一转

In this paper, to reduce cogging torque in solid-rotor permanent magnet synchronous motors, an analytical method, which was based on energy method and Fourier expansion, was proposed to obtain the expression of cogging torque, which can express its relation with design parameters.

为削弱实心转子同步电动机的齿槽转矩，文中提出了一种基于能量法和傅立叶分解的的解析分析方法，给出了能明确表达齿槽转矩与设计参数关系的齿槽转矩解析表达式，据此研究了极弧系数对齿槽转矩的影响。

He has to start the car. He has to make a right turn, a left turn, and a U-turn.

他得发动汽车，然后左转一次，再右转一次，还得转个U形弯。

In view of special applications of multi-pole magnetic permanent torque motor used for precise numerical control rotary table, motors with higher torque density and lower torque ripple s are needed.

针对精密数控转台伺服直接驱动用多极永磁力矩电机的特殊应用问题(要求电机有较大的转矩密度且较小的转矩波动)，在分析该种电机的特殊结构的基础上，提出一种新型不等齿顶宽结构，以提高绕组利用系数，加大电机的转矩密度；并采用转子斜极的方法，可在有效消除转矩波动的同时，电机仍保持较高的绕组利用系数。

In view of special applications of multi-pole magnetic permanent torque motor used for precise numerical control rotary table, motors with higher torque density and lower torque ripples are needed.

针对精密数控转台伺服直接驱动用多极永磁力矩电机的特殊应用问题(要求电机有较大的转矩密度且较小的转矩波动)，在分析该种电机的特殊结构的基础上，提出一种新型不等齿顶宽结构，以提高绕组利用系数，加大电机的转矩密度；并采用转子斜极的方法，可在有效消除转矩波动的同时，电机仍保持较高的绕组利用系数。

Direct torque control is another high performance control technique of AC motor, it discard the decouple idea of vector control, but adapt flux oriented control and transient space vector theory, directly control stator flux and torque, it has the advantage of rapid torque response and less relying on stator parameters, but has the disadvantage of bigger torque ripple.

直接转矩控制技术是继矢量控制技术之后的又一种交流电机高性能控制技术，它摈弃了矢量控制中解耦的控制思想，采用定子磁链定向和瞬时空间矢量理论，直接对电机定子磁链和转矩进行控制，具有转矩响应快、对电机参数依赖小的优点，但它的不足之处就是存在转矩脉动。

The flux hysteresis controller was ignored in the constant torque region and an improved method was proposed to make the estimation of torque easier.The proper stator voltage space vector was selected based on the output of the torque hysteresis controller and the sector which the current rotor flux locates in.

摘 要：针对无刷直流电机直接转矩控制中磁链观测困难、控制复杂等问题，提出了一种应用于无刷直流电机二二导通方式下的新型直接转矩控制方法：在电机基频以下调速时，略去了常规的磁链观测控制环节，改进了转矩计算方法，通过转矩滞环控制选择所施加的空间电压矢量。

A new brushless DC motor DTC scheme was studied to solve those problems associated with direct torque controlof brushless DC motor,such as difficulty to control flux and complexity to estimate torque.The flux hysteresis controller was ignored in the constant torque region and an improved method was proposed to make the estimation of torque easier.The proper stator voltage space vector was selected based on the output of the torque hysteresis controller and the sector which the current rotor flux locates in.

摘 要：针对无刷直流电机直接转矩控制中磁链观测困难、控制复杂等问题，提出了一种应用于无刷直流电机二二导通方式下的新型直接转矩控制方法：在电机基频以下调速时，略去了常规的磁链观测控制环节，改进了转矩计算方法，通过转矩滞环控制选择所施加的空间电压矢量。

In group C, the level of intracellular calcium increased persistently and the peak value was at 2 hours post-CPB、The activity of calcium pump and sodium pump increased temporarily at the begining of CPB, the lowest value was at 2 hours post-CPB.

结果表明：对照组转流中红细胞钙持续升高，转流后2小时达高峰；钙、钠泵活性在转流开始一过性升高，此后下降，转流后2小时最低。

But the effluent ammonium in the anoxic reactor, where enough NO2 were present, was equal to the blank system, and no ammonium was converted to such nitrogen compounds as NO2- and N2 by Nitrosomonas eutropha using NO2 as electron acceptor, which maybe caused by lack of the function bacteria. There were two ANAMMOX reaction pathways in the one-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal system. One way was that after part of NH4+ was oxidized to NH2OH under aerobic conditions, NH2OH and NO2- were converted to N2O under anaerobic conditions, at last N2O was further converted to N2 which realized the nitrogen removal; Another way was that at first NO2- was reduced to NH2OH, NH2OH reacted with NH4+ to form N2H4, which was further converted to N2 subsequently, realizing the nitrogen removal.

结果表明：单级自养脱氮系统内6.72%的氨氮是通过吹脱等物化作用去除的，不超过6.02%的氨氮是通过传统硝化反硝化途径去除的，87.26%左右的氨氮是由自养脱氮途径去除的，自养脱氮反应起主要脱氮作用；在足够NO2存在且缺氧的条件下，单级自养脱氮系统内的出水氨氮浓度与空白反应器相当，NH4+并没有被亚硝化单胞菌以NO2为电子受体氧化为NO2-和N2等化合物而得以去除，可能是因为系统内不存在该代谢功能的亚硝化功能菌；单级自养脱氮系统内存在两条ANAMMOX反应途径：其中一条途径即NH4+在好氧条件下被氧化为NH2OH后，生成的NH2OH与系统内的NO2-在缺氧条件下被转化为N2O，N2O则进一步被转化为N2而实现氮的去除；另外一条途径即NO2-首先被还原为NH2OH，生成的NH2OH则与系统内的NH4+反应生成N2H4，N2H4继续被转化为N2而实现氮的去除。

That shows there are some difference in the steroid regulation between the anuras and the urodeles. Among three of the steroid, one can convert to the other, and some enzyme activity is concerned with the conversion.7. For the Rana quadranus and the Batrachuperus tibetanus, the steroid receptors play key roles in the synthesis and secretion of the steroids and during the development of the follicle cell.

类固醇激素受体在卵母细胞中可能通过两种途径发挥作用，一种是存在于胞质中，作为信号转导因子的非基因组调控机制；另一种是存在于核中，作为核转录活性因于，改变基因转录活动的基因组调控机制。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。