一阶理论

Four characteristic parameters, mean value, variation coefficient, skewnesscoefficient and first-order autocorrelation coefficient, of these precipitation series areestimated with classical statistics.

利用经典统计学理论计算了研究区域上样本站和检验站的年降水序列的特征参数——均值、变差系数、偏态系数和一阶自相关系数。

Moreover, all analysis here is based on the first-order Distorted Wave Born Approximation theoretical model that has been quite successful in engineering application.

并且，这里所有的分析都是根据在工程应用中最成熟的一阶畸变波Born近似理论模型。

According to the theory of first-order Born approximation,a Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography model of single scattering infinite narrow beam is established,and the reason why it is hard to obtain the exact solution of integrated scattering equation is analyzed.

选择多层介质作为样品，根据波恩一阶近似理论建立了单次散射的无限细直光束频域OCT模型，并分析了散射积分方程很难得到精确解的原因。

The course contains four sections as follows: mathematical logic (including basic concepts of propositional logic and predicate logic, propositional calculuses and inference theories), set theory (including set algebras, relations, functions and cardinal numbers), algebraic structure (including algebraic systems, semigroups and groups, rings and fields, lattices and Boolean algebras), graph theory (including basic concepts of graph, Euler graphs and Hamiltonian graphs, trees, planar graphs and coloring graphs, some special vertex subsets and edge subsets).

本课程包含四部分内容：数理逻辑（包含命题逻辑与一阶逻辑的基本概念、等值演算以及推理理论），集合论（包含集合代数、二元关系、函数和基数），代数结构（包含代数系统、半群与群、环与域、格与布尔代数），图论（包含图的基本概念、欧拉图与哈密顿图、树、平面图及图的着色、图的某些特殊的顶点子集与边子集）。

Second, proceeding with the fact thatthe constructing vector wave functions of conventional circular cylindrical and sphericalvector wave functions are linear independent solutions to the electromagnetic field waveequations in biisotropic medium,spectral impedance boundary conditions are proposed forinfinitely long perfectly conducting circular cylinder and sphere coated with biisotropic media,respectively,which generalize the applicable range of planar structures and are suitable toanalyze the electromagnetic problems involving their counterpart structures.

所用的方法是在Fourier变换谱域中的一阶线性微分方程组理论和矩阵技术，提出了适用于Chiral媒质半空间辐射问题的耦合镜像原理(即镜像电流的振幅和相位是由Chiral媒质中的本征左、右旋圆极化波相互耦合来确定的)和适用于研究平面分层Chiral媒质电磁问题的一般性更高的分析方法。

It is shown that with right coordinate transformation in the cases, the error of th...

理论和数值算例表明，只要对重频系统设计的反馈律作正确的坐标变换，应用到上述三种情形时，其闭环系统的衰减律的误差只有相应频率分散度的一阶小量

Outside the"domain of determinacy", the solution may not be unique.

利用一阶非线性偏微方程的特征线方法，研究了混合硬化下CMSG理论在剪切和自重拉伸两个问题的解。

The paper improves the velocity's control rules of a first-order microcosmic stochastic traffic cellular automaton model and incorporates it's stochasticity as a deceleration parameter in the construction of the fundamental diagram used by a macroscopic first-order continuum traffic model.

本文对微观一维随机元胞自动机交通流模型的速度控制规则进行了改进，并将其随机特性转化为减速参数合并到宏观一阶连续介质理论交通流模型中，重新构建了反映流量——密度的交通流基本图。

This solution can approximately calculate the basic vibration frequency of axially moving cantilever beam, as well as can provide a theoretic foundation for verifying the numerical results and designing the clearance of structure.

这一结果不但可用来近似计算不同间隙状况的轴向运动悬臂梁的一阶振动频率，为数值仿真结果提供校验的理论依据，对系统结构的设计也有一定的参考价值。

The second-order post-Newtonian(2PX) equations of light ray have to be discussed under the recent extension of the DSX scheme which was founded in early 1990's to discuss a complete first-order post-Newtonian celestial mechanics for N arbitrarily composed and shaped, rotating deformable bodies.

DSX体系是在20世纪90年代初建立的，用来讨论对N个任意形状和组成、自转可变形物体的一套完整的一阶后牛顿(1PN)天体力学理论。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。