三

In the next three chapters, the author makes the specific study nonacademic transition of Late Qing Dynasty from three points of view. They are the status and function of "Zhu Mu Da Wen" in that period, the significance and value of the change from Shuyuan to Xuetang, and the emergence of the copyright and modern intellectual in China.

在接下来的三章中，作者选择了三个视角来对晚清学术转型问题进行具体的研究，这三个问题是：《书目答问》在近代学术转型过程中的地位和作用，书院改学堂对于晚清学术转型的意义和价值，版权问题与现代知识分子的兴起。

Methods: Fifty-fix adolescents were chosen and divided into first premolar extraction and nonextraction groups, with 30 and 26 patients respectively. The pretreatment and posttreatment panoramic radiographs were taken. The indexes of third molar eruption space, distance from third molar to occlusal plane and the length of mandible were measured and analyzed.

选择56例上下颌第三磨牙均存在的患者进行方丝弓正畸治疗，按照第一前磨牙拔除与否分为拔牙组（30例）和非拔牙组（26例），利用术前术后曲面断层片对患者上下颌第三磨牙萌出间隙、第三磨牙与胎平面的距离以及下颌长度进行测量分析。

However, it is just the western democracy, the root cause, that decides the inevitable result instead of accidental one that Kuomintang lost its power in Taiwan. But, why so soon? Why the result is so extremely cruel to Kuomintang? The answers lie in the followed Chapter Two, Three and Four:the first is the grow-up of anti-Kuomintang movement and the nonofficeholding dissertations of democratic party; the second is the dirty-money politics of the democratic party, local ingroups and the practice of bribery at elections; the third is the populism of Li Denghui, the three break-ups of Kuomintang and the influence of election system on election result.

当然西方式的民主制度决定了国民党将政权交出是必然而非偶然的结果，也是其根本原因，但为何这么快﹖结果这么惨﹖在第二﹑第三及第四章可总结出以下几个加速和惨跌的原因：一是台湾反对运动的崛起与民进党的「在野论述」；二是国民党的「黑金政治」﹑地方派系与贿选；三是李登辉的「民粹主义」与国民党党内的三次分裂和选举制度本身对选举结果的影响。

The peony duplicate leaf has stretches out straight in front of oneself, slanting extends the different shape, after the general stem is long four handles stems, only then can have the bud appearance, each handle stem leaf has three groups of three leaf blades productions, constitutes three forks nine peonies to have stands erect, half development, develops three kind of shapes, the flower bud has the circle, oblately, the point round, long sharp circle Zhu Xing?

牡丹复叶有平伸、斜伸不同形态，一般枝梗长出四柄梗后，才会有蓓蕾出现，每柄梗叶有三组三顶叶片生成，构成三叉九顶。牡丹有直立、半开展、开展三种株形，花蕾有圆、扁圆、尖圆、长尖圆诸形。

New Zealand white rabbits (3-4 months old, 3-4 kg weight) were the test animals, and they were divided into three groups proceeding in this study. In group A:One PLLA screw and one commercial screw were implanted in the right tibia. Two PLLA screws were implanted in the left. Furthermore, one PLLA bar was implanted in both right and left tibia respectively with onlay model in group B. Also,one PLLA plate was implanted in the left tibia and one commercial plate in the right respectively with onlay model in group C . Many tests were done on each sample in 1, 4, 8 and 12 weeks which included the observation of tissue response in group A, and the change of three-points bending, weight loss, molecular weight, crystallinity and morphology of fracture surface by scanning electronic microscopyin group B, and the change of three-points bending, weight loss and molecular weight in group C.

所使用实验动物为24只3-4个月大，体重3-4公斤的纽西兰兔，并将所使用材料及动物分为A、B、C三组进行。A组中於实验兔之右胫骨植入两支骨钉，一支为自制骨钉，一支为MacroPore市售骨钉，并钻一孔但不植入骨钉做为控制组；另於实验兔之左胫骨植入两支自制骨钉，另标示一区不钻孔不植入骨钉做为控制组。B组采用onlay1 模式於实验兔之左右胫骨各植入一自制长型片。C组也采用onlay模式於实验兔之左胫骨植入一自制骨板，於右胫骨植入一市售骨板，各於不同时间点( 1， 4及12周)将A及C组，而於( 1，4，8及12周)将B组内的植入物取出进行各种测试，包括A组的组织切片观察及B组的三点弯曲变化、质量损失、分子量变化、结晶度变化及扫描式电子显微镜观察断面型态改变及C组的三点弯曲变化、质量损失、分子量变化。

These salts can beprepared on treatment of phosphinimines with trifluoroaceticanhydride. After addition-elimination, triflromethylated β-enaminoesters and β-iminoesters were synthesized by thereaction of the above salts with organozinc reagents.

通过膦亚胺和三氟乙酸酐反应制备了N-三氟乙酰基氨基膦盐，该膦盐和锌试剂发生加成-消除反应后，合成了含有三氟甲基的β-烯胺酯和β-亚胺酯。

Methods The patients were devided into three groups: abortion using parametrium nerve block anesthesia group, traditional abortion group and medical abortion group with 80 cases in each group.

回顾性分析，分别将采用宫旁神经阻滞麻醉下人工流产手术，传统人工流产手术和药物流产三种方法终止妊娠的早孕妇女分成三组，每组80例，观察三组流产过程中腹痛情况，阴道流血时间及完全流产率等指标。

About tetra-n-butyl ammonium polyiodides: triiodide and pentaiodide anions are the basic building blocks; heptaiodide anion and undecaiodide anion are composed by triiodide anion, and nonaiodide anion is composed by pentaiodide anion. Therefore the character of triiodide, heptaiodide and undecaiodide polyiodides is similar, and that of pentaiodide and nonaiodide polyiodides is similar.

正四丁基多碘化铵化合物中：碘三离子和碘五离子是基本的结构单元，碘七离子和碘十一离子是由碘三离子构成的，碘九离子是由碘五离子构成的，所以碘三、碘七和碘十一形式的高聚碘具有相似的性质，碘五和碘九形式的高聚碘具有相似的性质。

The following conclusions have been gotten from a large amount of experiments and determinations: Triiodide, pentaiodide, heptaiodide, nonaiodide, undecaiodide of solid tetra-n-butyl ammonium polyiodides and tetrabutyl ammonium bromide polyiodides can be synthesized by solid phase process which is a economic easy way, while its not suitable for synthesizing solid tetramethyl ammonium polyiodides; Solution polyiodides of triiodide, pentaiodide can be synthesized through the complexation process, and TX-10 is a better complexing agent; Triiodide, pentaiodide, heptaiodide resinic polyiodides were synthesized by ion-exchange of resinifying process, and that is a viable easy way.

在大量实验和分析的基础上，可得到以下结论：用固相法可以合成出碘三、碘五、碘七、碘九和碘十一形式的正四丁基多碘化铵固体高聚碘和四丁基多碘化溴化铵固体高聚碘系列化合物，是制备高聚碘的经济、方便的合成方法，但此法对合成四甲基多碘化铵固体高聚碘系列化合物并不适用；TX-10是合成溶液高聚碘较佳的络合剂，通过其络合作用可以合成出碘三和碘五形式的溶液高聚碘；采用树脂法，通过离子交换，合成出了碘三、碘五和碘七形式的树脂高聚碘，此法简单可行。

Surgical procedures included eight proximal pancreatectomies, three total pancreatectomies, nine distal pancreatectomies, and three tumor enucleations from the pancreatic head. Three patients had superior mesenteric vein reconstruction, six had liver resection, one had an extended periaortic node dissection, 11 had splenectomy, and one had left nephrectomy.

手术的过程包括8个近端的胰脏切除，三个全胰脏切除，九个末梢的胰脏切除，和三个进行肿瘤切除，三个患者有较佳的中肠静脉重建术，六名进行肝脏再切除，一名患者有广泛的进大主动脉节切除，1人进行脾脏切除，一名患者进行左肾切除术。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。