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The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

On the view of the application requirement that sets up modern power generation management information system, catching the key element which for successful implement management information system, application function model, implement modern enterprise manage scheme, taking the management information system which of TianJin DaTang PanShan Power Generation Co., Ltd with the trait of "new factory new system" as antetype, this article expands the research in the field.

本文从建设现代发电企业管理信息系统的应用需求出发，基于成功实施管理信息系统的关键要素——应用功能模型，以采用现代企业管理模式，具有"新厂新制"特色的天津大唐盘电公司管理信息系统为原型，展开论文的研究。

Air China has developed on its own the operation management system, integrated satellite telephone system, space data communication system and shortwave wireless system, which made it the first airline company with the super long-distance supervision capacity in the country. In 2004, after the use of shortwave communication systems, the supervision network which has Beijing and Lhasa as the core, covers the Asian continent, the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean stretching to the arctic pole area.

国航自行研制开发了运行管理系统，集成了卫星电话系统、空地数据通讯系统和短波无线电系统，使国航成为国内第一家具有超远程监控能力的航空公司，尤其是2004年短波通信系统的投入使用，形成了以北京、拉萨两点为圆心，全方位、全时空、全天候覆盖亚洲大陆、印度洋和太平洋，并延伸到北极区域的监控网络。

In order to implement PSSLC comprehensively,the following goalsmust be achieved.First we must specify that PSSLC is the fundamental target of thedevelopment of our CSAS,and that the choice of appointed and selected leading cadresbelow the rank of vice-minister must be brought into the field of the system.Thus it willhelp to accelerate the transition process of the system and to form at soonest the new CSASpattern with PSSLC as principle part coordinated by other CSAS including the system oftaking position through competition and recommendation-appointment system.Second wemust modify＜The Provisional Regulations for national Public Servant＞and＜TheProvisional Regulations for the work of Selection and Appointment of Party andGovernment cadres＞and improve reserve cadres institution and other relative institutionsto adapt PSSLC.We must found a necessary examination management organization forPSSLC to provide an organizational guarantee for the overall implementation of PSSLC.

要全面推行公开选拔领导干部制度，必须明确该项制度是我国干部选拔任用制度发展的主体目标，把副部级以下委任制领导干部和选任制领导干部人选纳入公开选拔的范围，加速干部选拔任用制度的转轨进程，以早日形成以公开选拔领导干部制度为主体，以竞争上岗制和荐举委任制等干部选拔任用制度为配套的干部选拔任用的新格局；必须修改《国家公务员暂行条例》《党政领导干部选拔任用工作暂行条例》并完善后备干部制度等相关制度，以使之与公开选拔领导干部制度衔接与配套；必须建立相应的公开选拔领导干部考试管理机构，为全面推行公开选拔领导干部制度提供坚强有力的组织保障。

Based on the study of the Recycling Network System of WEEE, one part of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission research of "Technology for Distilling Aurum from WEEE and Establishment of recycling network" which the author studies in cooperation with DongHua University, combined with the relevant researches home and abroad, using the technology of GIS, the dissertation studies the recycling network system of WEEE in Shanghai systematically and comprehensively with the methods of the combination of qualitative and quantitative and of the synthetic integration from qualitative to quantitative, etc.

本文作者基于与东华大学合作的上海市科委重点科研项目"电子废弃物提金技术与网络化"的子课题"电子废弃物回收网络体系研究"的基础上，结合国内外相关研究概况，基于GIS技术，采用定性与定量相结合、从定性到定量的综合集成法，对上海市电子废弃物回收网络体系的建立进行了系统和全面的研究。

We firstly summarize the NN system modeling methods and the popular optimization algorithms, and point out the deficiencies, the limitation of noise cancellation modeling and the need of human intelligence participation, in our former optimization work after analysis. An abstract problem is extracted. It is to find out control variant that makes system output optimized using the data comprising a sample set with N x samples and their corresponding y, and it does not explore given system and achieves full automatic computation procedure. Next we propose a multi-variant controlled system optimization method utilizing CASSANDRA-I small type neural computer and program its application software. Moreover systematic experiments are made to demonstrate the method's validity, ability of noisy samples disposal and practical application.

我们总结了神经网络系统建模方法以及得到广泛采用的优化算法，并分析指出我们前阶段的优化工作中存在的去噪声建模有局限性和计算过程需人干预的不足，在此基础上把问题抽象为：已从系统获得含N个控制量样本的样本集S以及每个样本对应的系统输出，如何依据这些数据求出一个使系统输出y得到优化的控制量x，而不研究具体系统，实现不需要人智能参与自动完成的计算过程；提出应用人工神经网络硬件系统——CASSANDRA-I小型神经计算机的多变量控制系统优化方法，设计完成了其应用软件；并进行系统的实验工作，验证算法的有效性以及此方法处理带噪声样本和实际应用能力。

The paper also studied the antioxidation capacity of soybean peptides in the food system and non-food system. The results showed that the soybean peptides can prolong the inducing period of the axunge oxygenation and cooperate with hydroxybenzene antioxidant which was more obvious in the food system. In the non-food system, the soybean peptides can control the autooxidation speeds of octadecadienoic acid and diphenolic compound and the effect on the latter was more obvious.

论文对大豆多肽在食物体系与非食物体系中的抗氧化性能做了研究，结果表明：大豆多肽在食物体系中能够延长油脂氧化酸败的诱导期，而且与酚类抗氧化剂协同作用，效果更为明显；在非食物体系中，大豆多肽能够抑制亚油酸的自氧化及邻苯三酚的自氧化速率，其中对后者的抑制作用较前者显著。

Besides, the following two features of the book seem to be very incomprehensible: on the one hand, the book includes a full-scale version of Western astrology, not only medical and meteorological one permitted by the Catholic Church, but even natal astrology forbiden by the chruch as well; on the other hand, at the high time when the Tychonic system of calendrical astronomy constructed by Johann Terrenz Schreck (1576-1630), Johann Adam Schall von Bell (1591–1666) and Giacomo Rho (1593－1638) had been contributed by Schall himself to the newly founded Qing dynasty which had officially adopted it immediately, Smogulecki was preaching in the book a system based on Philippe van Lansberge's (1516 – 1632) heliocentric astronomy, and openly claimed that Schall's Tychonic system still committed a number of deficiencies and was outdated, and therefore should be replaced with the Lanbergian system.

另外，该书的两大特点也令人不解：首先，其中包含有完整版本的西方星占学知识，不仅包括天主教会允许的医学和气象星占，而且还包含受教会禁止的生辰星占；其次，在汤若望(Johann Adam Schall von Bell，字道未，1591–1666)等人介绍到中国来的弟谷天文学系统已经被清朝政府正式采纳，传教士的信誉已经微妙地与这种天文学系统紧密地联系在一起的情况下，穆尼阁居然在书中介绍了以哥白尼"日心地动"说为基础的斯伯格(Philippe van Lansberge， 1516 – 1632)天文学，而且还公然宣称，汤若望引进的系统存在许多不足之处，已经过时，应该用兰斯伯格的天文学加以取代。

Assignment of infinite many poles for the first order generalized distributed parameter control system, coupled with the first order generalized lumped parameter control system, is discussed in Hilbert space with functional analysis and operator theory. The solutions with the constructive expression are given by the generalized inverse one of bounded linear operator.

应用泛函分析算子理论的方法，讨论了Hilbert空间中一阶广义分布参数控制系统与一阶广义集中参数控制系统所构成的一阶耦合广义控制系统的无限多极点配置问题，利用有界线性算子的广义逆给出了问题的解及解的构造性表达式。

The system , according to the approach and method of the software engineering on geography information system ,is under scientific system analysis and design combining with Duoluokou Market Information System's self-characteristic and is based on Ajax. Ruby on Rails framework will be applied to manage the date information. Such framework provide several ways to record data information and organize them in an efficient way and to do management, update, maintenance on them; Date information are visible that means the framework provide some operating function on map such as maximum, minimum and brose, user can use the button above the map to imply those function; Information query and brose, a corresponding entity will be offered according to the input terms and its location in the map.

系统按照地理信息系统软件工程的思路与方法，结合舵落口大市场信息化建设的自身特点，对其进行科学的系统分析与设计，并以Ajax技术为基础，利用Rails框架实现了数据信息管理，即运用多种方式录入数据信息，以有效的数据组织形式进行数据库管理、更新、维护；实现了信息查询与浏览，即提供根据输入的条件查询其对应的实体的相关属性；实现了数据信息可视化，即提供了放大、缩小、漫游等基本地图操作功能，用户可以利用地图上方按钮来方便的使用这些功能以及在地图中定位与显示所查询的目标物。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。