一级反应

HPLC method of determination of CCU has been developed for the kinetic study. The kinetics of photodecomposition of CCU in various carrier gases have been studied. The photoreaction of CCU in nitrogen and air is of the first order, while in oxygen is closer to that of the second order. The rate constants in nitrogen, air and oxygen are 0.00703/h, 0.0109/hand 0.00445 , and the half-livies are 98. 6, 63. 6 and 62. 7hour respectively.

采用以甲醇一水为流动相的反相HPLC作为分析手段，对灭幼脲在不同载气中的光解动力学作了研究，结果表明，灭幼脲在氮气和空气中的光解反应符合一级动力学形式，而在氧气中的光解则更接近于二级反应形式；在三种气氛中的反应速度常数分别为0.00703h〓，0.00109h〓和0.00445h〓〓，半衰期相应为98.6、63.6及62.7h。

There are exponential functions between the reaction rate constants and electrode potential, NaCl concentration respectively, while the rate constant and initial dye concentration are related with the reciprocal function. Furthermore, the decoloration rate was reduced obviously by high temperature.

脱色反应符合一级动力学，反应速率常数分别与阳极电位、氯化钠浓度存在指数函数关系，与染料初始浓度存在倒数函数关系；高温明显降低脱色降解反应速率。

The hydrolysis rate constant of TEOS in mixed systems was larger compared with TEOS in single precursor systems.

与单前驱体水解一致的是，在双前驱体系中TEOS和DDS自身的反应级数仍保持一级，但是氨和水的反应级数都有不同程度的增大。

The result showed that the oxidation reaction of abietic acid is first-order reaction during the initial period but then isn't first-order reaction because of oxidant film.

实验结果表明，枞酸氧化反应动力学在初期阶段呈表观一级，后期受氧化膜影响不呈表观一级。

This Thesis consists of the following five pacts: Following a brief Introduction on the mechanism of reactions of coenzyme NADH models with activated ethylenic compounds is discussed. Pross-Shaik treatment is employed to analyze the results.

本论文研究了：(1)辅酶NADH模型物和活化烯烃氧化还原反应的机理，并运用Pross-Shaik构型混合模型分析了这些反应的机理；(2)用辅酶NAD~+／NADH模型物催化氧化一级和二级苄醇，还原α，β-环氧酮。

MIPC was photocatalytically transformed to 3,4-dihydroxyl hypnone, 2-iso-butyl phenol and acetic acid, and mineralized ultimately in oxygenated TiO2 slurries. The photocatalytic degradation processed according to first order kinetics with the apparent rate constant depending on initial concentration, light intensity and the amount of catalyst. The amount of catalyst had an optimum value (0.5g/L). The apparent rate was inversely proportional to square root of the initial concentration approximately.

MIPC能被光催化转化成3，4-二羟基苯乙酮、2-异丁基苯酚和乙酸等产物并最终被矿化，MIPC的光催化反应过程符合一级动力学规律，其表观速率常数与MIPC的起始浓度、TiO2量和光强等因素有关，MIPC降解的反应速率与入射光强成正比，与MIPC初始浓度的平方根成反比。

Four different ionic liquids, BF4, BF and PF6 were investigated, arid PF6 showed the best effect when used as the reaction media, giving the highest yield in the shortest reaction time. Promoted by KF in PF6, N-aryl or N-alkyl monosubstituted sulfonamides could react with various activated halides and unactivated primary halides smoothly. Reactions were performed at 85℃ for 2~10 hours, and thirteen N-alkylation products were obtained with 70%~97% yields. Moreover, the ionic liquid recovered could be reused for three times with no appreciable decrease in yield and reaction rate.

结果表明，以PF6为反应介质时显示出了最好的效果，反应的时间最短，收率最高。N-芳基或N-烷基单取代的磺酰胺和各类不同结构的活化的卤代烃和未活化的一级卤代烃在PF6中KF作用下，85℃反应2~10h，以70%~97%的优良收率得到了13个N-烷基化产物，而且离子液体回收使用3次后效果未降低。

The experimental results show that the molar ratio of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide in the reacting mixture is frequently equal to unity hence the reaction scheme may be stoichiometrically represented as follows

实验证明：反应气体中一氧化碳与二氧化碳的摩尔比接近于1；苯氧化生成顺酐的反应是并串联反应，各反应级数均为准一级；并求出了各反应的活化能和指前因子。

The results showed that,the synergistic effect to the degradation of methyl orange by Fenton synergized with nanometer TiO2 was observed.

在实验浓度范围内，甲基橙的降解反应符合准一级动力学过程；与Fenton反应相比，在0.2、0.4、0.6g/L纳米TiO2的协同作用下，甲基橙的降解表现反应常数分别提高了1.71、2.51和3.36倍，半衰期相应缩短。

The analysis indicated that the model accord with Langmuir—Hinshelwood kinetics equation in the process of reaction,and the reaction order is first order.

在本研究范围内，通过对不同条件下的数学模型进行的反应动力学分析认为，光净化反应符合Langmuir-Hinshelwood动力学方程，反应级数一级。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。