一层

Pascal Cotte said da Vinci built the painting up in layers,the last being a special glaze whose optical properties in creased the illusion of a three-dimensional face.

柯特称，达芬奇在绘制这张画时使用了多层颜料，最表面的一层使用了一种特殊釉料，这种颜料的光学性能可增加人物面部的三维效果。

Pascal Cotte said da Vinci built the painting up in layers, the last being a special glaze whose optical properties increased the illusion of a three-dimensional face.

帕斯卡尔-柯特称，达芬奇在绘制这张画时使用了多层颜料，最表面的一层使用了一种特殊釉料，这种颜料的光学性能可增加人物面部的三维效果。

Due to this, our goal is to develop a new method to functionalize implant surface by plasma treatment. Argon plasma removes all chemical traces such as adsorbed contaminates and impurities. Oxidation in oxygen plasmas by ion bombardment results in a dense oxide layer.

因此，本研究利用低温电浆来发展一植体表面处理技术，先以氩气电浆清洁钛金属表面，再以氧电浆让钛金属表面产生一层致密的二氧化钛层。

But there was a big problem. In the past, each new version of Windows was written on top of earlier ones. The code became gangly. It resembled sedimentary rock with the occasional fossil of a long-lost feature or inadvertent vulnerability.

这里存在着这样的深层次问题，以往，新版的windows开发都是对以前代码的扩充，这就像一层一层的沉积岩，存在着长久就已经存在的致命设计缺陷。

On the lower one, we draw a largish circle of grey. Then in the upper layer, we draw a smaller circle of black.

在下面一层我们画出一个较大的灰色圆圈，在上面一层，我们画一个小一点的黑色圆圈。

There is a rich manganese micronodules' layer in the bottom of metalliferous claystone at the end of Eocene in central eastern Pacific according to the samples from site 573 of DSDP.

深海钻探573B孔始新世末与渐新世初地层界线处有一层含金属黏土，其底部有一微锰结核富集层。

Design the structure of high performance Low-E film including its material and thickness of every layer according to basic optical theory. Carry out an innovative work to calculate its optical performance by characteristic matrices and optical admittance. Compare the results with those we get by traditional measurement.3. Prepare Low-E films with RF magnetron controlled reactive sputtering. The result shows that in the visible region (380nm-780nm), the highest transmittance is 82.4% while the average value is 75%. In the NIR region (780nm-2500nm), the average transmittance is 16.2%. These characters can fit the demand of the glass used in architecture and cars, and also in other applications.4. We novelly use the material Titanium as protective layer to solve the problem that Ag layer would disappear when depositing the second TiO_2 layer. As the protective layer, Ti does not increase the number of targets so as to lower the costs. The thickness of the protective layer Titanium is adjusted by controlling of sputtering time. Results shows the Low-E films get the best optical character when the sputtering time of Titanium is 20 seconds5. We novelly proposed a new transmittance quality factor Q=_·(?_-__ to evaluate the performances of Low-E films, which makes it easier to judge the qualities of Low-E film.6. The photocatalysis of Titanium dioxides is researched and introduced into Low-E films. Sb-doped TiO_2 thin films are prepared. Its photocatalysis and hydrophilicity are measured.

论文的工作主要有：1、总结了低辐射薄膜的制备方法，性能，以及国内外最新研究进展和应用，并对两种类型的低辐射薄膜进行了比较。2、从光学基本理论开始，设计了离线低辐射薄膜的结构，包括每一层的材料和厚度，并创新性的用特性矩阵和光学导纳理论计算了该离线膜的光学性能，利用软件对其进行了仿真，与实际制备的薄膜所测量的性能相比较。3、完成在实验室仪器上制备低辐射薄膜，掌握其工艺条件，解决了超薄金属膜的制备问题，所制备的低辐射薄膜在可见光区(380hm-780hm)最高可达82.4%，平均透射率为75%；在近红外区(780nm-2500nm)的平均透射率为16.2%，其性能达到建筑物幕墙玻璃，汽车前挡玻璃等应用标准，并为进一步的大规模生产打下基础。4、针对中间银层在镀上层膜时易被氧化这一工艺难题，本研究创新性的提出用Ti膜作为保护膜，没有增加新的靶材，提高了生产效率，并节约了生产成本。

Sandwich rubber is a single layer of cellular rubber covered with a single outer layer of ordinary pimpled rubber, the thickness of the pimpled rubber not benig more than 2 mm .

&海绵胶&即在一层泡沫橡胶上覆盖一层普通颗粒胶，普通颗粒胶的厚度不超过2毫米。

Note: standard packing bags in a layer of woven plastic or outside, PE shrinkable film packaging bags.

注：标准包装为里面一层塑料袋外面一层编织袋或塑料收缩膜， PE 袋包装。

Tray soilless culture evolved by the nutrient flow technology in which there was only a layer of nutrient liquid and the oxygen was very enough was designed to improve the effect of wastewater purified by the terraneous It was showed that when the height of the tray was 1cm, and six layers of clothes were laid on the tank to filtrate and hold wetness the wastewater, furthermore, the gradient of the tank was between 2 and 8, the tray soilless culture was the most feasible.

为了提高陆生植物净化废水效果，根据仅有一层营养液流过栽培容器的底部而使供氧条件大大改善的营养液膜技术衍变而设计一种栽培方式即育苗盘种植。试验研究表明，最适的盘培方式为育苗盘高度为1cm，栽培槽上再铺设6层无纺布用于养鱼废水的过滤、保湿，另外，栽培槽的坡度设计在2％—8％之间。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了