查询词典 x chromosome

This text is mainly about the analysis of the palindromes of Y chromosome. We mainly used DOTTER program for detailed comparison of two sequences to obtain these results. The main contents are as follows:Chapter one mainly introduces the whole characteristics of human Y chromosome;Chapter two mainly describes the characteristics, functions andrecombination modes of the palindromes in Y chromosome;Chapter three mainly analyses the symmetries of 8 palindromes of Y chromosome, we find a mechanism of symmetry breaking in P2 palindrome from a detailed analysis;initially introduces other 7 palindromes.

本文主要借助于DOTTER程序对Y染色体的回文序列进行分析，主要内容如下：第一章主要介绍人类Y染色体的整体特征；第二章主要描述Y染色体中回文序列的特征、功能及重组模式；第三章主要是对Y染色体8个回文序列的对称性分析，主要对P2回文进行了详细分析，提出了P2回文的对称性发生破缺的机理；对其他7个回文进行了初步分析。

The result is: out of 187 cases of azoospermia, 77(41.18%)patients with abnormal chromosome(number and structural aberration); heteromorphic chromosome(Y chromosome polymorphisms and pericentric inversion of 9) and 46,XX sex reversal. Out of 30 cases of severe oligospermia, 4 patients with abnormal chromosome(structural aberration and 46,XX sex reversal).

发现187例无精症患者中检出异常核型77例（41.18%）（其中46，XY，t(6；14)(p21；p13)，46，XY，t(8；12)(p21；q24)为世界首报核型），主要涉及染色体异常；染色体异态（Y染色体异态和9号染色体臂间倒位）及46，XX性反转；30例严重少精症患者中检出异常核型4例（13.33%）（结构异常和46，XX性反转）。

This experiment works on:1.prepare marrow cell chromosome samples;2.take pictures of chromosome in karyon by lens-check;3.Measure the length of chromosome short arm and long arm,calculate the relative length of frog chromosome and the arm index and the position of centromere,with the leven method of outside-body karyon pattern analysis.

本实验制备了骨髓细胞的染色体标本，并且通过镜检拍下一个细胞核中染色体的照片，用leven方法进行体外核型分析，测量每条染色体的长臂长与短臂长，并计算出青蛙染色体的相对长度，臂指数和着丝粒。

Hypotrichids ciliate macronucleus chromosome was named "genesize chromosome", which carrying the gene coding sequence flankedby short non-translated regions and bounded by telomeres (C_4)_4(A_4)_3.Macronucleus chromosome is furthest simple chromosome ineukaryotic cell.

下毛类纤毛虫的大核染色体被称为"基因大小染色体(gene-size chromosome)"，其含有一个基因编码序列，5′和3′端各有一段基因表达调控序列以及端粒序列(C_4)_4(A_4)_3，是真核生物中结构最简约染色体。

They are often morphologically distinct from A chromosomes, being smallerand more highly heterochromatic in most cases. B chromosomes do not pair with Achromosomes, and they are inherited in a non-Mendelian way, exhibiting meiotic andmitotic instability and nondisjunction. However, B chromosome DNA is quiteidentical to the corresponding sequence on the A chromosome complement. So far afew B chromosome specific DNA sequence have been identified. Specific DNAsequences on B chromosome have been the attractive research area on Bchromosomes.

现已在千余种植物和近三百种动物中被发现。B染色体与物种中正常染色体不同：独立于整倍体基因组之外，减数分裂时不与A染色体发生联会和配对，细胞分裂后期不分离，非孟德尔遗传，富含异染色质，不含对宿主主要性状有影响的基因等。B染色体DNA的分子组成既与A染色体极为相似，具有A染色体DNA分子组成的一般特征：富含重复序列和转座成分，染色体三大功能组件DNA高度同源；又与之相区别，含有B染色体特异的DNA序列，这些DNA序列可以为探讨B染色体的起源和进化提供有价值的信息。

The quadrivalent was made of the normal 11 chromosome, the normal 18 chromosome, the translocated 11; 18 chromosome and the translocated 18; 11 chromosome.

精母细胞中SC分析，在早粗线期、中粗线期和晚粗线期精母细胞中，均发现22个常染色体SC和一个XY-二价体，即23个二价体；未发现22个二价体和一个单价体细胞，说明这条rob（21q；21q）染色体的两个臂完全配对形成发夹结构，形态上与正常SC一样，但与正常21号SC相比，其相对长度变短，由正常的1.5±0.1变为1.25±0.05。

The results showed that, under P sufficient conditions, 2 QTL were identified for SPUE on chromosome 1B and 5A, respectively; 3 QTL were detected on chromosome 2B, 5A and 7A, respectively, influencing WPUE. Under P deficient conditions, 3 QTL on chromosome 2D, 3B, and 6D were detected for SPUE, and 2 QTL on chromosome 2D and 7A for WPUE.

结果表明，正常供磷，有2个与SPUE有关的QTL，分别位於染色体1B和5A上，变异解释分别为6.55%和11.61%；与WPUE有关的QTL有位於染色体2B、5A和7A上的3个；SPUE和WPUE还分别受一对互作位点的影响。

Three kinds of embryos' chromosome, including goat fertilization embryo, goat-goat cloned embryo and goat-rabbit cloned embryo were analyzed, The results showed that all of them have 60 chromosomes with same character, all were telocentric chromosome, besides the X-chromosome is the second larger telocentric chromosome.

经对超排获得的山羊受精胚、山羊同种克隆胚和羊-兔异种克隆胚的囊胚期胚胎染色体分析表明，三种来源的胚胎其染色体数目均为60条，且所有常染色体均为端部着丝点染色体，X染色体为第二大的端部着丝点染色体，说明山羊同种克隆胚和山羊-兔异种克隆胚均为山羊的核型，是供体细胞核在不同胞质中的重新编程的结果。4。

Software and results were saved in EXCEL for consequent statistic operation and obtaining chromosome patterns. 4 indexes were chose, such as chromosome karyotype, C-band pattern, chromosome behavior and B chromosome for comparative analyses, and adopted SPSS to reconstruct dendrogram. Combined with studies on insect morphology and insect geography, we made a detailed analysis and speculation on the relationship of taxa concerned. Finally we got the conclusions as follows: 1. The number of chromosomes in grasshoppers of Oedipodiae is 2n 〓=23=22+XO. All chromosomes are telocentric chromosomes. Most of the genome formulas are 3L+6M+2S+X and 3

论文选取染色体核型、C-带带型、染色体行为和B染色体这4个方面的指标进行比较分析，运用SPSS系统分析软件建立表达各属和各种之间亲缘关系的系统树，并结合昆虫形态学和昆虫地理学等方面的研究成果，对其亲缘关系进行了比较详细的分析和推测，得出以下结论：一、斑翅蝗科蝗虫的染色体数目都稳定在2n〓=23条，性别决定机制是XO型，染色体均为端部着丝粒，染色体组式以3L+6M+2S+X和3L+7M+1S+X这两种类型为主，即3对大型染色体，6～7对中型染色体和2～3对小型染色体，X染色体以中型为主，在染色体组中主要排列为4～7位。

Other three alien translocation lines referring to chromosome Lr.14 of L.racemosus were also induced via irradiated pollens.After irradiated by gamma raysof 1KR does,the pollens of T.aestivum-L.racemosus Lr.14 disomic addition lineswere used to pollinate wheat varieties"Yangmai No.5"and"Mianyang No.11".M1plants have pairing between wheat chromosomes and Lr.14 ofL.racemosus at PMCMI stage were self-pollinated,and the M2 seeds used to be Giemsa C-banded andfluorescence in situ hybridized.As the result,three alien translocation lines wereobtained and T12 was observed to have distal translocation chromosomes betweenLr.14S and a wheat chromosome segment(TW-Lr.14S·Lr.14L).T13 wasidentified to contain mostly-alien-translocation chromosome(TLr.14L·Lr.14S-W).T14 was proved to contain a translocation between Lr.14L and 6BS,with approximatebreakpoint at 6BS2.2 region, FL0.22 in the short arm of chromosome T6BL.6BS-Lr.14L.

用普通小麦-大赖草Lr.14二体异附加系经辐射处理过的花粉给扬麦5号和绵阳11号授粉，M1代植株进行PMC MI染色体配对分析和Giemsa C-分带，选出PMCMI小麦和大赖草染色体发生配对的植株进行自交，M2代经RTC M期染色体C-分带和原位杂交，鉴定出3个小麦-大赖草易位系，其中T12为由Lr.14大部分和一个小麦染色体片段组成的易位染色体(TLr.14L·Lr.14S-W)；T13含由Lr.14染色体绝大部分与小麦染色体的一个小片段组成的易位染色体(TLr.14L·Lr.14S-W)；T14易位系的染色体易位发生在小麦6BS2.2区和大赖草Lr.14L之间，易位断点在T6BL·6BS-Lr.14L易位染色体的FL0.22附近。

The use of the web to spread fears that flicking the switch on the LHC could create a Black Hole that could swallow up the Earth particularly concerned him, he said.

他说，使用互联网散布恐慌说启动LHC会生成一个可能吞噬地球的黑洞的做法让他感到忧虑。

Not a single word have I written down.

我一个字也没有写下来。