查询词典 whole-wheat

The heterosis of grain hardness of interspecific hybrid between common wheat and spelt wheat or club wheat were usually negative except that of hybrid between common wheat variety Nongda 3226 and spelt wheat or club wheat.

普通小麦与斯卑尔脱小麦的种间杂种、普通小麦与密穗小麦的种间杂种的籽粒硬度均表现负优势，但农大3226所配的组合的籽粒硬度多为正优势。

In order to find out completely the soil-wheat contaiminated by heavy metals in Tianjin sewage farm, we collect samples on the dry land and examinate contents of heavy metals in soil-wheat system. Firstly, the anthor evaluates that soil irrigated by sewage that has been contaminated slightly, the main polluting factors are Cd and Zn, and then the anthor evaluates soil according to different regions, soil types and irrigating water. Secondly, the anthor analyzes content and enrichment ability of heavy metals in different part of wheat, evaluates wheat is contaiminated by Cd widespreadly, only few samples polluted by Zn.Finally the anthor put up correlative analysis about heavy metal contents in the soil-wheat system, as well as plant enrichment coefficient and some physico-chemical properties of soil, and establishes a prognostic model about heavy metal content among wheat spike, soil, soil types, PH, organic matter and salinity with the quantifying theory.The prognostic accuracy of primarily contaminative factors is the best with compound correlative coefficient examining, the model can be founded.With improvement of living level, people need cleaner food.

为全面了解天津市污灌区农产品生产地土壤和旱地作物小麦的重金属污染状况，我们于2004～2005年对全市污灌区的土壤和小麦进行了采样，在对该区土壤—小麦系统中六种重金属元素(Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr和Ni)的含量进行检测的基础上，本文首先分析评价了污灌区农田土壤的环境质量总体已达到了轻度污染水平，主要的污染因子是Cd和Zn，同时对污灌区农田土壤分区县、土壤类型和不同灌水类型进行了评价；然后分析了重金属在小麦不同部位的含量与富集能力，评价了污灌区旱地作物小麦普遍遭受了Cd的污染，只有个别样点遭受了Zn的污染；最后对土壤—小麦系统重金属含量间以及植物富集系数与土壤部分理化性质间进行了相关分析，由于土壤类型是定性变量，本论文以数量化理论建立了小麦穗实中重金属含量与土壤中重金属全量、土壤类型、PH值、有机质和全盐量间的预测模型，经复相关系数检验，污灌区主要的污染因子Cd和Zn的预测精度最高，模型可以成立。

With conventional PCR primer pair XBFF/R,the same 352bp bands appeared by amplifying all the DNA samples from the eight races,and no bands appeared by amplifying all the DNA samples from the 9 plant pathogen species(Cucumber powdery mildew,wheat yellow rust,wheat leaf rust,wheat stem rust,wheat scab,wheat sheath blight,wheat loose smut,maize sheath blight and maize head smut)and control.

3用常规PCR和实时荧光PCR两种方法对温室接种的小麦白粉病进行了检测，并在时间上与自然显症的观察进行了比较，结果表明：在温室条件下，小麦白粉病菌在接种后第5d时开始出现小麦白粉病病斑，而利用常规PCR引物XBFF/R可在接种第3d检测到小麦白粉病菌，比自然显症观察能够提前了2d检测到白粉病菌；实时荧光PCR法可在接种后1d即能检测到小麦白粉病菌，比自然显症观察能够提前了4d检测到白粉病菌，这可为白粉菌的预测或预警检测提供依据，更可为白粉病在流行前制定防治决策赢得宝贵时间。4。

Research the effect of different watering period and the number on the yield and quality of glutenous wheat, the results showed: Watering times and period is directly related to the wheat yield and quality ,with the decrease of watering times, yield showed a downward trend, watering 5 times in Whole growth period, wheat yield is highest (7593.0kg/hm2), and it is lowest(7353.0 kg/hm2) with no watering in Wheat jointing period .watering 5 times in Whole growth period, Grain protein content (13.4%) and wet gluten content (33.6%) is minimum, Flour stability time is shortest (8.7 min),watering 2 times in whole growth period, protein content (16.3%) and wet gluten content (35.5%), stability time (9.6min) and so on, these comprehensive quality indicators are better.

经过不同浇水时期及浇水次数对强筋小麦产量和品质的影响研究，研究结果表明：浇水时期和浇水次数对小麦产量和品质有直接关系，随浇水次数的减少产量呈下降的趋势，全生育期浇5水产量最高7593.0kg/hm2，拔节期不浇水产量最低7353.0kg/hm2。

Tibetanum were more abundant, which can be used to broaden the genetic basis of common wheat. Cluster analysis exhibited that wild emmer had a closer consanguine relationship to hexaploid wheat, as compared to Aegilops tauschi. In addition, it was found that there was a closer genetic relationship in chloroplast genome of common wheat and T. petropavlavskyi, which indicated that T. petropavlavskyi probably derived from the backcross between common wheat and Polish wheat.

结果］与普通小麦相比，斯卑尔脱小麦和西藏半野生小麦等群体内的叶绿体遗传变异更丰富，可以作为普通小麦新的细胞质遗传变异来源；与粗山羊草相比，野生二粒小麦与六倍体小麦间存在更近的亲缘关系，这与前人关于二粒小麦是六倍体细胞质供体的研究结果相印证；研究还发现，新疆稻麦与普通小麦在叶绿体基因组上具有很近的亲缘关系，为新疆稻麦是由波兰小麦与普通小麦杂交再由普通小麦回交后产生的假说提供了分子水平上的证据。

To use the abundant cytoplasm resources in wheat alien species to improve wheat quality, five wheat lines of Chris carrying different types of Aegilops cytoplasm were used to conduct the direct and reciprocal crosses with four wheat varieties, which were widely adopted in wheat production, and the effects of the five different types of Aegilops cytoplasms on pentosan contents in F1 kernels were stndied.

为了利用小麦近缘野生种属的细胞质资源改良小麦品质，以山羊草属不同种异源细胞质的5种异质小麦品种Chris为材料，与生产上广泛推广种植的4个常规小麦品种进行正反杂交，研究了异源细胞质对其F1籽粒戊聚糖含量的影响。

Here are the results: there are no clear difference in the length and width of leaf epidermis stomatal apparatus, stoma density and vascular bundle area in 1st internode below the ear between cold and warm type wheat. The vascular bundle area in 2nd internode below the ear of cold type wheat is obvious smaller than warm type wheat's. There are clear difference in the vascular bundle number in unit transverse area of 1st internode and 2nd internode below the ear and the rate of the total area of vascular bundle and the transverse area of wheat stem between cold and warm type wheat.

研究表明，冷、暖型小麦叶表皮气孔器的长度和宽度、气孔密度、穗下节间中维管束面积均无显著差异；冷型小麦倒二节间中维管束面积明显小于暖型小麦；冷、暖型小麦穗下节间、倒二节间单位横截面积中维管束数目、维管束总面积占茎横截面积的百分率均有显著差异。

The secondary root number per plant of Yumai No 49,a mi d-s trength quality wheat,is the smallest among the three varieties except the winte r stage but its root system quality is the best;the intensity of reducing TTC an d the activity of SOD of fresh wheat root are the highest during the period fro m winter stage to flag leaf stage.Since flag leaf stage,its physiological charac ters are weaker and have bigger variation during whole stage.The secondary root number per plant of Yumai No 50,a soft quality wheat,is the biggest except duri ng winter stage,and its dry weight of root of single plant is the heaviest in ev ery stage.Before 19th,March,its intensity of reducing TTC is the weakest and dec reases abruptly after flag leaf stage,but its activity of SOD decreases slowly.R oot dry weight per plant of Yumai No 34,a high quality wheat,is the smallest amo ng the three varieties and its root system quality is the weakest.Before jointin g stage,the intensity of reducing TTC is stronger,but after that,it decreases sl owly though it is smaller,and the activity of SOD decreases slowly in every stag e.

中筋小麦豫麦49号除越冬初期外，其它各时期单株次生根条数均为最少，单株根干重介于豫麦34号及豫麦50号之间，单根质量高；越冬初期至挑旗期，根系活力、根中SOD活性均强于其它两个品种，挑旗后，根系生理活性较小，整个生育期根系生理活性变化幅度大；弱筋小麦豫麦50号除越冬初期外，其它各时期单株次生根条数均最多，单株根干重各时期均为最大；拔节前根系活力最弱，挑旗后根系活力下降幅度较大，根中SOD活性较强且各时期变化幅度不大；强筋小麦豫麦34号，单株根干重最小，根系质量最差；拔节前根系活力较强，拔节后根系活动较弱，下降速度缓慢，根中SOD活性各时期变化幅度较小。

The whole grain wheat, oatmeal, wheat germ carried out under the water resistance of different experiments to prove that the water can run to create separation heart of the skin, but to increase the number of water and wheat run the length of the water and are very much related to the mechanical effect , the powder should be based on the length of the road, the development of appropriate moistening wheat water and time, and a flour mill, for example, details of the flour milling system, the amount of silt and water.

通过对全粒小麦、麦皮、麦胚进行不同水分下的抗力实验，证明润水可以创造皮心分离的条件，但是加水量多少和润麦时间的长短都与水分的力学效应有很大关系，应根据粉路的长短，制定合适的润麦水分和润麦时间。并以某面粉厂为例，详细介绍了制粉各系统出粉量粉质和水分的变化。

Discussions are given of the fate of Ms2 during translocation in the hexoploid triticale, the exchange of the names for 4A and 4B chromosomes in common wheat and the possible expoitation of the new locus Ms2 (4BS), and the following speculations are made: In geneic genes of allopolyploid organisms the donor chromosomes tend to be intergenomically translocated to their phylogically and evolutionarily close chromosomes with the same order number and the same arm; it is cofirmed that the 7th International Conference of Wheat Genetics was right to exchange the names between chromosomes 4A and 4B of common wheat in 1988; and as a new genetic marker and a breeding tool for all the chromosome B-carrying species in the tribe of Tritceae, Ms2 (4BS) may have wide application in building and expanding the gene pool of germplasm resources of various species of wheat.

对 Ms2基因在六倍体小黑麦与原太谷核不育小麦远缘杂交中易位时的走向，普通小麦4A与4B染色体的互换更名以及 Ms2(4BS)新位点的开发利用进行了讨论：认为异源多倍体生物核基因的组间易位倾向于从供体染色体向进化亲缘关系较密切，且染色体序数与染色体臂相同的部分同源染色体易位；1988年第7届国际小麦遗传学会对普通小麦4A与4B染色体的互换更名是正确的； Ms2(4BS)作为一个新型的遗传标记，作为小麦族内所有携带B染色体组的物种的育种工具和在拓建各类小麦种质资源的基因库等方面均有广泛的用途。

As of Tuesday, Google's results were still censored in China.

截至周二，谷歌的搜索结果仍受中国审查。

In order to make the positive action increase and negative one decrease, the sub-forces of the social factors must be adjusted to form a centripetal force.

在这一过程中，人的主体性发挥是社会有机体健康发展的灵魂。