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When I presided over the ASEM Summit, I heard the leader of a developing country say that sometimes it is much easier for some developed countries to approve an investment program involving hundreds of billions of dollars than allocate funding to support developing countries in Catti 三笔论坛:http://www.klkids.cn/ask/en 三笔论坛: 17 2009 年中英文对照文字版:来自 Catti 三笔论坛:http://www.klkids.cn/ask/en 中英文对照文字版三笔论坛: meeting the MDGs.

我曾经在主持亚欧首脑会议的时候听到一位发展中国家领导人的发言，他说，一些发达国家数千亿美元的投资很容易通过，但是支持发展中国家千年发展目标的资金至今得不到落实。因此我特别强调，千年发展目标一定不要改变。

ABSTRACT This thesis is aimming at the synthetic study of Cephalotaxine, and consists of the following three parts: Charpter 1 reviews the isolation, chemical structure identification, biological activities, and synthetic studies of structurally unique antileukemia Cephalotaxus alkaloids.

本论文以三尖杉碱的全合成新方法为研究的核心，共分以下三部分内容：第一章简要地概述了天然三尖杉生物碱的分离、结构及生理活性，三尖杉碱的全合成研究。

The synthesis of 4,5,7-trichloroquinoline makes use of ethyl orthoformate, cyanoacetic ester and 3,5-dichloroaniline as the raw materials. The synthesis is completed by four steps: condensation, cyclization, hydrolyzation and chlorination. Several conditions concerned in the process are studied, the whole yield of 4,5,7-trichloroquinoline is about 53%, and the purity of it is about 96%. All the products are testified by IR, NMR and HPLC.

介绍了以3，5-二氯苯胺、原甲酸三乙酯和氰乙酸乙酯为原料，经过缩合、成环、水解和氯代4步反应制备4，5，7-三氯喹啉的方法，对相关的试验条件进行了考察，通过红外光谱、核磁共振谱和液相色谱对4，5，7-三氯喹啉的结构和纯度进行表征和测定，试验结果为4，5，7-三氯喹啉的纯度大于96%，总收率达到53%。

A small molecule core (TMP-SK3)with three terminal carboxyl groups was synthesized successfully by the reaction of 1,1,1-trihydroxymethylpropane with the excessive sebacic acid diacetic anhydride.

以1，1，1-三羟甲基丙烷与过量癸二酸二乙酸酐反应，制得了端羧基的三官能度小分子核三癸二酸三羟甲基丙烷酯（TMP-SK3）。

There are experimental results as follows:(1) Eriophorum comosum Nees shows strong cold resistance in plasmalemma permeability research. The lethal temperature of Eriophorum comosum Nees is the lowest LT_(50 in comparison with another two plants and is lower than -11.5℃ in August 2005 and December 2005; Soluble protein content of each plant is rising before or after cold hardiness. By SDS-PAGE, Protein band is analysed. Band quantity of Eriophorum comosum Nees is the most and its band color is darkest.(2) Soluble sugar content of three plants after cold hardiness are higher than before cold hardiness, moreover soluble sugar content after cold hardiness shows a decline and there is a narrow range in Eriophorum comosum Nees; Free Proline accumulation is changed by cold stress, and cold resistance is relative to free Proline accumulation; chlorophyll content of both three plants, including chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a/b, show a decline tendency along with the descent of temperature. Cynodon dactylon is highly sensitive to cold stress.(3) The soil POD and urease activities' absolute value of Erioophorum comosum Nees and Pogonatherum panideumHack were more than that of Cynodon dactylon before or after low temperature stress, especially POD activities.

实验结果表明：(1)在膜透性的研究中，丛毛羊胡子草抗寒性最强，采用电导率法测得半致死温度LT_(50最低，丛毛羊胡子草抗寒锻炼前后半致死温度LT_(50均小于-11.5℃；在可溶性蛋白含量研究中，抗寒锻炼前后三种植物的可溶性蛋白含量均增加，同时采用SDS-PAGE法，通过对蛋白条带分析，以丛毛羊胡子草条带数最多且着色深；(2)在可溶性糖的研究中，三种植物经抗寒锻炼后叶片可溶性糖含量都比抗寒锻炼前高，且经过抗寒锻炼后三种植物可溶性糖均呈下降趋势，丛毛羊胡子草可溶性糖含量下降较小；从游离脯氨酸含量可知，低温的胁迫影响了植物叶片游离脯氨酸的含量变化，植物的抗寒性与游离脯氨酸有关；低温胁迫下三种植物叶绿素含量随着温度的下降，叶绿素含量、叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素a／b均呈下降趋势，狗牙根对低温胁迫最为敏感；(3)低温锻炼前后，丛毛羊胡子草和金发草的土壤过氧化物酶与脲酶活性的绝对值均大于狗牙根的，特别是过氧化物酶，说明丛毛羊胡子草和金发草的酶活性大于狗牙根的。

To synthesize the octreotide, Phe-Leu-Glu-Glu-Leu and C_(15)H_(31)-CO-Lys-Thr -Thr-Lys-Ser peptides, the strategies are as followings: Fmoc- group as protective group for α-NH_2; TBTU, DIEA and HOBt as coupling reagent; and ethanedithiol -phenol - thioanisole - H_2O - TFA ( 2.5:5:5:5:82.5 , V/V ) as cleaving solution.

采用Fmoc固相合成法，以苯并三哗四甲基脲四氟硼酸盐、二异丙基乙胺和1-羟基苯骈三氮唑为缩合剂；苯酚—乙二硫醇—苯甲硫醚—水—三氟乙酸(5：5：2.5：5：82.5，V/V)为切割试剂，合成了奥曲肽、Phe-Leu-Glu-Glu-Leu及C_(15)H_(31)-CO-Lys-Thr-Thr-Lys-Ser三种小分子多肽，并对奥曲肽的合成规模进行了放大。

The main products are as follows: Pharmaceutical Intermediate, Trimethyl Orthoformate , Triethyl Orthoformate, Sodium Methoxide, Power and solution Ethoxide,α-Chloropropionyl Chloride, Acetyl Chloride. Shandong Xinhua Junli Chemical Co.,Ltd.

公司主要产品为医药中间体，原甲酸三甲酯、原甲酸三乙酯、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、α-氯代丙酰氯、乙酰氯，其中原甲酸三甲酯、原甲酸三乙酯是国内唯一采用金属钠法工艺生产的企业。

The mechanical characteristics of the foam filled 3-D spacer fabric composites under flatwise compressive , shear and three point s flexural loads were compared with 3-D spacer fabric composites and foamsandwich composites , and the effect s of pile height and foam density on the mechanical properties were investigated.

将三维间隔连体织物泡沫夹层结构平压、剪切和三点弯曲载荷作用下的力学特性与三维间隔连体织物复合材料、传统泡沫夹层结构复合材料进行了对比分析，在此基础上，考察了芯柱高度、泡沫密度对复合材料平压、剪切、三点弯曲性能的影响。

Novel phosphazene cyclomatrix network polymers were synthesized via nucleophilic displacement of activated nitro groups of tri (4-nitrophenoxy)tri cyclotriphosphazene and hexa cyclotriphosphazene with the hydroxyls of bisphenol A.

以三对硝基苯氧基三苯氧基环三膦腈和六对硝基苯氧基环三膦腈为主要单体，采用活性硝基亲核取代的方法，合成了一类新的环簇膦腈聚合物。

Novel phosphazene cyclomatrix network polymers were synthesized via nucleophilic displacement of activated nitro groups of tri (4-nitrophenoxy) tri cyclotriphosphazene and hexa (p-nitrophenoxy) cyclotriphosphazene with the hydroxyls of bisphenol A.

以三对硝基苯氧基三苯氧基环三膦腈和六对硝基苯氧基环三膦腈为主要单体，采用活性硝基亲核取代的方法，合成了一类新的环簇膦腈聚合物。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。