丁烯酸

Sucrose, Glucose Syrup, Apple Pectin, Fumaric Acid, Natural Flavors and Colors (annatto, black carrot juice concentrate, berry juice concentrate and tumeric). L'il Critters Groovy Calcium Gummy Bears are sprinkled with fumaric acid, citric acid and sucrose crystals for a delicious sour flavor.

蔗糖，葡萄糖糖浆，苹果果胶，富马酸，天然风味和颜色(红木，黑色浓缩胡萝卜汁，浆果浓缩汁等) L'il 小熊钙片表面撒满反丁烯二酸类的酸，柠檬酸和蔗糖晶体，因此具有美妙的酸甜口味。

PVC resin, PTFE resin, fumaric acid, anthraquinone, nitroanthraquinone, paraaminophenol, melamine, cyanuric acid, sulfanilic acid, chemical inhibitor 168, azoic coupling component As, stearate, aniline, nitroaniline, pentaerythritol, chlorcosane, sodium calcium, triethylene diamine, sodium benzene sulphinate, m-phthalic acid, thiourea, aniline black dyestuffs, acid dyestuff, etc.

聚氯乙烯树脂、聚四氟乙烯树脂、反丁烯二酸、蒽醌、硝基蒽醌、对氨基苯酚、三聚氰胺、氰尿酸、对氨基苯磺酸、抗氧剂168、色酚As、硬脂酸盐、苯胺、硝基苯胺、双季戊四醇、氯？？？腊、甲酸钙、三乙烯二胺、苯亚磺酸钠、间苯二甲酸、二甲酯五磺酸钠、硫脲、油溶性苯胺黑染料、酸性黑染料等有机化工原料和中间体。

The synthesis path of 2-phosphono-butane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid is studied by using alkyl phosphate,butendioic acid dialklesters and methyl acrylate with the catalyst of sodium methylate.

论文摘要本文以亚磷酸二甲酯，顺丁烯二酸二甲酯，丙烯酸甲酯为原料，甲醇钠为催化剂，合成了 2-膦酸丁烷-1，2，4-三羧酸并对中间物及产物进行了 IR、13C，31P 核磁，MS 表征。

Given the known reaction mechanism and general chemical considerations, we propose that nicotine, when used as the carbon source by P. putida J5, is catabolized to pyruvic acid via pyrrolidine pathway and then participates in the synthesis of vitamin pantothenate and CoA, which supply the energy for the normal functioning.

通过对突变位点基因的功能分析推测，假单胞杆菌可以将尼古丁代谢为2，5-二羟基吡啶，而2，5-二羟基吡啶可以进一步转化为丁烯二酸和丙酮酸，进而参与了泛酸和 CoA 的合成，为生理代谢提供基质。

The results showed that there were 8 kinds of aliphatic, 5 kinds of esters, 2 kinds of aldehydes, 2 kinds of nitrogen sulfur heterocyclic rings and one kind of hydrocarbon, alcoholics, ketone, lactones respectively in the analyzed 21 kinds of aroma components, and the content of furfural,β-methyl valeric acid, palmitic acid, nicotine, neohytadiene were higher, next were acetyl ethyl propionate, caleric acid, phenyl ethyl acetate, hydroxylic diethyl succinate.

结果表明，在分析出的21种香气成分中，分别有脂肪酸类8种，酯类5种，醛类2种，氮硫杂环类2种，烃类、醇类、酮类、内酯类各l种，其中相对含量较高的物质成分是糠醛、β-甲基戊酸、十六碳酸、烟碱、新植二烯，其次是乙酰丙酸乙酯、异戊酸、苯乙酸乙酯、羟基丁二酸二乙酯等。

ConclusionThe main components of essential oils are 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) phenol (4.4%), tetradecanoic acid (6.96%), n-hexadecanoic acid (7.69%), 9,12-cctadecadienoic acid (6.37%), hexadecanoic acid-2-hydroxy-1- ethyl ester (4.79%) and octadecanoic acid-2-hydroxy-1- ethyl ester (4.77%), respectively.

结论阿给炭挥发油的主要成分为2，4-二树丁基苯酚（4.4％）、十四酸（6.96％）、n-十六酸（7.69％）、-9，12-十八碳二烯酸（6.37％）、软脂酸-2-羟基-1-羟甲基乙酯（4.79％）、硬脂酸-2-羟基-1-羟甲基乙酯（4.77％）。

Water, C12-20 acid PEG-8 ester, hydrogenated polysobutene, petrolatum, dicaprylyl maleate, hydrogenated vegetable oil, propylene glycol, acetylated lancolin, glycoprrotiens,panax ginseng root extract,equisetum arvense extract, carbomer, butyrospermum parkill fruit, potassium cetyl phosphate, triethanolamine, hypericum perforatum extract, malva sylvestris extract, methylparaben, glycerin, urea, saccharide hydrolysate, magnesium aspartate, glycine, alanine, creatine, propylparaben, ethlparaben, imidazolidinyl urea, polyperfluoromethylisopropyl ether, fragrance

水，C12-20 酸 PEG-8酯，氢化聚异丁烯，凡士林，马来酸二辛酯，氢化植物油，丙二醇，乙醯化羊毛脂，糖蛋白，人参根萃取，问荆萃取，卡波姆，乳木果，鲸蜡醇磷酸酯钾，三乙醇胺，金丝桃萃取，锦葵萃取，羟苯甲酯，甘油，尿素，水解糖，天门冬酸镁，甘氨酸，丙氨酸，肌酸，羟苯丙酯，羟苯乙酯，尿素醛，聚全氟甲基异丙基醚，香料

Hydroesterification of tert-butyl alcohol with ethanol catalyzed by transition metal triphenylphosphine complexes were investigated in room temperature ionic liquids as reaction medium at 100-140℃ and 3-6MPa of CO.

首次在超强酸氯铝酸离子液体中实现了饱和烷烃的羰化反应。发现2，2，4-三甲基戊烷可直接与CO反应，产物叔丁基异丁基酮，叔丁基异丁烯基酮和3，3，5-三甲基环己酮。

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the load carrying and antiwear properties of bismuth dibutyldithiocarbamate,bis-dibutyldithiocarbamates(V7723),sulfurized isobutylene,molybdenum ester non sulfur and phosphorus in a mineral oil respectively and their synergistic effects.

利用四球试验机评价了二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸铋与二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸酯(V7723)、硫化异丁烯和非硫磷钼酸酯添加剂的极压和抗磨性能，以及它们之间的极压和抗磨协同作用。

The degradation of 2, 4-dichiorophoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) by ozonation combined with sonication (03/US) was investigated. Based on the authors' first paper about the synergistic effect of ozone and US, this paper presents intermediate products of 2, 4-D degradation. The main intermediates were 2, 4-dichiorophenol, benzopuinone, hydroquinone and organic acids, such as maleic acid and oxalic acid and soon.

利用臭氧超声波联合工艺对苯氧羧酸类除草剂2，4-D进行降解研究，在前文探讨臭氧超声波之间协同效应的基础上，确定其中间产物种类主要有2，4-二氯苯酚、苯醌、氢醌以及小分子酸如顺丁烯二酸、草酸、甲酸、乙酸等。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。