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In order to understand the validity of the resistant genes to wheat powdery mildew in Shanxi province, in greenhouse condition, cleistothecia released ascospores were used to infect wheat seedling. The frequencies of virulence genes for 166 isolates of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici from different ecological areas of Shanxi province were tested.

为明确小麦白粉病抗性基因在山西省的有效性，在温室条件下，通过闭囊壳释放子囊孢子侵染麦苗发病，利用28个已知抗病基因品种对分离自山西省不同生态区的166个小麦白粉病菌株进行了毒性基因频率测定。

A field experiment to study the wheat / faba bean intercropping conditions, four kinds of nitrogen application on wheat biomass and grain yield.

通过田间小区试验，研究了小麦/蚕豆间作条件下4种施氮水平对小麦地上部生物量和籽粒产量的影响。

By means of bioassay in laboratory, choosing 15 main wheat varieties as acceptors in Guanzhong region, Shaanxi province, this paper studied the allelopathic effects of Galium tricorne on wheat.

以关中地区15种主要的栽培小麦品种为受体，采用室内生物测定法，通过分析恶性杂草猪殃殃对不同小麦品种发芽和幼苗生长的影响，探讨猪殃殃对不同小麦品种化感作用的差异，从而筛选出具有较强抗草潜力的小麦品种。

Three donor wheat all show good character and had little genotypical difference in the aspect of inducement、differentiation、regeneration etc. They could all nice genotypical cultivars for wheat transformation. 3160 embryos have been used to transformation (960 embryos belongs to Atlas66, 1000 embryos belongs to EM12, 1200 embryos belongs to Scout66 respectively), At last, we got twenty-six of which were positive cultivars through PCR. The preliminary whole transformation frequency was 0.82 percent. Also the citrate synthase activities of the leaves of T_0 progeny show 5～9 higher than the control lines.

转化过程中分别使用了960个Atlas66、1000个EM12和1200个Scout 66幼胚(总记3160个)，经抗性筛选、CS与标记基因的PCR检测初步表明有26株为阳性植株，总转化率为0.82%；同时进一步对T_0代植株叶片柠檬酸合酶以及T_1代植株经铝胁迫后对其根尖分泌物进行检测，结果在上述转化植株中检测到了柠檬酸合酶的活性，且转化材料比对照材料平均高出了5～9倍；同时铝胁迫后，T_1植株根尖检测到了苹果酸及柠檬酸的分泌。

Fusarium head blight or wheat scab, caused by Fusarium graminearum teleomorph Gibberella zeae (Schew Petch, has been the most important disease of wheat, barley and corn in China.

小麦赤霉病是影响我国南方麦区、东北春麦区以及黄淮流域麦区的重要病害，可由多种镰刀菌引起，但主要致病种是禾谷镰刀菌Fusarium graminearum，通称为赤霉菌。

In order to improve wheat yield and quality, we must use systematic cultivation techniques for glutenous wheat.

要想使强筋小麦高产稳质，必须有配套的栽培技术才能达到优质高产高效的目的。

Glutenous wheat contains 2% to 5% of protein more than common wheat, while the content depends largely on cultivation.

强筋小麦比一般小麦蛋白质含量高出2～5个百分点，蛋白质含量与栽培技术密切相关。

Comparative analysis of some rbcL gene cDNA sequences between wheat and other species were also carried out, the result suggested that the rbcL gene was highly conserved in examined species, common wheat is more closer related with Hordeum, Psathyrostachys, Leymus, Elymus than with Oryza and Zea.

进一步比较分析了在相关物种中rbcL基因的cDNA序列，结果显示，rbcL基因的编码区在不同属的物种间高度保守，并从分子水平表明小麦与大麦、新麦草、赖草、披碱草属等的亲源关系比与水稻、玉米等的近。

Up to date, QTL analysis of adult-plant resistance against powdery mildew has not been reported in China. In the present study, QTL mapping of APR was conducted using a doubled-haploid population derived from the cross (Fukuho-komugi × Oligoculm) and a F_(2:3) population from the cross (Bainong64 × Jingshuang16). The methods and main results are described as follows:1. A doubled-haploid population from an intervarietal cross between the Japannese cultivar Fukuho-kumugi and the Israeli wheat line Oligoculm was prouduced by means of wheat × maize crosses.

国内关于白粉病成株抗性的QTL分析尚未见报道，本研究开展了小麦白粉病成株抗性鉴定、遗传连锁图构建、白粉病成株抗性QTL分析，得到以下研究结果：(1)以抗白粉病的日本小麦品种Fukuho-komugi和以色列小麦Oligoculm杂交产生的DH群体为材料，利用313个SSR标记和37个RFLP标记，对Fukuho-komugi和Oligoculm的白粉病成株抗性进行QTL分析。

In order to study the mechanism of V-type CMS wheat, a set of near isogenic lines of restoring gene to wheat V-CMS were used as materials, the mtRNAs of male sterile line, maintainer line and F1 hybrid were compared by cDNA-RAPD method.

为了研究V型细胞质雄性不育小麦的不育机理，以V型细胞质雄性不育小麦的一套近等基因系为材料，利用cDNA-RAPD方法对不育系、保持系和杂种F1线粒体RNA进行了比较分析。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！