丁基

Copolymers with the naphthoyimine chromophores were firstly obtained through Pd-catalyzed Heck reaction. The copolymers had good solubility in common solvents due to the presence of alkoxyl substituents in the molecular chains.

在钯催化下利用Heck耦合反应制备了以萘酰亚胺为发色团的共聚物，通过侧链上引入丁氧基醚链，使得聚合物具有很好的溶解度，能溶解在常用有机溶剂中。

One synthetic strategy started fromγ-butyrolactone 38, from which a cyclohexadiene intermediate 30 was prepared in an overall yield of 44% in a 7-step procedure after y-butyrolactone underwent a-bromination, dehydrobromination, Diels-Alder reaction, aminolysis, benzylation, bromination and dehydrobromination, with the key step being the Diels-Alder reaction under harsh condition.

其中一个路线从γ-丁内酯38开始，连续经过α-溴化、脱溴化氢、Diels-Alder反应、胺解、苄基化、溴化和脱溴化氢共7步反应，制备了一个环己二烯衍生物30，总产率44％，关键步骤是高温高压下Diels-Alder反应。

C. Antioxidizer and light stabilizer: the antioxidizer has many varieties, including antioxidizer 3114, BHT, antioxidizer 1010, antioxidizer 1076, Tiunin 770, TPP, TNP; the additive amount is usually below 20mg/kg.

c、抗氧剂和光稳定剂：抗氧剂的种类很多，抗氧剂3114，BHT，抗氧剂1010，抗氧剂1076，Tiunvin 770，TPP，TNP，添加量一般在20mg/kg 以下。2－羟基－4－正丁锌氧基二苯甲酮为紫外光吸收剂。

Two kinds of ashless and non-phosphorus additives, hydroxyl-containing dithiocarbamate derivatives were prepared.

合成了2-乙羟基-吗啡啉二硫代氨基甲酸酯和2-乙羟基-二正丁胺基二硫代氨基甲酸酯两种添加剂。

Stamens as many as or 2 × as many as sepals; anthers versatile or sometimes basifixed; pollen shed singly or in tetrads or polyads.

雄蕊同数或2 *同数萼片；有时的花药丁字着的或基着；花粉室单一或四个或多个。

An acrylic resin was synthesized by the radical copolymerization with methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and methacrylic acid monomers in solution using benzoperoxide as initiator. Appropriate parameters of monomer ratio, monomer concentration, solvent, and reaction temperature were found by experiment.

以过氧化二苯甲酰为引发剂，采用溶液聚合合成了甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸树脂，通过实验确定了自由基共聚合适宜的单体配比、单体浓度、引发剂浓度、溶剂以及反应的升温速度。

The target compound 1 was successfully prepared via esterification, reduction, bromization and cyanation processes by using L--malic acid (2), which is an inexpensive and easily available starting material. The overall yield was 56.7%.

以廉价、易得的L--苹果酸为起始原料，经酯化、还原、溴代和氰化四步反应得到目标化合物-4-氰基-3-羟基丁酸乙酯，合成总收率为56.7%。

Study on an efficient process for the preparation of trifloxystrobin starting from 2-methylacetophenone bypartial oxidation,esterification,reaction with methoxyamine,bromization and condensation with 3'- acetophenone oxime.

以邻甲基苯乙酮为原料，经过高锰酸钾的碱性氧化，甲醇酯化，再与甲氧基胺盐酸盐肟化后，用N-溴丁二酰亚胺溴化，最后和间三氟甲基苯乙酮肟缩合得到目标产物肟菌酯。

Iodobenzene, bromobenzene and their derivatives reacted smoothly with n-butyl acrylate or styrene under phosphine-free reaction conditions in the presence of palladium acetate and fluoroquinolones.

碘苯、溴苯和其它芳基卤衍生物与丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯等取代乙烯类化合物在钯和氟喹诺酮的催化下发生Heck反应。

Given the current complexity of industrial recovery of 3'-methyl-2'-butenyl 3, 3-dimethyl-pentenoate and the decomposition problems with 2-methyl-1-butene, research was conducted on a process for direct recycling of MBDP involving an ester exchange reaction of MBDP with either methanol, trimethyl orthoacetate, or solutions of methanol and trimethyl orthoacetate.

针对目前工业上回收3，3-二甲基－4-戊烯酸－3'-甲基－2'-丁烯酯工艺复杂、异戊烯大量分解问题，研究了MBDP直接返回循环使用工艺，MBDP与甲醇、原乙酸三甲酯或与甲醇原乙酸三甲酯混合溶液进行酯交换反应的回收新工艺，比较了四异丙基钛酸酯、甲醇钠、氢氧化钾用作酯交换催化剂的效果，筛选出回收MBDP&一锅煮&最佳工艺：按照n：n：n：n＝1.0：9.8：9.2：0.05物质的量比投料，74℃~78℃反应21h，MBDP转化为贲亭酸甲酯和异戊烯醇，单程转化率87.7%，用85%的磷酸中和甲醇钠，蒸出甲醇，直接用于合成贲亭酸甲酯。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。