一阶理论

Based on Bezier curve continuance of first－order and second－order derivative, the characteristic vector equation of two Bezier curve is presented in point of intersection. The algorithm is not only of high accuracy with all of the interpolated points being on the curve theoretically, but also of very high speed in the real－time interpolation processes. The interpolation velocity does not change and the segment tolerance of interpolation can be control by selecting the parameter in cerement rationally every time.

为保证两段Bezier曲线在连接点处一阶导数、二阶导数连续，导出了两段Bezier曲线特征向量应满足的关系方程，Bezier插补法不仅在理论上可使所有的插补点落在曲线上，而且实时插曲补速度高，每次插补时可合理地选择参数增量，能使插补速度保证不变，也可控制弓高误差。

In this part, the characteristics of transient responses of flexible rotor systems with arbitrarily distributed mass on isotropic or anisotropic supports passing through several critical speeds seguencially are examined. Here, the current knowledge of rotor dynamics on the eigenproblem of damped free whirling vibration, the generaliged damped mode theary, the transient forced vibration and so on combined with KBM asymptotic method in the nonlinear vibration theory is employed and extended.

作者综合运用并引伸推广转子动力学关于阻尼自由回旋振动的特征问题、广义阻尼模态理论、瞬态强廹振动等現代理论和方法，结合非线性振动理论中的KBM渐近法，提出自己独創見解和覌点，成功地建立起正回旋和逆回旋两种情况下转子通过临界点的瞬态振动一阶微分方程组，可以在临界点的邻域内从事方程的数值积分计算。

ADAMS. According to a function with STEP5 has features of continuous first and second derivative,the higher degree of approximation,etc.,we test and verify feasibility of fore-and-aft movement and turning gait of the robot. Thus a solution of the Snake-like robot motion under the ADAM...

ADAMS软件对蛇形机器人进行了从样机模型建立到运动学仿真与分析等一系列研究；并根据STEP5函数具有一阶与二阶导数连续、较高的逼近程度等特性验证了蛇形机器人前后移动和左右转弯步态可行性；找到了一种在ADAMS环境下求解机器人运动的方法，简化了理论计算，提高了设计效率。

Chapter 2 is started from the basic theory of elastodynamics, the zero and the first order reflection and transmission coefficients of rough interface are derived in theory, and some numerical examples are given. Also dispersion characters of diffraction waves are discussed in the case of micro-rough interface in deep layers.

第二章从弹性动力学的基本理论出发，通过求解波动方程的定解问题，从理论上导出了地震波在粗糙界面上的零阶和一阶反射透射系数，并给出了数值算例；该章还讨论了深层微粗糙界面的绕射波的频散特征。

The relations of electrophoresis velocity, electroosmosis velocity and electric dispersion velocity are also investigated with these expressions. The results show that this new model offers a better explanation for peak compression effect on the migration behaviour of charged solute in CEC. The retention time will be shorter by peak compression effect, which is similar to a solvent gradients process. The peak compression effect is not steady, and doesn't appear until the conditions are fitted in some special situation.

基于弛豫理论所建立的基本模型，在考虑溶质在两相中皆有可能发生正、反向迁移的情况下，得到了流出曲线一阶原点矩和二阶中心矩的理论表达式，并通过对溶质在两相中电扩散速率与电泳速率、电渗流速率关系的分析结果证实：溶质在固定相表面的电扩散行为可以使其保留变弱，出峰加快；而这种电扩散导致的超常柱效峰的出现具有不稳定性，只有在多方面因素综合影响匹配的情况下才可能出现。

This course will cover: fundamental electrical circuit quantities, and circuit elements; circuits laws (Ohm law and Kirchhoff voltage and current laws); series and parallel connections of circuit elements; operational amplifiers; network theorems; nodal and mesh analysis methods; analysis of natural, step response, and response to sinusoidal input of first and second order circuits; phasor analysis; introduction to computer emulation to electrical circuit.

中文简介：本课程将覆盖以下内容：电子电路的基本原理，电路元件，基本电路定律(欧姆定律，基尔霍夫电压定律和基尔霍夫电流定律)；电子元器件的的串连和并联；运算放大器；网络理论；节点分析法和网孔分析法；一阶电路和二阶电路的普通信号，阶跃信号及单音信号的响应特性的分析；矢量分析法；并介绍计算机电路仿真的相关知识。

In order to find a powerful assistant computation tool for further analysis and design of multilayer optical coatings,an analytical model is mathematically established for accurate calculation of the first and second derivatives of the spectral coefficients of multilayer optical coatings with respect to layer parameters like thickness,real refractive index and extinction coefficient. It is based on the matrix theory of calculating the spectral coefficients of multilayer optical coatings and is achieved by perfectly using the trace operation of matrix.

为了寻找一种膜系深入分析与设计的有力辅助计算工具，从光学薄膜光谱系数的矩阵计算理论出发，基于对矩阵求迹运算的巧妙运用，从数学上建立了准确计算膜系光谱系数关于膜层几何厚度、实际折射率和消光系数等膜层参数的一阶和二阶偏导数的解析模型。

Instead of the empirical direct substitution method used in former harmonic ex- pansion method for the generation of perturbation base function s,a more rigorous 1~or- der perturbation method was proposed to generate the perturbation base function s.

针对文献提出的用于换料方案快速评价的低阶谐波展开法，提出用一阶微扰方法来替代原先经验性的扰动基函数产生方法，从而使低阶谐波展开法的理论更完善、适用性更广、精度更高。

In order to analyze the dynamic of a turret-moored tan ker, a perturbation method was used to predict the RAO and the spectra of moti on and mooring line tension under the irregular wave condition.

为研究转塔式系泊储油轮的动力响应，应用二阶频域摄动理论计算了其在压载状态下的一阶运动响应、二阶运动的响应谱及锚泊线张力谱，并与相应的模型试验结果进行了比较。

With the background of application of fuzzy control techniques to a rather typical complex control system, gas-burning water heater, theories, applications and techniques of fuzzy information processing have been studies. The obtained results include:(1) For lattice-valued logic systems based on lattice implication algebras, two dynamical lattice-valued propositional logic Lvpl and lattice-valued first-order logic Lvfl have been constructed, and some theories and methods of fuzzy reasoning have been proposed based on fuzzy set theory and multi-valued logic.(2) Some methods for designing and optimizing fuzzy control systems and some corresponding control algorithms have been proposed, and some new theories and methods for fuzzy control rule base and fuzzy control system performance analysis have been introduced.(3) 6 fuzzy control systems have been developed, and some difficult problems on craft of manufacture, batch consistency, quality stability, installation and main

本项目以模糊控制技术用于燃气热水器这一较典型的复杂控制系统为应用背景，在模糊信息处理的理论、应用和技术三个层次开展了相关的研究工作：(1)进一步研究了基于格蕴涵代数的格值逻辑系统，建立了两种动态的格值命题逻辑Lvpl和格值一阶逻辑Lvfl，并基于模糊集理论和多值逻辑提出了多种模糊推理的理论与方法；(2)提出了模糊控制系统的多种设计及优化方法与控制算法，建立了模糊控制规则库和模糊控制系统性能分析的一些新理论与新方法；(3)研制完成了6个模糊控制系统，还特别解决了模糊控制燃气热水器和智能控制燃气热水器在产业化过程中的生产工艺、批量一致、质量稳定、安装维修和性能价格等一系列难题，做好了批量生产前的技术准备，现已小批量生产。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。