查询词典 writer's cramp

I never associated "writer's cramp" with being left-handed.

我从来没有相关的"书写痉挛"与目前的左手。

Holding your pencil too tightly for too long often gives you writer's cramp.

笔拿得太紧、太久，常引起书写疼痛症。

Writer's cramp pain or stiffness in the hand,caused by writing for a long time

书写痉挛(因长久书写引起手部的疼痛或强直)。

They write that the article by Delmaire and colleagues adds evidence of cerebellar involvement in writer's cramp."This may be an important area that we need to pay attention to," Dr. Perlmutter told Medscape.

他们表示，Delmaire及其同事的文章指出小脑和写字性痉挛症有关的证据，Perlmutter 医师向Medscape表示，这或许是我们需要注意的重要区域。

Occupational neurosis, including writer's cramp

职业性精神官能症，包含书写痉挛

The spatial narrative structures in Calvino's fictions can be divided into three types :"the building of two worlds "is the main way in the earlier writing phase of Neorealist and Fairy tale .Dimidiation and mergence is the art feature .It signs that the sense of the world and the creative ideas of the writer start to form;"Synchrony and Juxtaposition "and "Crystal pattern "are the prominent characteristics during his Postmodernism writings phase. The writer takes the complex and diverse form of space art, such as segments、juxtaposition、defamiliarization、crystal's combination and derivatives, ect. to represent the essence of the world, and to exprsee the writer's confusion and efforts to understand and build a sense of it.

卡尔维诺小说的空间叙事结构具有阶段性，可以分为三种不同的类型："两个世界的构建"是早期新现实主义和童话寓言创作阶段的主要方法，二分和弥合是其艺术特点，标志作家世界感和创作观念开始形成；"共时并置"和"晶体模式"则是后现代主义小说创作时期的突出特征，作家以片断、并置、陌生化、晶体组合衍生等复杂多样的空间化艺术形式来表现世界的本质以及自身理解世界、构建意义的困惑和努力。

In the part I, the concept, development and current lawmaking status of E-mail are introduced. In this part, the writer states the source, development and basic technical principals of E-mail and analyses its current application status and the importance of effectiveness identification of being evidence. Besides, related international laws on E-mail and lawmaking status in many countries are introduced. Present situation of our country's lawmaking and related model laws since the utilization of E-business and E-mail are also stated and discussed. Part II emphasizes on the differences between E-mail and traditional evidences and generalizes the characteristics of E-mail, i.e.: forgeability, changeability, dependence, uncertainty, duplicatability and transmission. Through the detailed analysis, the writer concludes that it is the above-mentioned characteristics to hinder E-mail becoming the effective evidence. Part III is the key one of this article and mainly discusses the effectiveness identification of E-mail as evidence. In this part, the writer states how the 5 characteristics of E-mail mentioned in Part II to affect the validity and authenticity of E-mail as evidence.

第一部分介绍了电子邮件的概念、发展及立法现状，在该部分中笔者详细阐述了电子邮件的产生、发展以及电子邮件运作的基本技术原理，论述了电子邮件目前的应用状况以及解决其作为证据被认定问题的重要性，同时还介绍了世界上与电子邮件有关的相关国际规范以及各国立法的情况，并讨论了我国自电子商务及电子邮件使用以来的立法现状以及相关的典型立法；第二部分重点阐述了电子邮件与传统证据的区别，并将这些区别归纳为电子邮件作为数据电文的一种类型所具有的特殊属性，即：易伪造性，易修改性，依附性，原件不确定性，易复制和传播性，通过对这些特性的详细阐述，得出了这些属性是导致电子邮件无法成为有效证据的主要障碍的这一结论；第三部分是本文的重点，着重讨论了电子邮件证据效力的认定问题，该部分主要阐述了第二部分提及的电子邮件的五个特性造成了电子邮件证据在合法性和真实性这二方面的障碍。

As to the procedure of obtaining evidence, the writer points out some procedures which are illegal and will result in the invalid of E-mail; as to the authenticity, several methods to identify were concluded and their advantages and disadvantages are also listed. In addition, the writer points out that the laws in force on the authenticity of E-mail were very macroscopic and vague. And there are not concrete laws in effect to identify the authenticity of E-mail without electronic signature and encryption. So the writer explains his views that each links of E-mail's lifecycle should be deeply analyzed and checked to exclude the possibilities of unauthenticity of E-mail.

就取证程序方面，该部分则指出了哪些取证程序是违反法律并可能会导致电子邮件无效；就电子邮件真实性的问题，本文主要从现有立法归纳出几种认定电子邮件真实性的具体方式，并阐述了这些方式的利弊，同时笔者还在该部分指出，现行法律对于电子邮件真实性问题的认识，仍仅停留在宏观层面，显得过于宽泛，尤其是针对未经签署电子签名和加密的电子邮件真实性的认定问题，现行法律没有进行具体规范。

So when an early writer shows his familiarity with them, quotes them as authoritative and as evidently well known to his readers, it may be taken as a proof not only of the existence and widespread knowledge of the Epistles, but that the writer took them for what they claim to be, genuine Epistles of St. Paul; and if the writer lived in the time of Apostles, of Apostolic men, of disciples of Apostles, and of Timothy and Titus (as did Ignatius, Polycarp, and Clement) we may be sure that he was correct in doing so.

因此，当早期的作家表明他熟悉他们，他们是权威的报价和明显众所周知他的读者，可以作为证据，不仅存在和广泛的知识的书信，但作者把他们的他们声称，真正的书信圣保罗；如果作家生活在使徒的时候，男人的使徒，使徒的门徒和蒂莫和提图斯（伊格内修一样，波利卡普，和克莱门特），我们可能可以肯定，他是正确的这样做。

So when an early writer shows his familiarity with them, quotes them as authoritative and as evidently well known to his readers, it may be taken as a proof not only of the existence and widespread knowledge of the Epistles, but that the writer took them for what they claim to be, genuine Epistles of St. Paul; and if the writer lived in the time of Apostles, of Apostolic men, of disciples of Apostles, and of Timothy and Titus (as did Ignatius, Polycarp, and Clement) we may be sure that he was correct in doing so.

因此，当早期的作家表明他熟悉他们，他们报价的权威性和明显众所周知，他的读者，可以作为一个证明不仅存在和广泛的知识，书信，但作者把他们的他们声称，真正的书信的圣保罗，如果作者生活在使徒时，男子的使徒的弟子门徒，以及霍震霆和提图斯（伊格内修一样，波利卡普，并克莱门特）我们可以可以肯定，他是正确的这样做。

Metro Cash and Carry, a German wholesaler that sells to hotels and restaurants, trains farmers in looking after their crops, encouraging them to store their vegetables in boxes rather than leaving them to spoil on the ground.

德国批发商Metro Cash and Carry同宾馆和餐馆做生意，培训农民照看庄家，鼓励农民将蔬菜储存在箱子中，而不是将它们放在地上任其腐烂。

"What do you want, Martin?"

&你需要的是什么，马丁？&