丁基

The results show that complexing agent greatly effects on film's density. For the double complexing agents solution system based on citric acid, the solution with lactic acid and citric acid produced most compact film with lowest porosity; and for the double complexing agents solution system based on butane diacid, the solution with butane diacid and malic acid made most compact film with lowest porosity.

研究结果表明：络合剂对镀层的致密度影响显著，对于以柠檬酸为基的双络合剂体系镀液来讲，乳酸-柠檬酸双络合剂体系镀液获得的镀层致密度最好，具有最低的气孔率；而对于以丁二酸为基的双络合剂体系镀液来讲，丁二酸-苹果酸双络合剂体系镀液获得的镀层致密度最好，具有最低的气孔率。

Applied dodecencylsuccinic acid and diethanolamine as raw materials,dodecencylsuccinic acid diethanolamide was prepared.

以十二烯基丁二酸(T746)和二乙醇胺为原料合成了十二烯基丁二酸二乙醇酰胺防锈剂，探讨了原料质量配比、反应温度、反应时间等对产品性质的影响。

In the cuttage of rose ,five stromata were adopted in order to study their influence on the growth of the branches. The result of the experiment shows that vermiculite can ensure the highest survival rate. In the experiment, epicormic branches are treated with IBA at different concentration. The result shows that 200mg/L IBA can also promote the epicormic branch to root. The rooting rate is 91.0%. Temperature plays an important role in rose cuttage.

研究了5种不同基质对多头玫瑰插穗扦插繁殖的影响，结果表明：不同基质扦插成活率不同，以蛭石最好；在试验中，用吲哚丁酸IBA不同浓度溶液处理扦穗，结果表明： 200mg/L吲哚丁酸IBA对多头玫瑰扦插生根有很大的促进作用，生根率为91%；温度对多头玫瑰的扦插也有很大的影响。

The latter is hydrolyzed in the acidic conditions, then the recovered copolymer of EO and glycidol with multi pending hydroxymethyls is esterified with 2-bromoisobutyrylbromide to produce the ATRP macroinitiator with multi pending bromoisobutyryl groups .

共聚物poly的羟基与2-溴异丁酰溴进行酯化反应，得到侧链挂有2-溴异丁酸酯基结构的可以用于原子转移自由基聚合体系的大分子引发剂Poly_

Poly（p-vinylbenzyl succinimide） resin,which can be abbreviated to succinimide resin,was prepared by the reaction of chloromethylated polystyrene with succinimide in the presence of base. The succinimide resin was characterized by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectrometry and elemental analysis.

摘 要：在碱性条件下，氯甲基化聚苯乙烯与丁二酰亚胺反应合成了聚（对乙烯基苄基丁二酰亚胺）树脂，采用元素分析、红外光谱对合成树脂的组成进行了表征。

It was shown that the purity of the aim product was higher than 99% and its yield was 60%~70%. The intermediate product p-tertbutoxycarbonyloxybenzaldehyde could be synthesized conveniently and quantitatively. The main byproduct was triphenylphosphine oxide.

结果表明，所得目标产物对特丁氧酰氧基苯乙烯纯度达99%以上，产率为60%~70%，中间产物对特丁氧酰氧基苯甲醛可以定量合成，反应的副产物主要是三苯基氧化膦。

To improve the effect of CDCA on dissolving cholesterol gallstone, the water-soluble copolymers as polycarboxylic acid of comb-like copolymers and C_(60)-PCC were synthesized, which being used for modification of CDCA and strengthening effects of CDCA on dissolving the cholesterol gallstones by their entropy-repelled properties of comb-shaped side chains in buffers of phosphate and in model bile.The design theory of polymer was mainly employed to synthesis the conjugate of PCC-CDCA and C_(60)-PCC-CDCA by C_(60), polyoxyalkylene allylalkyldiether and maleic anhydride, which were copolymerized with AIBN as initiator, and then PCC or C_(60)-PCC were reacted with CDCA. The structures of the copolymers and the conjugates of PCC-CDCA and C_(60)-PCC-CDCA were confirmed with IR, TLC and TEM. The dissolving effects and the dissolution kinetics mechanism of cholesterol gallstone was inverstigated in PBS and in model bile of different cholesterol saturated index at pH7.4, including PCC-CDCA or C_(60)-PCC-CDCA.

利用高分子设计理论，以烯丙基聚氧乙烯基醚、顺丁烯二酸酐、C_(60)和CDCA为原料，以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂，合成具有梳状侧链结构的梳状共聚物-CDCA结合物和C_(60)-梳状共聚物-CDCA结合物，以IR、TLC和TEM法表征共聚物的结构，并在pH7.4的PBS液和不同胆固醇饱和指数的模拟胆汁中进行溶石效果的研究，探讨在PBS液和不同CSI的模拟胆汁中结合物溶解胆固醇结石的效果和溶解动力学机制。

The effects of styrene butadiene latex, polyester fiber,graphite and silicon powder on compressive strength and damping ratio of concrete were analyzed.

研究了羧基丁苯胶乳、聚酯纤维、石墨、硅粉等掺合料对混凝土的抗压强度和阻尼性能的影响，并对羧基丁苯胶乳、硅粉和石墨的作用机理进行了探讨。

The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

Feeding for 24h by third instar larvae of the maize stalk borer induced farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene expressing, but had no effect on expression of AOC, BX9, PAL and PR2a genes and DIMBOA content.

3玉米螟3龄幼虫处理24h能诱导玉米根中法呢烯基焦磷酸合成酶基因表达，但不能诱导丙二烯氧化物环化酶、β－1，3葡聚糖酶基因（PR2a）、糖基转移酶（BX9）、苯丙氨酸转氨酶基因表达，同时对第二叶和根中丁布含量无显著影响，使第二叶对羟基苯甲酸及第三叶丁布、对羟基苯甲酸、香草酸含量显著降低。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。