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We have used GC to follow up the formation of epoxy acid and established the acidify condition; we have done series of parallel experiments to better the pivotal condensation reaction between acid and amine; In the cyclization step, we use cheap and available reagent-Lithium amide , rather than expensive LiHMDS, to proceed the reaction; and at last, we introduced green reagent-ozone to clear the phenyl group of nitrogen to avoid using heavy metal reagent-CAN. The total yield for this method is 29.8%.

通过GC监测，确定环氧酸的最佳酸化条件；对关键的酸和胺的缩合步骤，平行试验了多种条件；在环合一步，用价廉易得的氨基锂及催化量的HMDS代替昂贵的LiHMDS进行反应；氮上苯基的脱除采用臭氧，避免了重金属试剂-硝酸铈铵的使用，总收率为29.8％。

Significant improvements to the TOPMODEL were made on the distributed computation of runoff yield in the mesh scale which is equivalent to that of DEM in one hand,and an isochrones hydrograph was calibrated from rainfallrunoff observations for watershed convergence simulations on the other hand.These improvements were made to enhance the simulation ability of the TOPMODEL,meanwhile to extend the model′s adoptability in rainfallrunoff simulations to middle and large scale watersheds.

考虑到流域地形、下垫面条件及流域气象条件的空间差异性，将TOPMODEL的产流计算细化到每个栅格，以改进模型的分布式计算，并在考虑地形坡度影响的情况下，根据降水-径流资料优选出的参数率定等流时线、利用率定的等流时线进行流域的汇流计算，以提升TOPMODEL在中、大尺度流域模拟演算的能力。

It was suggested that the capacities of parthenogenesis and apogamy of rice were used to obtain stable lines in early hybrid generations.And several characteristics such as apomixis,cleistogamy,superior genes of qualities and resistance to disease and pest were combined and were used to search a new pathway of selecting high yield,superior quality and heteroresistance to diseases and pest,and lead to realize the purpose of fixing heterosis by apomixis.

利用水稻的孤雌生殖和无配子生殖能力，获得早世代稳定品系，建立快速育种方法，把无融合生殖特性与闭颖授粉、优质、抗性等特性结合探索高产优质多抗育种新途径，逐步实现利用无融合生殖固定杂种优势的目的。2。

According to this understanding, this thesis tries to modify PSO algorithm in order to improve its quality of solutions. The main approches include: using uniform design to ensure the uniform distribution of initial particles in the design space; adding mutation operation to increase the diversity of particles; decreasing the maximum velocity limitation and the velocity inertia automatically to balance the local and the global search efforts; developing a new approach to treat the design variables exceeding the bounds; using extensive local searches to escape local minimum. The overall effect of these approaches can yield better results for most test problems.

有鉴於此，本文针对粒子群演化法之流程参考相关文献并稍作改变，使得粒子群演算法在结果的收敛上更具优势，本文的主要改进的方法包括：应用均匀设计的概念使得初始的粒子可以更均匀地分布在空间上；利用突变增加粒子之间的差异性与多样性；利用适当控制的最大速度限制及惯性权重控制，达到区域搜寻与全域搜寻的效果；应用新的边界处理机制处理设计变数超过上、下限的问题；利用区域强化搜寻针对粒子附近地区，再作进一步的搜索以得到更佳之结果；将各种方法综合后配合粒子群演算法使用，可以得到不错的结果。

It is ridiculous for any one to profess himself to be a Mahometan only in his religion, but in everything else a faithful :（ct to a Christian magistrate, whilst at the same time he acknowledges himself bound to yield blind obedience to the Mufti of Constantinople, who himself is entirely obedient to the Ottoman Emperor and frames the feigned oracles of that religion according to his pleasure.

任何人这样做都是荒谬的：在信仰上宣称他是穆罕默德信徒，而在其它的事情上他又是基督徒法官的忠实的臣民；同时他又承认盲目的服从于君士坦丁堡的穆夫提（在奥托曼帝国时期，君士坦丁堡的穆夫提是伊斯兰国家的法学权威，总管律法和教义方面的所有事务。随着伊斯兰国家现代法律的发展，穆夫提的作用日益减小。如今，穆夫提的职权仅限于遗产继承、结婚、离婚等个人案件。

The Lower/Upper Cretaceous boundary in Songliao Basin is,therefore,between the Quantou and Denglouku formations,instead of between the Quantou and Qingshankou formations.2.The dark mudstones and shales in the Member 1 of Qingshankou Formation are of high organic carbon and low diasteranes contents.Organic geochemical characters are illustrated by biomarkers of 28,30-bisnorhopane and gammacerane,and positive excursion of kerogen isotopes.It is suggested that the dark mudstones and shales in the Member 1 of Qingshankou Formation are the products of lake anoxic period.It corresponds to the oceanic anoxic event at Cenomanian-Turonian boundary in Cretaceous.3.Based on the study of biostratigraphy,chronostratigraphy,magnetostratigraphy and event stratigraphy,a correlation of the lacustrine sequence to marine standard has been proposed,i.e.,the Quantou Formation corresponds to Cenomanian stage,Qingshankou Formation correlates to Later Cenomanian-Early Turonian,Yaojia Formation to Later Turonian-Coniacian,Nenjiang Formation to Santonian-Campanian.Sifangtai and Minshui Formations to Maastrichtian. 4.Analysis of lithology,lithofacies and microfossils of Cretaceous in Songliao Basin, shows that shore and shallow lake facies yield the most abundant microfossil groups,and the predelta and deltaic distributary plain facies rich in fossils as well.In the shore and shallow lake areas during the high level periods(such as Qingshankou and Nenjiang sedimentary periods),the lacustrine biota are of high diversity and high abundance.

因此，松辽盆地上、下白垩统的界线应在泉头组的底界，即泉头组与登娄库组之间，而不是泉头组的顶界。2、青山口组一段黑色泥岩、页岩具有有机碳含量高、重排甾烷含量低，生物标志物出现28，30—双降藿烷和伽马蜡烷，干酷根碳同位素具有正向偏移等有机地球化学特征，表征为青山口组一段黑色页岩、油页岩是古湖泊缺氧事件的产物，它对应于白垩纪古海洋Cenomanian—Turonian期界线附近缺氧事件，二者具同步性。3、通过生物地层学、年代地层学、磁性地层学和事件地层学研究，认为泉头阶大体相当于Cenomanian阶，青山口阶相当于晚Cenomanian—早Turonian阶，姚家阶对应于晚Turonian—Coniacian阶，嫩江阶对应于Santonian—Campanian阶，四方台阶和明水阶相当于Maastrichtian阶。4、通过对松辽盆地上白垩统的岩性、岩相及微体化石分析，认为滨浅湖相是微体生物群最为发育的相带，其次为三角洲前缘相和三角洲分流平原相。

Pyronine B adheres to on the surface of CdS and prevents CdS aggregating, which leads to the decrease of fluorescence quantum yield of CdS. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer happens from CdS to Rhodamine B, Butyl rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G, respectively. There is a higher FRET efficiency between CdS and Neutral red with the value being 0.282. Moreover, coupling reaction between -NH_2 of Neutral red and -COOH of CdS -TGA leads to red shift of CdS fluorescence spectrum. The reaction also occurs between Safranine T and CdS. At the same time, the Fluorescence of ST is quenched by forming ST -CdS ground state complex. Chapter 6, CdS QDs modified by chitosan and polyethyleneimine can be quenched by Cu~(2+). According to the experimental result, we develop the novel sensor for Cu~(2+).

研究结果，吡啰红与CdS之间作用形式是染料聚集在CdS的表面使得CdS不易聚集，但同时也降低了CdS的发光的量子效率；罗丹明B、罗丹明6G、丁基罗丹明B均与CdS之间存在能量转移，位阻效应使得能量转移效率最高的BRhB的相对荧光强度增大最小；中性红与CdS的能量转移效率更高，同时推测可能使CdS-TGA上的-COOH与部分NR的-NH_2发生偶联导致粒子变大而发生荧光光谱的红移；番红花红与CdS是相互荧光猝灭，可能是ST的-NH_2与CdS-TGA上的-COOH发生偶联使得纳米粒子变大以及二者形成基态复合物的共同作用的影响。

Let us accept the lesson—through death to life. In the power of Christ Jesus, with Whom we have been crucified, and Whose death now works in us, if we will yield ourselves to it, death to sin, death to the world with all its self-pleasing and self-exaltation, is to be the deepest law of our spiritual life.

靠著耶稣的力量，我们与祂同钉十字架，当「死」的力量在我们身上发动，我们就向罪死，向世界死，向眼目的情欲死，向自傲自满的心死；惟有治死老我，才能浴火重生，此乃属灵的定律。

Father, thy word is past, man shall find grace; And shall grace not find means, that finds her way, The speediest of thy winged messengers, To visit all thy creatures, and to all [ 230 ] Comes unprevented, unimplor'd, unsought, Happie for man, so coming; he her aide Can never seek, once dead in sins and lost; Attonement for himself or offering meet, Indebted and undon, hath none to bring: [ 235 ] Behold mee then, mee for him, life for life I offer, on mee let thine anger fall; Account mee man; I for his sake will leave Thy bosom, and this glorie next to thee Freely put off, and for him lastly dye [ 240 ] Well pleas'd, on me let Death wreck all his rage; Under his gloomie power I shall not long Lie vanquisht; thou hast givn me to possess Life in my self for ever, by thee I live, Though now to Death I yield, and am his due [ 245 ] All that of me can die, yet that debt paid, Thou wilt not leave me in the loathsom grave His prey, nor suffer my unspotted Soule For ever with corruption there to dwell; But I shall rise Victorious, and subdue [ 250 ] My Vanquisher, spoild of his vanted spoile; Death his deaths wound shall then receive, and stoop Inglorious, of his mortal sting disarm'd.

父亲啊，您的话一言为定，人将蒙受恩惠；何不想方设法派遣您飞得最快的长翼的使者去遍访你的一切生灵，叫他们都前来领受幸福，不受阻挠，不等哀求，也不用请愿！这样前来的人们，真值得庆幸！否则，一判死罪，而且沉沦，便永远不得救助；负债而破产，连赎买自己的东西都没有了。那好吧，请看我，我要以自己的生命，救赎他们，请把怒气发在我身上；把我当做凡人看，我要为凡人而离开父亲的怀抱，情愿抛弃仅次于我父的光荣地位，甘愿为他终于一死；任凭'死'把他全部的愤怒都发泄在我身上。在他的黑暗统治下，我不会永远屈服；您既给了我生命，永远为我所有，我因您而活，虽然如今我让步于'死'，凡我应当死的一切，都归他所有，但别让我所还的债，作为他的食饵，却把我遗留在令人憎恶的坟墓里，别让我纯洁无瑕的灵魂，永远住在坟茔里，与腐朽同居。我将要胜利而再起，制伏我的征服者，夺取他所夸耀的战利品。那时，'死'将受到致命的创伤，他那致命的毒刺将被拔掉，他的武装将被解除，他会大大丢脸。

Generally speaking, as long as you are a good measure of the total width of the window and the job can calculate the required amount of cloth, but if the measure on its own, then have to pay attention to some details, such as the window of a high degree of measurement from the start Chuang Lianhe To outweigh the lower edge of the window will not be emptied of its width is also probably have to pay more on the side of 5-10 cm, but if they are Banyao have to pay attention to whether there is a window sills, to be done within the window frame, then have to carefully Measure may not yield more than half a centimeter card does not go in and a half centimeters or less emptied of the situation, the track can be installed on the wall or ceiling should also note that some tracks can be linked to the ceiling can also be linked to the walls, some not I suggest you bring home a good-size windows notes, the regional states, take good pictures of each window to the stores, they will suggest you how to use the track and practice

一般来说只要您丈量好窗户的总宽和总高就可以计算所需的布量，但如果自行丈量的话有些细节得注意，比如说窗的高度得从窗帘盒内开始丈量到盖过窗的下缘才不会走光，宽度也是，大概一边都得多加个5-10公分，但如果是半腰窗就得注意是否有窗台，要做在窗框内的话就得仔细丈量不然有可能产多了半公分卡不进去或是少了半公分走光的状况，轨道可以安装的墙面或是天花板也要注意，有些轨道是可以挂天花板也可以挂墙壁的，有些不行，建议你把家里的窗户尺寸做好一份笔记，写明区域，拍好每一窗的照片给店家看，他们会建议您用怎样的轨道和做法

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！