一阶

Then, it introduces an adaptive blind watermark algorithm based on odd-even judgement. This algorithm uses the neighboring symbols mean value and the odd-even judgement to embed the watermark into the 2-level subband of the carrier image. The results of the test demonstrate that this algorithm has a good imperceptivity and robustness.

然后，在此基础上介绍了一种基于奇偶判决的图像自适应盲水印算法，该算法利用图像小波系数的相邻特征平均值和奇偶判决法在图像小波域的二阶子带上嵌入水印，试验结果表明该方法具有不错的不可见性和鲁棒性。

The objective of this Course is to introduce the organic structure and its operation of the WTO and import relief system study on the impact and response after our access to WTO; research into the meaning, history and future development of import relief system; systematically introduce the laws and practice of our safeguards, anti-dumping and countervailing system, as well as the recent development After Doha Agenda Development. Through study the law and practice of import relief system could be extensively applied and thus provides our industry with temporary relief while we enter the global market. Also we can expand our understanding about international trade policy and its implementation practice we hope creat could though this training program which contribution to our society.

本课程主要在介绍世界贸易组织组织架构与进口救济制度之运作，探讨我国加入WTO后之最新进展及其影响作一评估与因应对策，进口救济制度实施之意义、沿革及其发展，我国平衡税及反倾销税与进口救济制度之运作方式及采行贸易或产业调整协助等救济措施之规范，与乌拉圭回合之反倾销协定、补贴及平衡措施协定与防卫条款有关之最新发展作有系统介绍，期能了解我国在打开全球国家之市场管道之同时，抵制国际保护主义压力对国内受害产业提供适度之暂时性救济工具之运用，作为理论与实务兼修之入阶，藉以了解国家经济政策运作方向，期能将来进入社会服务贡献所学。

Aiming at these problems, a new method of knowledge hierarchical induction based on variable precision rough sets was proposed.

为解决其规则集规模大、实用性不强的问题，提出了一种基于变精度粗糙集的改模知识分层递阶归纳方法。

ABSTRACT Aiming at problems of trans-vector controller in a vehicle-carried induction motor such as variable rotor and stator resistance following motor temperature, and their inductance varying with flux saturation degrees. Firstly, CSI and VSI are introduced, for CSI, it can hold the advantages both FOC and DTC using stator flux directional, PI parameter and simulation are also introduced. Secondly, equations of IM in the synchronous rotary frame and its static counterpart, as figuring in the saturation condition of magnetic field, are dealt in this paper and the simulation results are presented. Thereafter, the parameter designing of PI trans-vector controller is processed, which features the non-linear model. In practical realization, as neglecting the dynamical change of motor inductance, this paper employs online modification of inductance parameters, according to the flux saturation, then transforms the non-linear equations into linear ones, and so compacts the structure of controller. Thirdly, in view of the maximum torque output is extraordinary requisite when Electrical Vehicle start up, accelerate, and overtake, this paper issues the maximum torque when both inverter and battery capacity is corporeally definite. Fourthly, on-line differentiating and analyzing both rotor's time constants and its flux by using the expanding order reduction and discrete Kalman filter equation are fathomed, in order to realize high-performance trans-vector algorithm, and also the simulation results are presented. Fifthly, the close-loop regenerative brake system, when the EV's torque is set constant, is deduced; at the same time, unification of electric drive model and brake model is executed. Combined with maximum charge current demands, the mathematical model for online yielding torque as a demand.

本论文针对车载异步电机在矢量控制器所遇到的问题：定转子电阻随温度变化及随电机饱和程度变化的转子电感及定子电感而影响电机调速性能提出一套完整的解决方案：分析了电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器在实现矢量控制时控制器参数的计算，分析出对于电流型逆变器在采用定子磁场定向时，其性能同时具有矢量控制和直接转矩控制两者的优势，并对电压型逆变器在转子磁场定向下的模型进行了仿真研究；建立异步电机非线性模型，推导出考虑磁饱和时异步电机在同步旋转坐标系及静止坐标系下的方程，并做出了仿真结果，建立异步电机在非线性模型下的矢量控制调节器的PI参数设计，在实际应用中，若忽略电机电感的动态变化，可以根据当前的磁路饱和状态而在线修正电感参数，从而将非线性方程线性化，降低控制器的复杂度；考虑到电动汽车在起动和加速超车时需要电机有最大转矩输出，本文讨论在逆变器容量一定和电池供电能力有限的情况下电机最大转矩输出问题；推导了异步电机扩展降阶、离散卡尔曼滤波方程在线辨识转子时间常数和转子磁通，用于实现高性能的矢量控制算法，并给出了仿真结果；推导出了电动汽车恒转矩给定的闭环回馈制动系统，实现了电动控制模型和制动模型的统一，而且结合铅酸电池最大充电电流的要求，为制动转矩在线给定建立了数学模型；设计了基于双DSP系统的高性能矢量控制器软硬件框图，并以大量实验数据说明矢量控制在电动汽车应用的实际应用状况。

A multi-level power laser writing control method based on industry standard architecture bus interface and complex programmable logic device technique for multi-level mastering system is described in this paper.

描述了多阶母盘刻录系统中一种基于工业标准结构总线接口和复杂可编程逻辑器件技术的激光多功率写入控制方法及其控制电路的设计实现。

In Chapter 4, A detailed comparison between the realization of Cholesky decomposition and OR method is given, a systolic/wavefront array made of general purpose DSP is used to realize the adaptive beamforming at a moderate speed, and a wavefront array to extract the adaptive weights which is necessary in some applications is designed. In Chapter 5, the author proposed a new structure to realize the space time adaptive processing. First 1~q using the FFr and the truncating infinite sequence and sone optimizing method, a much simpler architecture can be acquired in realizing the three portion of channel processing: quadrature sampling, pulse compression and adaptive equalization.

第五章研究并提出了用全通用DSP模块设计空时二维自适应信号处理机的新方案，首先用快速付立叶变换和对长序列截断处理的重叠保留法以大大减少的运算量完成了处理机通道处理部分的正交插值、脉压、自适应均衡三个功能块的长阶数线性卷积运算，接着对自适应波束形成提出了多种实现方案，分析了多种方案下的运算量和设备要求，指出在不同通道数、不同数据吞吐率、不同自适应要求时这几种方案有不同的可行度和实现难度，并针对实际要求确定了一种运算田N、的实现方案，对自适应波束合成部分的大量贝玉以良元组咸肋冈络结拘和处凰闺和羽凶挝娠昨了优化设计以威少设备复杂性，构成了设备量大夕父伯小、们g团回高、辜于生回阴田闩引愧快的空时二维自适囱戏升引毗四机。

However, the modified RWM is limited to homogeneous flow, and it assumes that the adsorption of hydrocarbon and the attachment of biomass are equilibrium and instantaneous. Moreover, there will be some numerical dispersion error, especially when the steps of space and time are injudiciously selected.

Delay等提出一种RWM的修正形式，它不必单个跟踪每个颗粒，而是将若干颗粒分别置于有限差分网格中集中、统一模拟，这样既可以处理颗粒数量较大的情况，又可以处理结合1阶反应动力学的情况，然而，修正的RWM只限于处理均匀流场及均衡假设下的质量交换和反应。

The degree of importance of each input variable was obtained using sensitivity analysis method based on a single stage fuzzy model .

中文文摘：提出了一种设计递阶模糊系统的简易而有效的方法。

This paper makes use of a Lyapunov function and a nonlinear integral inequality of Gronwall-Bellman-Bihari type to study the asymptotic hehaviors of solutions of a second-order nonlinear functional differential equation.

本文利用李雅普诺夫函数及一个Gronwall—Bellman—Bihari型的非线性积分不等式，研究一类二阶非线性泛函微分方程解的渐近性态，在第一部份，给出一组方程的全体解可延展到t=+∞的充分条件及三组方程的全体解有界的充分条件。

This paper makes use of a Lyapunov function and a nonlinear integral inequality of Gronwall-Bellman-Bihari type to study the asymptotic hehaviors of solutions of a second-order nonlinear functional differential equation. In part I, a group of sufficient conditions is given on continuation of solutions and three groups of sufficient conditions are given on boundedness of solutuicns of equation.

本文利用李雅普诺夫函数及一个Gronwall—Bellman—Bihari型的非线性积分不等式，研究一类二阶非线性泛函微分方程解的渐近性态，在第一部份，给出一组方程的全体解可延展到t=+∞的充分条件及三组方程的全体解有界的充分条件。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。