丁二酸的

Principal cmponent analysis was used for 34 aroma components,and the relsult showed that the 34 aroma components could be represented asssumably by butanoic acid methylester, butanoic acid ethylester, propylalcohol, butylalcohol, 2,3-butanediol, decanoic acid ethylester, ethyl 4-hydroxybutanoate, eugenol, palmitic acid ethylester, 9-Octadeceroic acid ethylester.

对定量的34种香气物质进行主成分分析，结果表明：由丁酸甲酯，丁酸乙酯，丙醇，丁醇，2，3-丁二醇，癸酸乙酯，4-羟基丁酸乙酯，丁子香酚，棕榈酸乙酯，油酸乙酯基本可以代表本试验所定量出的34种香气物质呈现出的香气物质所构成的风味特征。

In order to research the relations of carbon sources to structure of PHAs, six kinds of PHAs sample were synthesized by activated sludge with six different carbon sources respectively in the aerobic-anaerobic-anoxic process. Their structures were determined by 〓HNMR、〓CNMR and GC-MS. When the carbon source was acetate, the unit composition of PHAs was 93. 91mol％ 3-hydroxybutanoic acid and 6. 09mol％ 3-hydroxypentanoic acid ; When the carbon source was propionate, the unit composition of PHAs was 28. 66mol％ HB, 63. 13mol％HV, 2. 55mol％ 2-methy-3-hydroxy-butanoic acid (2MHB) and 5. 66mol％ 2-methyl-3-hydroxypentanoic acid (2MHV); When the carbon source was 80％ butyrate and 20％ 1, 4-butanediol, the unit composition of PHAs was 65. 03mol％ HB, 28. 06mol％HV, 1. 91mol％2MHB, 2. 69mol％ 2MHV, 0.73mol％ 4-hydroxy butanoic acid (4HB), 0.78mol％ 4-methyl-3-hydroxy-pentanoic acid (4MHV), 0.80mol％ 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid ; When the carbon source was 20％ butyrate and 80％ 1, 4-butanediol, the unit composition of PHAs was 61. 39mol％ HB, 23. 01mol％HV, 4. 58mol％2MHB, 5. 97mol％ 2MHV, 0.91mol％ 4HB, 2. 37mol％ 4MHV, 1. 77mol％ HHx; When the carbon source was 60％ pentanoate and 40％glucose, the unit composition of PHAs was 41. 24mol％ HB, 58. 76mol％HV; When the carbon source was 60％ benzoate and 40％ glucose, the unit composition of PHAs was 65. 48mol％ HB and 34. 52mol％ HV.

为了研究不同碳源与产物PHAs结构的关系，采用好氧-厌氧-缺氧模式利用6种不同碳源培养活性污泥得到6种不同的PHAs样品，通过〓HNMR、〓CNMR和GC-MS谱图确定了这6种PHAs的单体成分和比例：以乙酸钠培养活性污泥得到的PHAs的单体组成是93.91mol％3-羟基丁酸和6.09mol％3-羟基戊酸；以丙酸钠培养活性污泥得到的PHAs的单体组成除28.66mol％HB、63.13mol％HV外，另外还有2.55mol％3-羟基2-甲基丁酸（2MHB）和5.66mol％3-羟基2-甲基戊酸（2MHV）；以80％丁酸钠和20％1，4-丁二醇混合溶液培养活性污泥得到的PHAs含有七种单体组成：65.03mol％HB，28.06mol％HV，1.91mol％2MHB，2.69mol％2MHV，0.73mol％4-HB（4-羟基丁酸），0.78mol％4MHV（3-羟基-4-甲基戊酸），0.80％HHx（3-羟基己酸）；以20％丁酸钠和80％1，4-丁二醇培养活性污泥所得到的PHAs含有与3#样品相同的七种单体，只是比例不同，分别是61.39mol％，23.01mol％，4.58mol％，5.97mol％，0.91mol％，2.37mol％，1.77mol％；以60％戊酸钠和40％葡萄糖培养活性污泥所得到的PHAs由HB和HV组成，比例是41.24 mol％∶58.76 mol％；以60％苯甲酸钠和40％葡萄糖培养活性污泥所得到的PHAs也由HB和HV组成，比例是65.48 mol％∶34.52 mol％。

Moreover,no difference was observed between trace elements added and not added into the medium,which proved that the trace elements contained in Jerusalem artichoke tubers are sufficient for 2,3-BD production.On the basis of the results,separate hydrolysis and fermentation and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation were performed,respectively.

通过摇瓶发酵实验考察了不同底物、不同水解方式以及微量元素对发酵的影响，结果表明，菊芋是良好的发酵生产2，3-丁二醇的底物，采用酸水解或酶水解两种方式制得的糖液发酵效果基本一致，菊芋中含有的微量元素完全能够满足发酵的需要，发酵过程中无需添加微量元素。

Single dibasic acid can be identified by infrared spectroscopy while mixed dibasic acids have to be differentiated by paper chromatography in isopro-pan...

用顺丁烯二酸酐固化的环氧树脂经水解与分离后得到的主要是反丁烯二酸和少量顺丁烯二酸，前者的含量随固化温度的提高而增多，因而确证这一顺-反异构化反应是在固化过程中受热，而不是在水解，酸化时受化学试剂的作用产生的。

The polyesters with terminal hydroxyl groups were prepared by condensation polymerization of adipic acid with 1,4-butanediol or ethylene glycol and, in some cases, a little amount of propylene glycol. The polyurethane thermoplastics were then prepared with the polyester, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol.

采用己二酸、乙二醇(或加入少量1，2-丙二醇)和1，4-丁二醇制备了端羟基聚酯，并用该聚酯和4，4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1，4-丁二醇制备了聚酯型热塑性聚氨酯；考察了NCO/OH值、聚酯分子量等因素对热塑性聚氨酯的物理机械性能的影响。

Polyester polyol which was used for polyurethane hot melt adhesives was synthesized by the condensation polymerization of adipic acid and ethanediol, butanediol, hexanediol.

以己二酸、乙二醇、丁二醇、己二醇为原料进行酯化、缩聚反应，以钛酸丁酯为催化剂，采用阶梯式升温方式，合成了聚氨酯热熔胶用已二酸系聚酯多元醇；考察了醇酸摩尔比、催化剂种类和用量以及反应条件对酯化、缩聚反应的影响。

The result showed due to yeast fermentation process there were many new aroma components in jujube wine which were different from the juice: Isoamyl alcohol, Phenylethyl alcohol, Benzyl alcohol and so on; jujube juice hexadecanoic acid and other senior fatty acid composition obviously degradated; Alcohols and esters composition were sharply upward.

反映出发酵过程由于酵母的繁殖代谢产生了很多新成分，如异戊醇，丁酸乙酯，辛酸乙酯等；枣汁中十六酸等高级脂肪酸成分明显降解，苯乙醇，2，3-丁二醇，己二酸(2-甲基)丁酯，己二酸二异丙酯等醇类和酯类成分呈急剧上升的趋势。

The obtained CBC was further reacted with stearic acid at 140℃ and hexadecyl alcohol at 180℃ in turn to form citric acid-beta-butylene glycol-citric acidstearic acid-hexadecyl alcohol claw large molecule.

以1，3-丁二醇、柠檬酸为原料，设计、合成了以1，3-丁二醇为核心的柠檬酸－1，3-丁二醇－柠檬酸爪状物小分子；再用酯化反应依次与带有功能化集团的硬酯酸、十六醇接枝合成了多元酯类爪形大分子柠檬酸－1，3-丁二醇－柠檬酸－硬酯酸－十六醇。

In recent years, the company excellent location advantages, multi-introduction of advanced production equipment and technology to improve old products and develop new products to 12 - hydroxy acid-based rigid and at the same time the production of refined castor oil, hydrogenated castor oil, refined Gan oil, Sebacate methacrylate (annual output 1500 tons), dibutyl sebacate (annual output 1500 tons), octyl sebacate, anhydrous sodium sulfate, castor meal and other products.

近年来，公司以优越的区位优势，多方引进先进的生产设备和技术，改进旧产品，拓展新产品，以 12 －羟基硬质酸为主，又同时生产精炼蓖麻油、氢化蓖麻油，精甘油，癸二酸二甲酯（年产量 1500 吨），癸二酸二丁酯（年产量 1500 吨），癸二酸二辛酯，无水硫酸钠，蓖麻粕等产品。

Effects of microwave power, reaction time, reaction temperature, solvent etc. on reaction were studied by a single factor tests. The results show that maleic acid is more active than fumaric acid; the introduction of methyl group on the double bond can weak the reactivity of the Michael addition reaction; the ester base is more propitious to complete the Michael addition reaction than the nitrile base.

为研究微波下迈克尔反应的规律，本文采用单模聚焦微波有机合成仪，通过对顺丁烯二酸、反丁烯二酸和氨水合成DL-天冬氨酸、顺式3-甲基丁烯二酸和氨水合成3-甲基天冬氨酸、丙烯酸甲酯和氨水合成β-丙氨酸、丙烯腈和氨水合成β-氨基丙腈等五个反应对迈克尔加成反应进行了研究。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。