丁烷

Under these conditions, the dependence of the iC4 conversion to MTBE on the reboil ratio follows the same trend as its dependence on the reflux ratio.

在这些条件下，依赖的丁烷转化为甲基叔丁基醚的reboil比例如下相同的趋势，因为它依赖回流比。

The results show that the SAPO–5 has a pillar-like morphology with the size of about 20 μm×5 μm×5 μm.The ratio of P:Al:Si is 1:1.19:0.67 in its crystal structure, the content of Si is high. The total acidimety fo the SAPO–5 is 578.0 μmol/g , hihger than that of prepared by one step crystalline hydrothermal method.And its initial catalysis character performance on normal butane isomerization reaction reach 24.8 %, higher than that of prepared by one step crystalline hydrothermal method.

实验结果表明：产物为柱状的磷酸硅铝分子筛，其晶粒尺寸大约为20 μm×5 μm×5 μm，其晶体结构中P：Al：Si＝1：1.19：0.67，硅含量较高；采用分段晶化方式制备的SAPO-5分子筛的总酸量为578.0 μmol/g高于一段晶化方式制备的SAPO-5分子筛的总酸量；采用分段晶化生成的SAPO-5分子筛的催化正丁烷异构化反应初始活性可达到24.8 %，远高于一段晶化制备的SAPO-5分子筛的初始活性14.1 %。

Butane ; isomerization ; dehydroisomerization ; AlPO 11; SAPO 11; metal containing molecular sieve

正丁烷；异构化；异构脱氢； AlPO-11分子筛； SAPO-11分子筛；杂原子分子筛

To economize cost of S03H-functionalized ionic liquids,extend their range of application in chemistry reaction,fifteen of ionic liquids have been synthesized by using methylimidazole,tri-alkylamine,pyridine with industrial materials 1,4-butane-sultone and 1,3-propane sultone as source in this paper.The ionic liquids were synthesized by tri-alkylamine have not been reported and yields are higher than 98%.

为了降低SO_3H-功能化离子液体的成本，使其应用范围更加广泛，本论文利用N-甲基咪唑、三烷基胺、吡啶和廉价工业级原料1，3-丙烷磺内酯、1，4-丁烷磺内酯为原料来源，合成十五种SO_3H-功能化离子液体，三甲胺为原料合成的SO_3H-功能化离子液体还未见文献报道，收率大于98%。

The p-tert-butyl calix arene (n=4,6,8) were synthesized by p-tert-butyl phenol, formaldehyde aqueous solution as raw materials. Six kinds of calixarene oligomeric surfactants were prepared by etherification of the calix arene with 1,3-propane sultone and 1,4-butane sultone.

以对叔丁基苯酚、甲醛为主要原料合成杯芳烃母体对叔丁基杯芳烃(n=4，6，8)；以1，3-丙烷磺内酯、1，4-丁烷磺内酯为醚化试剂，经Williamson醚化反应，合成出6种杯芳烃基低聚表面活性剂。

When there were two kinds of active sites with different properties, isobutene were formed on one kind of active site, and then, spilled over to the other active sites, reacting to MAL, isobutene forming as the final product was restrained, and the oxygenates yield was increased.

当催化剂表面存在相邻的两种化学性质不同活性位时，异丁烷在一种活性位上生成异丁烯后，异丁烯可能在催化剂表面迁移到另一种活性位上，继续反应生成甲基丙烯醛或甲基丙烯酸，这抑制了异丁烯作为产物从反应器中流出，并提高含氧有机物收率。

In contrast, the sulfated content of the catalyst was 1.45% after 24 h digestion refluxing.

而经水热回流处理24h制备的催化剂样品硫质量分数为1.45%，在正丁烷异构化反应中显示出优异的催化性能，250℃下的稳态转化率大于46%，接近该条件的平衡转化率。

Besides, n-butyl and sec-butyl tosylate that are difficult for oxidative addition can react with phenylmagnesium bromide to form corresponding cross-coupling products. Primary alkyl halide which contains β-hydrogen and is relatively hard to undergo the reaction , n-butyl chloride for instance, can react with aryl Grignard reagents in the presence of NiB alloy as well.

此外，难以进行氧化加成的对甲苯磺酸正丁酯和对甲苯磺酸仲丁酯可以与苯基溴化镁作用生成相应的交叉偶联产物；反应相对困难的含β-H的伯卤烷，如：正氯丁烷也可以在NiB催化下与芳基格氏试剂发生偶联。

Wedgeplug O-Seal plug valves with their positive, no-leak features are not only recommended as the best general purpose valves for handling hydrocarbons, vegetable oils, solvents, etc., but are ideal for such tough service as butane, propane, butadiene, acetone, ethyl alcohol, ammonia, anhydrous ammonia, benzene, vinyl chloride, dry chlorine, Dowtherm, ethane, ethylene, hydrogen chloride, napthalene, oxygen, hydrogen, phthalic anhydride, dry phosgene, phosphoric acid, potassium carbonate, styrene, molten sulphur, sulphur dichloride and related services within a temperature range from -300oF to + 450oF within pressure limits of the valves.

楔塞O形密封旋塞阀具有积极的、无泄漏特性，不但是最好的通用的阀门，用于处理碳化氢，植物油，溶剂等，还特别适用于严酷的应用环境，如丁烷，丙烷，丁二烯，丙酮，乙醇，氨，无水氨，苯，氯乙烯，干氯，道氏热载体，乙烷，乙烯，氯化氢，萘，氧，氢，邻苯二甲酸酐，干碳酰氯，磷酸，碳酸钾，苯乙烯，融化硫，二氯化硫，以及温度在-184oC至232oC之间，压力在阀门额定压力等级范围内的有关应用。

Due to the ring strain and Lewis acid character, silacyclobutanes and silacyclobutenes can undergo ring expansion reactions to afford five- and six-membered silacycles, or ring opening to give organosilicon molecules and materials as well as fulfill organic transformations under very mild conditions.

硅杂环丁烷和硅杂环丁烯由于存在环张力和具有一定的Lewis酸性，能够通过扩环反应生成五元和六元含硅杂环化合物，也能够通过开环反应生成不同结构的有机硅分子和聚合物，抑或实现有机反应在温和条件下的转化。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。