丁二酸

To authors' knowledge, dimethyl adipate, diisobutyl succinate and benthothiazole have never been reported in previous herbivore insect-plant systems.

己二酸二甲酯、丁二酸二异丁酯、苯骈噻唑在以前的昆虫-草本植物系统中未见报道。

The subcutaneous administration of sodium dimercaptosuccinate at a dose of 1500 mg/kg immediately after the intraperitoneal injection of trivalent antimonyl ammonium gluconate increased the LD_(50) of the latter from 90—112 mg/kg to 1300—1460 mg/kg.

皮下注射二巯基丁二酸钠1500毫克/千克，司将小鼠一次腹腔注射锑铵的半数致死量从90—112毫克/千克提高至1300—1460毫克/千克。静脉注身锑~(124)铵予家兔后，如立刻经同一途径注射二巯基丁二酸钠，亦可降低锑铵的急性毒性。

After esterification, the ethyl-2-chloro-3-phenylpropionate reacts with diethyl malonate under the catalysis of sodium ethylate, and we obtain the corresponding triethyl ester. The-benzylsuccinic acid is formed by the triethyl ester reacting with concentrate hydrochloric acid and taking place hydrolyzation and decarboxylation reaction at the same time. In order to avoid the formation of cinnamic acid, the sodium ethylate and diethyl malonate must be react sufficiently. The course has simple operation, inexpensive materials and better yield.

具体制备工艺为：首先以L-苯丙氨酸为原料采用重氮化方法得到-2-氯-3-苯基丙酸，再经酯化得到-2-氯-3-苯基丙酸乙酯后在乙醇钠催化作用下和丙二酸二乙酯缩合，发生SN2反应，得到相应的三乙酯，然后经水解和脱羧，得到-苄基丁二酸；在实验中乙醇钠要和丙二酸二乙酯充分反应，避免生成肉桂酸乙酯；该过程操作简单，原料便宜，产率较高，总收率可达到26.8%。

The synthesis methods of dibutyl succinate catalyzed by p-toluene sulfonic acid, amino sulfonic acid,strongly acidic cationic exchange resin, ferric chloride hexahydrate, stannic chloride pentahydrate, copper sulfate , ammonium ferric sulfate dodecahydrate, titanium sulfate, sodium bisulfate monohydrate,and solid super acid et al were reviewed.

本文评述了对甲苯磺酸、氨基磺酸、强酸性阳离子交换树脂、六水三氯化铁、五水四氯化锡、十二水合硫酸铁铵、硫酸钛、一水硫酸氢钠和固体超强酸等催化剂催化合成丁二酸二丁酯的方法。

The results show that complexing agent greatly effects on film's density. For the double complexing agents solution system based on citric acid, the solution with lactic acid and citric acid produced most compact film with lowest porosity; and for the double complexing agents solution system based on butane diacid, the solution with butane diacid and malic acid made most compact film with lowest porosity.

研究结果表明：络合剂对镀层的致密度影响显著，对于以柠檬酸为基的双络合剂体系镀液来讲，乳酸-柠檬酸双络合剂体系镀液获得的镀层致密度最好，具有最低的气孔率；而对于以丁二酸为基的双络合剂体系镀液来讲，丁二酸-苹果酸双络合剂体系镀液获得的镀层致密度最好，具有最低的气孔率。

Applied dodecencylsuccinic acid and diethanolamine as raw materials,dodecencylsuccinic acid diethanolamide was prepared.

以十二烯基丁二酸(T746)和二乙醇胺为原料合成了十二烯基丁二酸二乙醇酰胺防锈剂，探讨了原料质量配比、反应温度、反应时间等对产品性质的影响。

We made use of the solubility differences of three acids in chloroform, n-butanol and water under different temparatures by solvent separation method,then we separated the succinic acid, glutaric acid and adipic acid with high purity from mixed dibasic acids successfully.

由溶剂分离法，利用三种酸在氯仿、正丁醇和水中不同温度下溶解度的差异，成功的从混合二元酸中分离出纯度较高的丁二酸、戊二酸和己二酸。

At the same time, for the alternatives, another set of devices was also set up according to balanced method. From above two experiments, we got solubility datas of succinic acid, glutaric acid and adipic acid in six solvents of water, ethanol, n-butanol,choloroform, acetone and toluene, of which most were measured for the first time.

由合成法和平衡法实验测定了丁二酸、戊二酸和己二酸三种溶质在水、乙醇、正丁醇、氯仿、丙酮、甲苯六种溶剂中的溶解度数据，其中大部分体系和溶解度数据是首次测定。

To analyze results through statistical methods, and possess significant difference when P.05(a=0.05). To observe that effect of volume of distilled water on synthesis of hemihydrated gypsum is bigger, and the effect better when distilled water: raw materials as 150ml:100g; whereas effect of Calcium Chloride and sodium Succinate smaller, and the effect better when Calcium Chloride: dehydrated gypsum as 1:2, sodium Succinate as 0.75%.

采用统计学方法进行分析，P＜0.05时具显著性差异(a=0.05)结果：在试验中观察到蒸馏水量对半水石膏合成影响较大，当蒸馏水与原料比为150ml：100g时效果较好；而氯化钙及丁二酸钠影响较小，当氯化钙与二水硫酸钙质量比为1：2，丁二酸钠为0.75％时效果较好。

Distribution ratios of complex extraction for different operation conditions were forecasted. Using mass action law, the liquid-liquid equilibrium models of complex extraction of monobasic and polybasic carboxylic acid have been successfully induced, and physical extraction were also considered in the model. On the basis of orthogonal experiments, the models of equilibrium distribution ratios were established. The processes of complex extraction were tested and verified. Comparing experimental data with model values, it could be held that the regression precision of model was rather high and the model supplied fundamental data for industrial amplification and practical use of complex extraction.

采用质量作用定律分析方法，成功地推导了同时考虑物理萃取的一元及多元羧酸络合萃取通用液-液平衡数学模型，并在正交试验基础上建立了磷酸三丁酯络合萃取丁酸、三烷基胺（7301）萃取丁酸、丁二酸、柠檬酸的平衡分配系数模型，从平衡角度对络合萃取过程进行了验证与预测，通过实验数据与模型计算值比较，表明模型的拟合精度较好，从而为络合萃取技术的工业放大与实际应用提供了重要依据。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。