一阶

In this paper, based on the invariant subspace theory and adjoint operator concept of linear operator, a new matrix representation method is proposed to calculate the normal forms of n order general nonlinear dynamic systems.

对于 n阶一般的非线性动力系统，根据线性算子的不变子空间理论和共轭算子概念，提出一种计算其规范形的新的矩阵表示方法。

A method of moment features testing components' states is put forward to solve this problem.First the components' barycentric coordinates and second-order centered moments are calculated.Then the inclined angles are obtained,on the basis of which the inclined components can be rectified.

针对这一问题，提出了一种矩特征检测构件状态的方法，该方法首先计算出图像中构件的质心坐标和二阶中心矩，然后求出构件的倾斜角度，根据倾斜角对处于倾斜状态的构件进行校正。

To solve the problem that the-spectrum estimation performance based on covariation under the-stable noise environmentbecomes obviously worse when the distribution parameter is small,a method of fractional low-order covariance spectrum estimation was proposed.

针对在分布参数值较小时稳定分布噪声下基于共变的谱估计性能较差这一问题，提出了一种分数低阶协方差谱估计方法。

PCA is the optimal dimension compression technique based on second order information in the sense of mean square error.

PCA是一种基于二阶统计的最小均方误差意义上的最优维数据压缩技术，FLD是一种较为普遍的用于特征提取的线性分类方法。

A linear feasible direction algorithm is proposed to calculate reliability index of structure.

为克服当极限状态曲面方程非线性程度较高时应用一次二阶矩法求解可靠指标可能不收敛的问题，提出一种求解结构可靠指标的线性可行方向算法。

Finally, For the first time, the Ritz variational based mode matching method using new basis functions is proposed to deal with a discontinuity region. The general process to construct the linear equation group is developed, and the equation group's rank is only half of that of the cascading treatment. Thus the efficiency can be increased.

还首次采用新型基函数并利用里兹变分法和模式匹配法提出了构造处理一段不连续性问题的线性方程组的一般理论，方程阶数可比常规的级联处理方法降低一倍，可提高计算效率。

One Thanksgiving she burned herself badly when, running up from the cellar even with the ceremonial turkey, she tripped on the stairs and tumbled down, ending at the bottom in the debris of giblets, hot gravy, and battered turkey.

一个感恩节她严重烫伤了自己，当她带着火鸡跑下地窖，她绊着台阶，一屁股摔倒在阶底，致使鸡杂、热肉汁和摔散的火鸡四处飞溅，撒了一地。

This article uses the step-by-step Fourier method and normalized NLSE was solved, and analog input for the first-order,second-order and third-order hyperbolic secant optical pulses under the conditions of the evolution of optical pulse transmission.

本文使用了分步傅里叶方法对归一化NLSE 进行了求解，并模拟了输入为一到三阶双曲正割光脉冲条件下光脉冲传输演变情况。

One method is the singularity transferring method for calculating integral value containing O(1/R) singularity in its integrand［1］.The other singularity is removed first and the integral contribution of this small area is proved to be zero.

另一种方法是为解决O(1/R2)高阶奇异积分的数值计算问题的，它是通过排除一包含奇点的有限小块，而这一小块区域对积分的贡献为零，从而使积分方程在整个积分域变得数值可积。

The asymptote behavior of intermediate point in the Mean Value Theorem for integrals ;2. Based on numerical integrals , the model parameters are estimated from the differential equation without iterations, the method is very effective in overcoming large amounts of measurement noise in the output.

提出一种简单但鲁棒性强的传感器动态建模方法，该方法基于数值积分思想，能有效克服测量噪声，无需迭代即可直接从微分方程辨识出模型参数，所建模型阶次较低、准确度较高，且较易实现递推算法，为传感器改善动态特性、实现动态补偿提供一种有效方法。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。