光照的存在不利于脱附的进行。

In this paper, the stable Au complexes are classified according to the coordination atoms and their characteristic structure. The recent development of the researches on the antitumor activity of Au complexes including the structure-activity relationship, biological targets and the mechanisms of action are reviewed. The structure of the coordination ligand and the leaving group have great impact on the in vitro cytotoxicity of the Au complex. Many physical and biological methods are introduced to study the interaction between the Au complexes and the suspected bio-target, such as DNA, protein, mitochondrion, thio-containing biomolecules, etc. The interaction modes (intercalating, electrostatic interaction, covalent bonding, etc.) are focused to illustrate the reason for the antitumor activity of Au complexes.

本文按配位原子的不同总结了稳定三价金配合物的结构特征，按其生物活性的构效关系、生物靶点和作用机制综述了三价金配合物抗肿瘤活性研究的最新成果：配体的结构特点以及离去基团对三价金配合物的体外细胞毒性影响较大；介绍了用于检测三价金配合物与可能的生物靶分子之间的相互作用的多种物理和生物学方法，重点关注了相互作用的模式，如嵌入/静电吸引/共价结合等，并解释了三价金配合物抗肿瘤活性的原因。

In this paper, the stable Au complexes are classified according to the coordination atoms and their structural characteristics. The recent development of the researches on the antitumor activity of Au complexes including the structure-activity relationships, biological targets and the mechanisms of action are reviewed. The structure of the coordination ligand and the leaving group have great impact on the in vitro cytotoxicity of the Au complex. Many physical and biological methods are introduced to study the interaction between the Au complexe and the suspected bio-target, such as DNA, protein, mitochondrion, thio-containing biomolecules, etc. The interaction modes (intercalating, electrostatic interaction, covalent bonding, etc.) are focused to illustrate the reason for the antitumor activity of Au complexes.

本文按配位原子的不同总结了稳定三价金配合物的结构特征，按其生物活性的构效关系、生物靶点和作用机制综述了三价金配合物抗肿瘤活性研究的最新成果：配体的结构特点以及离去基团对三价金配合物的体外细胞毒性影响较大；介绍了用于检测三价金配合物与可能的生物靶分子之间相互作用的多种物理和生物学方法，重点关注了相互作用的模式，如嵌入/静电吸引/共价结合等，并解释了三价金配合物抗肿瘤活性的原因。

The genes of hammerhead ribozymes targeting against two and three sites on negative strand of potato spindle tuber viroid were designed, synthesized and cloned according to the action manner of hammerhead ribozyme.

根据锤头型核酶的作用模式，设计、合成并克隆了特异切割马铃薯纺锤形块茎类病毒负链RNA不同区域位点的双价和三价锤头型核酶基因。通过体外转录，将PSTVd负链RNA分别与双价和三价核酶混合，37℃温育 2h。

The formal potentials in cyclic voltammograms of these 3+ valence complexes are followed: Co〓-TPPS (-0.08V )＞Fe〓TPPS (-0.14V)＞Mn〓-TPPS (-0.23V). The electrochemical reaction of Mn〓-TPPS is reversible, and both of Co〓-TPPS and Fe〓-TPPS are quasi-reversible. The standard heterogeneous rate constants of Co〓-TPPS and Fe〓-TPPS were determined to be 1. 4×10〓cm/s and 1.4×10〓cm/s respectively. The rates of electrode reaction are as followed: Mn〓-TPPS＞Co〓-TPPS＞Fe〓-TPPS, e.i. Mn〓-TPPS is the most easily oxidized by the dissolved oxygen, and Fe〓-TPPS is oxidized slower than Co〓-TPPS. Ni〓-TPPS can not be oxidized. It is considered that oxygen plays an important role in the valence change of central metal atom and the rate of electron transfer in some metalloporphyrins.

三价金属卟啉络合物在循环伏安图上可得到三价到二价的还原和氧化响应，电极电位从大到小排列为：Co〓-TPPS(-0.08V)＞Fe〓-TPPS(-0.14V)＞Mn〓-TPPS(-0.23V)，电极反应可逆性也不相同，Mn〓-TPPS是可逆过程，Co〓-TPPS、Fe〓-TPPS是准可逆过程，实验测得Co〓-TPPS的标准电极反应速率常数ks＝1.4×10〓cm/s，Fe〓-TPPS的ks＝1.4×10〓cm/s，电极反应的速率从大到小为：Mn〓-TPPS＞Co〓-TPPS＞Fe〓-TPPS，即Mn〓-TPPS最容易被溶解氧所氧化，Fe〓-TPPS被氧化的速度最慢，Ni〓-TMPyP不能被氧化，因此我们认为溶解氧对金属卟啉中心离子的价态和电子转移速率起着重要作用。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。