查询词典 workpiece

Marc this paper carried out a finite element numerical simulation on the forming process of cold extruding for the starlike sleeve of constant speed cardan joint of car. The interrelated technological problems of numerical simulation were discussed in detail, the variation curve of extruding force during the course of loading, the cloud chart, which varies along with time, of temperature field distribution of workpiece, the equivalent plastic strain cloud chart of workpiece and the stress distribution cloud chart of diem inner ring were obtained thus explained fairly nice the reason of fatigue damage of dies.

Marc对轿车等速万向节星形套冷挤压成型过程进行了有限元数值模拟，详细讨论了有关数值模拟技术问题，得出了挤压力在加载过程中的变化曲线、工件随时间变化的温度场分布云图、工件等效塑性应变云图及模具内圈的应力分布云图，较好地解释了模具疲劳破坏的原因。

Simulation of micro-milling process is conducted using finite element method. During modeling, the Johnson-Cook's coupled thermal-mechanical model was employed as workpiece material model, the Johnson-Cook s shear failure principle was adopted as work piece failure principle, and the coupled thermal-mechanical hexahedron strain hybrid modules and adaptive grid were used to remesh the workpiece's elements. The friction between the tool and workpiece obeys the amended coulomb's law that combines with the sliding friction and the adhesive friction.

采用有限元方法对微细铣削过程进行模拟，采用Johnson-Cook热力耦合模型作为工件材料模型，采用Johnson-Cook的剪切失效法则作为工件材料的失效准则，采用热力耦合平面应变杂交单元并使用自适应网格技术进行网格划分，刀具与工件间的摩擦采用滑动摩擦区和粘着摩擦区相结合的修正库仑定律。

On the base of the single-diameter laser-scanned measuring technology, a double direction laser-scanned measuring system is presented. Which combinate the laser-scanned measuring technology with special optical system. In the system, the collimation semiconductor laser-scanned beam scanning two perpendiculars direct of one plane of the measured workpiece at the same time is made. The beams with the dimension information of two perpendiculars direct are processed by the scanning receive system, the high-speed photoelectric transition and electronic data process. Two measured results of the diametric directs and ellipse tolerance,etc, parameter, of the turning workpiece on the same plane are obtained by non-contact automatic measurement. The problem of non-contact measurement of two perpendiculars direct of one plane of turning workpiece is settled. It processes many peculiarities, such as high speed, high accuracy and non-contact automatic measurement, etc.

在单向激光扫描检测技术的基础之上，提出了一种双向激光扫描检测系统，其采用激光扫描检测技术与特殊光学系统相结合，用准直半导体激光扫描光束对被测工件径向某一截面的两个相互垂直方向同时扫描，经扫描接收光学系统、高速光电变换、电子学系统和微机数据处理系统，对将携带有垂直方向被测量信息的光束进行处理，实现了回转体工件同一截面两个垂直方向的径向尺寸和椭圆度等参数的非接触自动测量，解决了同时非接触测量回转体零件同一截面两个径向尺寸的难题，它具有高速，高精度和非接触自动测量等特点。

Lid done with stainless steel plate floor, built-silicate insulation, Furnace Door size 350 mm wide, 580 mm high, the overall lateral wall elevate electric holding furnace door, Furnace Door closure of the Furnace Door as a whole round , Furnace Door sealing performance enhancements, dial made of stainless steel by 1600 m / m turntable, used to load the workpiece, the entire wheel of the plane is not division, the operator can be stacked workpiece, as dial-rotation every 40 minutes a week , when the operator can not see dial in almost rotation, and Furnace Door open the larger operators can be arbitrary and out of the workpiece, and without time limits can dial in 20-60 minutes a week to arbitrary rotation speed, regardless of Furnace Door hoist, from the start of work on the dial continuous rotation, and there was no need for chain hoist Furnace Door, the need to stop rotating, just press the control cabinet, stop button, the gate Furnace Door, operators to seize its own, activated installed in the furnace door open and close button.

炉盖采用不锈钢板做底板，内置硅酸铝保温，炉门尺寸宽350mm，高580mm，侧墙体中整体向上提升式电动保温炉门，炉门关闭时整个炉门为一个圆形整体，炉门密封性能增强，转盘采用不绣钢制成1600m/m转盘，用以承载工件之用，整个转盘为平面不分工位，操作人员可以任意堆放工件，由于转盘每40分钟旋传一周，工作时操作人员几乎看不到转盘在转动，加上炉门开的较大，操作人员可以任意进出工件，而不受时间限转盘可以在20--60分钟旋转一周的时间任意调速，不论炉门启闭、转盘从启动工作就不间断的旋转，没有任何必要与炉门启闭进行联锁，需要停止旋转时，只需按下控制电柜上的停止按钮即可，炉门的启闭，由操作人员自行掌握，按动安装在炉门边的启闭钮即可。

Because the workpiece is in dynamic balance, the resultant moment acting on it should be zero. Introducing the moment from lapping tool and press head a moving differential equation is built. In this equation only workpiece rotating speed is unknown. It means that workpiece rotating speed can be got by this equation. Since there is a transcendental function in integral function of the equation an analytic result can not be got, only digital result can be got by a computer. Thus a change rule of workpiece rotating speed with lapping parameters is known, e.g. the radius of press disc ball socket, radius of press head ball, the distance between the workpiece rotating axis and lapping tool rotating axis, workpiece radius, modulus of elasticity of the press head and press disc, friction coefficients between the lapping tool and workpiece, and between the head and disc, pressure between the lapping tool and workpiece and pressure between the press head and press disc.

因工件处于动态平衡状态，其上所受到的来自于磨具和压头的力矩应相等，将二力矩表达式联立，建立工件运动微分方程，该方程中只有工件的旋转角速度是未知量，因此可以求出工件旋转角速度，但该方程积分式中含有超越函数，得不出解析解，只能通过计算机求出数值解，得出工件旋转角速度随各研磨参数的变化规律，如压盖球座半径、压头的球头半径、工件回转中心相对磨具回转中心的偏心距、工件半径、压头和压盖材料的弹性模量、磨具与工件间的摩擦系数、压头压盖间的摩擦系数、磨具与工件间的压强、压头压盖间的压力等。

Microcomputer is in real time controlling the electrolytical field at the electro-chemical dissolution spot of workpiece,which is scanning over the workpiece surface during the machining process, so that the rate of metal removal is varying during the scanning, and the required geometry of the workpiece can be obtained.

可控电解珩磨是以微机实时控制电解珩磨过程中工件表面的电解电场强度，从而调控各点的金属去除速度，获得工件要求几何形状精度的新加工方法。

These issues include: the main axis may cause a similar problem with the main axis of the fault has affected the accuracy of bending; workpiece clamping possible problem is that the workpiece center and the main discrepancies, which could lead to instability in rotating workpiece; servo motor failure: the feed system Ball Screw bending and oil do not lead to rust long run can also be caused by poor, such as the same issues.

这些问题包括：主轴主要可能引起类似问题的故障有主轴弯曲影响精度；工件装夹方面可能的问题是工件中心和主轴不一致，由此可能导致工件转动不稳；伺服电机出现故障：进给系统中滚珠丝杠的弯曲和长时间不上油导致生锈运行不畅等也可能引起相同的问题等。

According to the wire electrode on the trajectory of the different forms of control, WEDM can be divided into three types:* is a copy-control, cutting their lines in advance to create the shape of the workpiece and the same mode *, When the rough machining parts and die at the same time * Clamping in the machine tool table, in the process of cutting wire electrode tightly * close to the edge of model for mobile track, thus cutting out the model * with the same shape and precision to work; another One is the optical tracking control, the cutting in line before the first parts in accordance with drawings by a certain ratio of enlarge depicts an electro-optical tracking maps, drawings will be processed when the machine electro-optical tracking placed on the stage, followed on the stage The first photo has to follow the ink line graphics track movement, and then through the use of electrical, mechanical linkage to control the machine tool table work together with the relative electrode wire Xiang Sixing do sports in order to cut out the pattern and shape of the workpiece to the same; a re - Is a digital process control, advanced digital automatic control technology, machine-driven process in accordance with the geometry of the workpiece before the parameters of good pre-processing CNC automatic completion of the processing, production do not look like without drawing board also plans to enlarge, in front of more than two Control in the form of higher precision processing and broad scope of application, at home and abroad for more than 95% of WEDM have been using digital technology.

根据对电极丝运动轨迹的控制形式不同，电火花线切割机床又可分为三种：一种是*模仿形控制，其在进行线切割加工前，预先制造出与工件形状相同的*模，加工时把工件毛坯和*模同时装夹在机床工作台上，在切割过程中电极丝紧紧地贴着*模边缘作轨迹移动，从而切割出与*模形状和精度相同的工件来；另一种是光电跟踪控制，其在进行线切割加工前，先根据零件图样按一定放大比例描绘出一张光电跟踪图，加工时将图样置于机床的光电跟踪台上，跟踪台上的光电头始终追随墨线图形的轨迹运动，再借助于电气、机械的联动，控制机床工作台连同工件相对电极丝做相似形的运动，从而切割出与图样形状相同的工件来；再一种是数字程序控制，采用先进的数字化自动控制技术，驱动机床按照加工前根据工件几何形状参数预先编制好的数控加工程序自动完成加工，不需要制作模样板也无需绘制放大图，比前面两种控制形式具有更高的加工精度和广阔的应用范围，目前国内外95％以上的电火花线切割机床都已采用数控化。

Wire electrode based on the trajectory of the different forms of control, WEDM can be divided into three types: one is shaped by the imitation controlled cutting in line in advance and work to create the same shape by mold, when processing the workpiece at the same time rough and on the mold clamping in the machine tool table, in the process of cutting wire electrode tightly against the mold on the edge of the track for the mobile, thus cutting out and die on the same shape and precision to the workpiece; another One is the electro-optical tracking control, to carry out the cutting line, before the basis of certain parts to enlarge the proportion of drawings depicts an electro-optical tracking map-processing machines will be placed in design stage of electro-optical tracking, tracking platform Photoelectric first line of graphics has always been to follow the track of the Mexican campaign, and then through the use of electrical, mechanical linkage to control the machine tool table, together with the workpiece so相似形wire electrode relative movement, thus cutting out the same shape and design to the workpiece; again a digital control, the use of advanced automatic control of digital technology-driven machine tool in accordance with the pre-processing parameters according to the workpiece geometry pre-processing procedures for the preparation of a good CNC auto-complete processing, the production does not require appearance on board the need to map to enlarge map of the previous two form of control has a higher machining accuracy and a broad range of applications, both at home and abroad more than 95% have adopted WEDM NC.

根据对电极丝运动轨迹的控制形式不同，电火花线切割机床又可分为三种：一种是靠模仿形控制，其在进行线切割加工前，预先制造出与工件形状相同的靠模，加工时把工件毛坯和靠模同时装夹在机床工作台上，在切割过程中电极丝紧紧地贴着靠模边缘作轨迹移动，从而切割出与靠模形状和精度相同的工件来；另一种是光电跟踪控制，其在进行线切割加工前，先根据零件图样按一定放大比例描绘出一张光电跟踪图，加工时将图样置于机床的光电跟踪台上，跟踪台上的光电头始终追随墨线图形的轨迹运动，再借助于电气、机械的联动，控制机床工作台连同工件相对电极丝做相似形的运动，从而切割出与图样形状相同的工件来；再一种是数字程序控制，采用先进的数字化自动控制技术，驱动机床按照加工前根据工件几何形状参数预先编制好的数控加工程序自动完成加工，不需要制作靠模样板也无需绘制放大图，比前面两种控制形式具有更高的加工精度和广阔的应用范围，目前国内外95%以上的电火花线切割机床都已采用数控化。切割属电加工范畴，是由前苏联人发明的，我国是第一个用于工业生产的国家，当时由复但大学和苏州长风机械厂合作生产的这是最早的机型叫复旦型，我们国内在此基础上发展了快走丝系统。欧美和日本发展了慢走系统LS

Results and Conclusion When the workpiece is of little elastic deformation, the discretization approach as proposed in this paper is appli- cable not only to the mathematical modeling for thread-cutting process, but to the modeling for processing simple workpiece by using complex cutter, and processing complex workpiece by using simple cutter.

结果和结论作者提出的离散化思路在工件弹性变形不大时，不仅适用于螺纹切削过程的数学建模，亦适用于其它复杂形状刀具加工简单形状工件和用简单形状刀具加工复杂形状工件时的数学建模。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。