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X-ray diffraction is one of the most common and efficient ways to measure a superlattice structure. This dissertation displays the detail results for characterization of Ge〓Si〓/Si superlattices by x-ray diffraction (including x-ray small angle diffraction and double crystal diffraction). It was found, when the growth temperature is lower, the intensities of xray small angle diffraction peaks are modulated by a periodical function, which indicates that both sets of interfaces of the superlattice is highly flat; when the growth temperature is higher, the diffraction peak intensities are simply decay with the increase of diffraction vector, which indicates that one set of interfaces is highly flat but another is not; when the growth temperature is very high, the diffraction peaks are reduced more rapidly, which indicates that both sets of interfaces are not ideal.

本文详细介绍了用X-射线衍射（包括X-射线小角衍射和双晶衍射）方法对Ge〓Si〓/Si超晶格结构特性测试的结果，尤其是发现，当Ge〓Si〓/Si超晶格的生长温度较低时，X-射线小角衍射谱峰的强度随着衍射波矢的增加而周期性调制，表明超晶格的两套界面都十分平整；当生长温度较高时，Ge〓Si〓Si超晶格的X-射线小角衍射谱峰的强度随着衍射波矢呈简单的衰减变化，对应于超晶格内有一套界面不平整的情况；当生长温度进一步提高时，X-射线小角衍射峰明显减少，表明超晶格内两套界面都不理想。

Let X be a real Banach space with strictly convex dual space X(superscript *) and G a bounded, open subset of X. T: DX→2 is a m-accretive operator, C: D→X is bounded operator.

设X是一个实Banach空间，X为其对偶空间，G是X的开、有界子集。T：DX→2是m-增生算子，C：D→X是有界算子。

Letbe a compact metric space, f: X→X a continuous map, and K(X,H a compact metric space consisting of all nonempty compact subsets of X.

设为紧致度量空间， f： X→X连续， K(X，H是 X所有非空紧致子集构成的紧致度量空间。

Thus, should we own 10% of Corporation X with earnings of $10 million in 1980, we would report in our earnings (ignoring relatively minor taxes on intercorporate dividends) either $1 million if X declared the full $10 million in dividends;$500,000 if X paid out 50%, or $5 million, in dividends; or zero if X reinvested all earnings.

最后若是持股比例低于20%，则依照会计原则，投资公司仅能认列被投资公司实际发放的股利部份，至于保留而不发放的部份盈余则不予理会，也因此假若我们持有一家X 公司10%的股份，又假设X公司在1980 年共计赚了1，000万美金，若X公司将盈余全部发放，则我们可认列100万的利益，反之若X公司决定保留全部盈余不予发放，则我们连一毛钱都不能认列。

Results There was a linear trend between logarithmic X and Y, the equation of logarithmic curve was able to be fitted, There was a linear trend between logarithmic Y and X, the equation of exponential curve was able to be fitted, There was a linear trend between logarithmic X and logarithmic Y, the equation of power curve can be fitted. There is a parabola pattern between X and Y, the equation of parabola was able to be fitted.

结果 X取自然对数与Y作散点图有直线趋势，拟合对数曲线方程；Y取自然对数与X作散点图有直线趋势，拟合指数曲线方程；X取自然对数与Y取自然对数作散点图有直线趋势，拟合幂函数曲线方程；原始数据X和Y成抛物线关系，拟合抛物线方程。

Results In 7 cases of odontoid process fracture, X-ray demonstrated 4 cases and CT demonstrated 5 cases, whereas the spiral CT reconstruction diagnosed 7 cases, which could display the displacement of fracture clearly. The X-ray and CT showed asymmetric space between left and right gaps of atlantoaxial joint in 6 cases, while spiral CT reconstruction showed normal and excluded the possibility of atlantoaxial dislocation. There was one case of lateral atlantoaxial joint dislocation, which was demonstrated by the spiral CT reconstruction clearly but not by the X-ray and CT scan. There were 3 cases of atlantoaxial congenital deformity (1 case of absence of both posterior arch of atlas and odontoid process and 2 cases of maldevelopment of the odontoid process), which were displayed clearly by spiral CT reconstruction, but misdiagnosed as odontoid process fracture and atlantoaxial subluxation by X-ray and CT scan.

结果 7例齿状突骨折中，X线显示4例，CT显示5例，CT重建确诊7例，且清楚显示骨折移位情况；6例X线、CT显示寰枢椎左右间隙不对称，通过CT重建排除寰枢关节半脱位；寰枢外侧关节脱位1例，CT重建可清楚显示，而X线片和CT平扫均未能显示；寰枢椎畸形3例，分别为齿状突、后弓缺如1例，齿状突发育不良2例，CT重建均能清楚显示，而X线、CT均误诊为齿状突骨折、寰枢椎半脱位。

Thirdly,we define a equivalence relation Rin the topology space X by the fibrewise function f ,and then we get the fibrewise quotient space X / R,we call it the fibrewise decomposition space of X .And last we discuss the relation between f and the natural mapping.

其三是，通过一个纤维映射f ： X→Y，在B上的纤维拓扑空间X中定义了一个等价关系R，得到X的纤维商空间X / R，称其为X的分解空间，最后也讨论了f与自然投射的关系。

For example, the open interval (0,1) does not have a least element : If ''x'' is in (0,1), then so is ''x''/2, and ''x''/2 is always strictly smaller than ''x''.

例如，开区间(0，1)没有最小元素：如果''x''在(0，1)中，则''x''/2 也在其中，而''x''/2 总是严格的小于''x''。

Results Compared high kV X-ray chest film with spiral CT,to simplex silicosis,X-ray films coincided with CT scans;to mixed silicosis,the effect of CT scans were better than X-ray's;to large nodule,coalesced progressive massive fibrosis,the detected ratio of CT scans were higher than X-ray chest films;to silicosis complication,for example,emphysema,pleural thickening,phthisic,mediastinal impairment lympy node etc,CT scans were more reliable than X-ray films,especially HRCT can earlier find silicotic nodule and fine structure of focus.Selective application of CT scan,had great diagnostic value in complicated silicosis and silco-tuberculosis and lung cancer complicated with silicosis etc.

结果 高千伏X线胸片与螺旋CT作对比，结果对单纯矽肺并发肺癌，CT片与X线胸片基本一致；对于复杂矽肺并发肺癌CT优于X线胸片；对于大结节、肺内进行性大块纤维化(progressive massive fibrosis，PMF)融合、空洞及钙化CT检出率明显高出胸片；对矽肺并发肺癌的合并其他如肺气肿、胸膜肥厚、结核、纵隔淋巴受累等CT均较胸片可靠；特别是HRCT能早期发现矽肺肿块样病灶中细微结构，选择性应用CT，对复杂矽肺并发肺癌合并结核等鉴别诊断有很大价值。

A self-converse Mendelsohn packing design of order v, denoted by (v, k,1)-SCMP, is defined to be a triple, where B is a collection of k-circuit of X such that every ordered pair of distinct points of X appears in at most one block of B, and / is a permutation on X such that Here, and whenB=(x0 ,x1,xk-1). The number of blocks in a (v, k, 1 )-SCMP is upperbounded by where 1 if v=l ande =0 , otherwise.

一个阶为v，区组大小为k的自反Mendelsohn填充设计，记为—SCMP，定义为一个有序三元组，其中X为v元点集，B为X的一族循环有序k元组，f为X上的一个置换，它满足如下性质：(1)对任意x，y∈X，x≠y，有序对至多包含在一个区组中；这里区组当且仅当和一个—SCMP所含的区组个数不超过，其中当V(v-1)≡1时，ε=1；否则ε=0。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。