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The first thing I did, was to recompense my original Benefactor, my good old Captain, who had been first charitable to me in my Distress, kind to me in my Beginning, and honest to me at the End: I shew'd him all that was sent me, I told him, that next to the Providence of Heaven, which disposes all things, it was Owing to him; and that it now lay on me to reward him, which I would do a hundred fold: So I first return'd to him the hundred Moidores I had receiv'd of him, then I sent for a Notary, and caused him to draw up a general Release or Discharge for the 470 Moidores, which he had acknowledg'd he ow'd me in the fullest and firmest Manner possible; after which, I caused a Procuration to be drawn, impowering him to be my Receiver of the annual Profits of my Plantation, and appointing my Partner to accompt to him, and make the Returns by the usual Fleets to him in my Name; and a Clause in the End, being a Grant of 100 Moidores a Year to him, during his Life, out of the Effects, and 50 Moidores a Year to his Son after him, for his Life: And thus I requited my old Man.

我做的第一件事情，就是报答我最初的恩人，也就是那好心的老船长。当初我遇难时，他待我十分仁慈，此后自始至终对我善良真诚。我把收到的东西都给他看了。我对他说，我之所以有今天，除了主宰一切的天意外，全靠了他的帮助。现在，我既然有能力报答他，我就要百倍地回报他。我先把他给我的一百葡萄牙金币退还给他。然后，又请来了一位公证人，请他起草了一份字据，把老船长承认欠我的四百七十块葡萄牙金币，以最彻底、最可靠的方式全部取消或免除。这项手续完成之后，我又请他起草了一份委托书，委任老船长作为我那种植园的年息管理人，并指定我那位合股人向他报告账目，把我应得的收入交给那些长年来往于巴西和里斯本的船队带给他。委托书的最后一款是，老船长在世之日，每年从我的收入中送给他一百葡萄牙金币；在他死后，每年送给他儿子五十葡萄牙金币。这样，我总算报答了这位老人。

These were the prime in order and in might; The rest were long to tell, though far renown'd, Th' Ionian Gods, of Javans Issue held Gods, yet confest later then Heav'n and Earth Thir boasted Parents; Titan Heav'ns first born [ 510 ] With his enormous brood, and birthright seis'd By younger Saturn, he from mightier Jove His own and Rhea's Son like measure found; So Jove usurping reign'd: these first in Creet And Ida known, thence on the Snowy top [ 515 ] Of cold Olympus rul'd the middle Air Thir highest Heav'n; or on the Delphian Cliff, Or in Dodona, and through all the bounds Of Doric Land; or who with Saturn old Fled over Adria to th' Hesperian Fields, [ 520 ] And ore the Celtic roam'd the utmost Isles.

这些神魔起初在克里特岛和伊达山称神，后来在严寒的奥林匹斯雪峰上，掌管半空，是他们所谓的最高的天界；有的在特尔斐悬崖上，多陀那山城，并遍及多利安人的全部国境；有的和老萨吞飞越过亚得利亚海，到达希斯波利安的原野，飞越开尔特，而于地极诸岛中漫游。

It was a dismal Sight to look at: The Ship, which by its building was Spanish, stuck fast, jaum'd in between two Rocks; all the Stern and Quarter of her was beaten to pieces, with the Sea; and as her Forecastle, which stuck in the Rocks, had run on with great Violence, her Mainmast and Foremast were brought by the Board; that is to say, broken short off; but her Boltsprit was found, and the Head and Bow appear'd firm; when I came close to her, a Dog appear'd upon her, who seeing me coming, yelp'd, and cry'd; and as soon as I call'd him, jump'd into the Sea, to come to me, and I took him into the Boat; but found him almost dead for Hunger and Thirst: I gave him a Cake of my Bread, and he eat it like a ravenous Wolf, that had been starving a Fortnight in the Snow: I then gave the poor Creature some fresh Water, with which, if I would have let him, he would have burst himself.

眼前的景象一片凄凉。从那条船的构造外形来看，是一条西班牙船，船身被紧紧地夹在两块礁石之间。船尾和后舱都被海浪击得粉碎，那搁在礁石中间的前舱，由于猛烈撞去，上面的前桅和主桅都折断倒在了甲板上，但船首的斜桁仍完好无损，船头也还坚固。我靠近破船时，船上出现了一只狗。它一见到我驶近，就汪汪吠叫起来。我向它一呼唤，它就跳到海里，游到我的小船边来，我把它拖到船上，只见它又饥又渴，快要死了。我给了它一块面包，它就大吃大嚼起来，活像一只在雪地里饿了十天半月的狼。我又给他喝了点淡水，它就猛喝，要是我不制止它的话，真的可以喝得把肚子都涨破。

My Dog was a very pleasant and loving Companion to me, for no less than sixteen Years of my Time, and then dy'd, of meer old Age; as for my Cats, they multiply'd as I have observ'd to that Degree, that I was oblig'd to shoot several of them at first, to keep them from devouring me, and all I had; but at length, when the two old Ones I brought with me were gone, and after some time continually driving them from me, and letting them have no Provision with me, they all ran wild into the Woods, except two or three Favourites, which I kept tame; and whose Young when they had any, I always drown'd; and these were part of my Family: Besides these, I always kept two or three houshold Kids about me, who I taught to feed out of my Hand; and I had two more Parrots which talk'd pretty well, and would all call Robin Crusoe; but none like my first; nor indeed did I take the Pains with any of them that I had done with him.

至于我的那些猫，前面也已说过，由于繁殖太多，我不得不开枪打死了几只，免得它们把我的东西通通吃光。后来，我从船上带下来的两只老猫都死了，我又不断地驱逐那些小猫，不给它们吃东西，结果它们都跑到树林里去，变成了野猫。只有两三只我喜欢的小猫被我留在家里驯养起来。可是每当它们生出小猫时，我就把小猫投在水里淹死。这些都是我家庭的一部分成员。另外我身边还养了两三只小山羊，教会它们在我手里吃东西。此外，还养了两只鹦鹉，也会说话，也会叫"鲁宾逊"，可都比不上第一只说得那么好；当然，我在它们身上花的功夫也没有第一只那么多。

Well, after his Astonishment was a little over at this, I pointed to him to run and fetch the Bird I had shot, which he did, but stay'd some Time; for the Parrot not being quite dead, was flutter'd away a good way off from the Place where she fell; however, he found her, took her up, and brought her to me; and as I had perceivd his Ignorance about the Gun before, I took this Advantage to charge the Gun again, and not let him see me do it, that 1 might be ready for any other Mark that might present; but nothing more offer'd at that Time; so I brought home the Kid, and the same Evening I took the Skin off, and cut it out as well as I could; and having a Pot for that purpose, I boil'd, or stew'd some of the Flesh, and made some very good Broth; and after I had begun to eat some, I gave some to my Man, who seem'd very glad of it, and lik'd it very well; but that which was strangest to him, was, to see me eat Salt with it; he made a Sign to me, that the Salt was not good to eat, and putting a little into his own Mouth, he seem'd to nauseate it, and would spit and sputter at it, washing his Mouth with fresh Water after it; on the other hand, I took some Meat in my Mouth without Salt, and I pretended to spit and sputter for want of Salt, as fast as he had done at the Salt; but it would not do, he would never care for Salt with his Meat, or in his Broth; at least not a great while, and then but a very little.

这不由得使我经常想到，上帝对世事的安排，自有其天意，在其对自己所创造的万物的治理中，一方面他剥夺了世界上许多生物的才干和良知，另一方面，他照样赋予他们与我们文明人同样的能力，同样的理性，同样的感情，同样的善心和责任感，也赋予他们同样的嫉恶如仇的心理；他们与我们一样知道感恩图报，诚恳待人，忠贞不渝，相互为善。而且，当上帝给他们机会表现这些才干和良知时，他们和我们一样，立即把上帝赋予他们的才干和良知发挥出来做各种好事，甚至可以说比我们自己发挥得更充分。对此，我不能不感到惊讶。同时，想到这些，我又感到有些悲哀，因为许多事实证明，我们文明人在发挥这些才干和良知方面，反而显得非常卑劣。尽管我们不仅有能力，而且，我们受到上帝的教诲，上帝的圣灵和上帝的语言的启示，这使我们能有更深刻的认识。同时，我也感到奇怪，为什么上帝不给这成千上百万的生灵以同样的教诲和启示，使他们懂得赎罪的道理。我觉得，如果我以这可怜的野人作为判断的依据，那么，他们实在能比我们文明人做得更好。

About a Year and half after I had entertain'd these Notions, and by long musing, had as it were resolved them all into nothing, for want of an Occasion to put them in Execution, I was surpriz'd one Morning early, with seeing no less than five Canoes all on Shore together on my side the Island; and the People who belong'd to them all landed, and out of my sight: The Number of them broke all my Measures, for seeing so many, and knowing that they always came four or six, or sometimes more in a Boat, I could not tell what to think of it, Or how to take my Measures, to attack Twenty or Thirty Men single handed; so I lay still in my Castle, perplex'd and discomforted: However I put my self into all the same Postures for an Attack that I had formerly provided, and was just ready for Action, if any Thing had presented; having waited a good while, listening to hear if they made any Noise; at length being very impatient, I set my Guns at the Foot of my Ladder, and clamber'd up to the Top of the Hill, by my two Stages as usual; standing so however that my Head did not appear above the Hill, so that they could not perceive me by any Means; here I observ'd by the help of my Perspective Glass, that they were no less than Thirty in Number, that they had a Fire kindled, that they had had Meat dress'd.

我自从有了这些想法之后，平时就经常会想到这件事，可是因为没有机会付诸实施，因此一直都毫无结果。这样大约又过了一年半光景。一天清晨，我忽然发现有五只独木舟在岛这头靠了岸，船上的人都已上了岛，但却不知道他们去哪儿了。他们来的人这么多，把我的计划彻底打破了。因为我知道，一只独木舟一般载五、六个人，有时甚至更多。现在一下子来了这么多船，少说他有二三十人，我一个人单枪匹马，如何能对付他们呢！因此，我只好悄悄躲到城堡里去，坐立不安，一筹莫展。可是，我还是根据过去的计划，进行作战准备，以便一有机会，立即行动。我等了好久，留神听他们的动静，最后，实在耐不住了，就把枪放在梯子脚下，像平时那样，分作两步爬上小山顶。我站在那里，尽量不把头露出来，唯恐被他们看见。我拿起望远镜进行观察，发现他们不下三十人，并且已经生起了火，正在煮肉。至于他们怎样煮的，煮的又究竟是什么肉，我就不得而知了。

In a Word, I was so prepossess'd against my going by Sea at all, except from Calais to Dover, that I resolv'd to travel all the Way by Land; which as I was not in Haste, and did not value the Charge, was by much the pleasanter Way; and to make it more so, my old Captain brought an English Gentleman, the Son of a Merchant in Lisbon, who was willing to travel with me: After which, we pick'd up two more English Merchants also, and two young Portuguese Gentlemen, the last going to Paris only; so that we were in all six of us, and five Servants; the two Merchants and the two Portuguese, contenting themselves with one Servant, between two, to save the Charge; and as for me, I got an English Sailor to travel with me as a Servant, besides my Man Friday, who was too much a Stranger to be capable of supplying the Place of a Servant on the Road.

总之，我不想走海路已成了一种先入为主的想法，怎么也无法改变了；唯一我愿意坐船的一段路，就是从加来到多佛尔这段海路。现在，我既不想急于赶路，又不在乎花钱，所以就决定全部走陆路，而且陆上旅行实在也是很愉快的。为了使这次旅行更愉快，我的老船长又给我找了一位英国绅士为伴。此人是在里斯本的一位商人的儿子，他表示愿意和我结伴同行。后来我们又找到了两位英国商人和两位葡萄牙绅士，不过两位葡萄牙绅士的目的地是巴黎。这样，我们现在一共有六个旅伴和五个仆人；那两位英国商人和两位葡萄牙绅士为了节省开支，各共用一个听差。而我除了星期五之外，又找了一个英国水手当我路上的听差，因为星期五在这异乡客地，难以担当听差的职务。

To milk my She-goats, and manage my little Flock, in the Wood; which as it was quite on the other Part of the Island, was quite out of Danger; for certain it is, that these Savage People who sometimes haunted this Island, never came with any Thoughts of finding any Thing here; and consequently never wandred off from the Coast; and I doubt not, but they might have been several Times on Shore, after my Apprehensions of them had made me cautious as well as before; and indeed, I look'd back with some Horror upon the Thoughts of what my Condition would have been, if I had chop'd upon them, and been discover'd before that, when naked and unarm'd, except with one Gun, and that loaden often only with small Shot, I walk'd every where peeping, and peeping about the Island, to see what I could get; what a Surprise should I have been in, if when I discover'd the Print of a Man's Foot, I had instead of that, seen fifteen or twenty Savages, and found them pursuing me, and by the Swiftness of their Running, no Possibility of my escaping them.

羊群在岛的另一边，因此没有什么危险。因为那些偶尔上岛的野人，从来没有想在岛上找到什么东西，所以他们从不离开海岸向岛里走。我也毫不怀疑，自从我处处小心提防他们之后，他们还照常到岛上来过好几次。真的，我一想到我过去出游的情况，不禁不寒而栗。我以前外出只带一支枪，枪里装的也是一些小子弹。就这样我在岛上到处东走走，西瞧瞧，看看能不能弄到什么吃的东西。在这种情况下，假使碰上他们，或被他们发现，我该怎么办呢？因为，我没有多少自卫能力。或者，假定我当时看到的不是一个人的脚印，而是一二十个野人，一见到我就向我追来。他们善于奔跑，我是无论如何跑不过他们的，那我必定会落在他们手里！

All I shew'd them, all I Said to them, was perfectly amazing; but above all, the Captain admir'd my Fortification, and how perfectly I had conceal'd my Retreat with a Grove of Trees, which having been now planted near twenty Years, and the Trees growing much faster than in England, was become a little Wood, and so thick, that it was unpassable in any Part of it, but at that one Side, where I had reserv'd my little winding Passage into it: I told him, this was my Castle, and my Residence; but that I had a Seat in the Country, as most Princes have, whither I could retreat upon Occasion, and I would shew him that too another Time; but at present, our Business was to consider how to recover the Ship: He agreed with me as to that; but told me, he was perfectly at a Loss what Measures to take; for that there were still six and twenty Hands on board, who having entred into a cursed Conspiracy, by which they had all forfeited their Lives to the Law, would be harden'd in it now by Desperation; and would carry it on, knowing that if they were reduc'd, they should be brought to the Gallows, as soon as they came to England, or to any of the English Colonies; and that therefore there would be no attacking them, with so small a Number as we were.

船长特别欣赏我的防御工事，欣赏我用一片小树林把住宅完全隐蔽起来。这片小树林现在已经栽了二十年了，由于这里树木比英国长得快，现在已经成了一片小小的森林，而且十分茂密。我在树林里保留了一条弯弯曲曲的小径，其他任何地方都走不进来。我告诉他，这是我的城堡和住宅，但是，像许多王公贵人一样，我在乡间还有一所别墅。如果需要，我可以去那儿休养一段时期。我说，以后有时间，我可以带他们到那儿去看看，但目前我们的首要任务是要考虑收复那只大船的问题。船长同意我的看法，可是，他说，他一时想不出什么办法，因为大船上还有二十六个人。他们既已参加了叛乱，在法律上已犯了死罪，因此已别无出路，只好一不做二不休，硬干到底。因为，他们知道，如果失败了，一回英国或任何英国殖民地，他们就会被送上绞架。但光靠我们这几个人，是无法向他们进攻的。

About a Year and half after I had entertain'd these Notions, and by long musing, had as it were resolved them all into nothing, for want of an Occasion to put them in Execution, I was surpriz'd one Morning early, with seeing no less than five Canoes all on Shore together on my side the Island; and the People who belong'd to them all landed, and out of my sight: The Number of them broke all my Measures, for seeing so many, and knowing that they always came four or six, or sometimes more in a Boat, I could not tell what to think of it, Or how to take my Measures, to attack Twenty or Thirty Men single handed; so I lay still in my Castle, perplex'd and discomforted: However I put my self into all the same Postures for an Attack that I had formerly provided, and was just ready for Action, if any Thing had presented; having waited a good while, listening to hear if they made any Noise; at length being very impatient, I set my Guns at the Foot of my Ladder, and clamber'd up to the Top of the Hill, by my two Stages as usual; standing so however that my Head did not appear above the Hill, so that they could not perceive me by any Means; here I observ'd by the help of my Perspective Glass, that they were no less than Thirty in Number, that they had a Fire kindled, that they had had Meat dress'd.

我自从有了这些想法之后，平时就经常会想到这件事，可是因为没有机会付诸实施，因此一直都毫无结果。这样大约又过了一年半光景。一天清晨，我忽然发现有五只独木舟在岛这头靠了岸，船上的人都已上了岛，但却不知道他们去哪儿了。他们来的人这么多，把我的计划彻底打破了。因为我知道，一只独木舟一般载五、六个人，有时甚至更多。现在一下子来了这么多船，少说他有二三十人，我一个人单枪匹马，如何能对付他们呢！因此，我只好悄悄躲到城堡里去，坐立不安，一筹莫展。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。