查询词典 were it not for

The specific properties of materials, such as the palate adhesion, dynamic cruor, anti-bacterial and the degradability of lysozyme, were studied, which provide valuable data for further application. The main creative ideas are listed as follows:(1) The water-retention chitosan/poly vinyl alcohol blend fiber was obtained by coagulating in 10％ NaOH/ethanol solution, and the blend and crosslink due to GA can enhance the mechanical properties of fiber;(2) The controlled degradable chitosan/gelatin blend fiber was obtained by solution filature, and the mechanical properties were improved;(3) The N-acylchitosan with the different degree of substitution were successfully prepared, and the relationship between structure and properties was estabilished;(4) By a new solvent system of 6％ NaOH/4％ urea for cellulose, the blood anti-coagulant function films were prepared by blending cellulose with chitin;(5) In the same solvent system above mentioned, the anti-bacterial blend films based on cellulose and carboxymethyl-chitosan were prepared, and the relationship of DS and the anti-bacterial property was concluded;(6) The controlled degradable chitosan films was obtained by the chemical crosslink.

本论文的主要创新点：（1）以NaOH水溶液／无水乙醇为凝固液，采用溶液纺丝法制备出保水性壳聚糖／聚乙烯醇纤维，共混和戊二醛交联极大提高了壳聚糖纤维力学性能；（2）用壳聚糖和明胶共混，以溶液纺丝法制备出可控降解的壳聚糖／明胶纤维，并大幅度提高了壳聚糖共混纤维的干、湿态抗张强度；（3）确立了不同取代度N-酰基壳聚糖的合成方法及其膜的结构与性能的关系；（4）利用纤维素新溶剂6％NaOH／4％尿素制备出抗凝血性纤维素／甲壳素共混膜；（5）利用上述纤维素新溶剂制备出抗菌性纤维素／羧甲基壳聚糖共混膜，揭示了羧甲基壳聚糖取代度与抗菌性能的关系；（6）制备出可控降解壳聚糖交联膜。

Methods Thirty-two New Zeeland rabbits were randomly assigned into two groups as experiment group (n=24) end control group (n=8). Each rabbit in experiment group was given injection with 8.0 mg/kg of hydrocortisone acetate for two times per week, while rabbits in control group were given normal saline in same quantity. Serum glucocorticoid concentration, total cholesterol and triglyceride were determined respectively before and 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after treatment. Rabbits were sacrificed at the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th week. The rabbits, sacrificed at the same time point, were stratified into group A and group B according to the GC concentration, in an attempt to observe the rate of empty bone lacuna and glucocorticoid receptor expression in the soft tissue around hips.

32只新西兰大白兔随机分成两组：实验组(n=24)每周2次肌注醋酸氢化可的松注射液8.0mg/kg造模，对照组(n=8)每周2次肌注等量生理盐水各组于处理的0、2、4、6、8周抽血测定空腹血清GC血药浓度及而清总胆固醇、甘油三脂水平，并于第2、4、6、8周分批处死动物，将同批处死的实验组动物依据血清GC浓度分为A、B两组，观察股骨头的空骨陷窝率及髋周软组织中糖皮质激素受体的表达。

The members of the same genus and family were grouped together. The polyogenetic relationships of 8 families were Pyrgomorphidae →Chrotogonidae→Pamphagidae→Oedipodidae→Acrididae→Arcypteridae→Gomphoceridae→Cantantopidae.Pygomorphidae had closer relationships with Chrotogonidae as well as being the most ancestral group. Arcypteridae and Gomphoceridae were the sister groups and had closer relationships with most evolutionary Catantopidae. Tridactylidae was divided firstly as a suborder,which differs from the recent taxonomy distinctly. Haglidae and Gryllidae were grouped into suborder Ensifera, Tetrigidae and 8 families of Acridoidea were grouped into suborder Caelifera, as same as recent taxonomy.

分子系统树表明：科内的属和属内的种均优先聚在一起；蝗总科8科的起源关系为：锥头蝗科→瘤锥蝗科→癞蝗科→斑翅蝗科→剑角蝗科→网翅蝗科和槌角蝗科→斑腿蝗科；锥头蝗科与瘤锥蝗科关系较近，是蝗总科内最原始的类群；槌角蝗科和网翅蝗科互为姐妹群，与最进化的斑腿蝗科关系较近；蚤蝼科为独立的一支，最先分出，似为一个亚目，与现用的分类系统有明显差别；哈螽科和蟋蟀科聚在一起为剑瓣亚目，蚱科和蝗总科的8科组成短瓣亚目，同现用的分类系统。

The tracheary elements in secondary xylems of Actaea asiatica root and rhizomes were observered with a scanning electron microscope and found to contain abundant types, which mainly included tracheids, tracheid-like vessels, fibriform vessels, and typical vessels. Of these types, the tracheids, tracheid-like vessels, fibriform vessels were first found. Scalariform perforation plates, reticulate perforation plates, mixed perforation plates and simple perforation plates were observed in the typical vessels and the reticulate perforation plates ,mixed perforation plates were first founded the lateral-wall perforation plates, multiple end walls and pit membrane vestige were also observed in the tracheary elements.

利用扫描电子显微镜对毛茛科类叶升麻根和根状茎次生木质部中的管状分子进行观察，发现其管状分子类型丰富，主要有：管胞、管胞状导管、纤维导管和典型的导管分子，其中管胞、管胞状导管和纤维导管为在该类群中首次报道；在导管分子中，存在着梯状穿孔板、网状穿孔板、混合型穿孔板和单穿孔板，其中网状穿孔板和混合型穿孔板为在该类群中的首次报道；对其导管分子上的侧壁穿孔板、多穿孔板和纹孔膜残余也进行了描述。

Different strains have different reaction to the delay of oviducts in body after animal death. After 10min delay C57BL/6 mouse oocytes have death rate of 56.5%,significantely higher than Kunming mouse (47.6%);Spontaneous activation rates were respectively 13.3% and 46.0%, C57BL/6 were obviously lower than Kunming mouse.4. The oviducts were obtained after being delayed 5min 24h after the mice were injected with hCG. The oocytes were cultured in CZB. About 81.1% occurred spontaneous activation, evidently lower than parthenogenetic rate (96.4%) with SrCl_2. Spontaneous activable oocytes had high cleavage rate(93.2%) and 4-cell rate(87.3%). However, spontaneous activable oocytes had blastula development rate(18.7%) as low as parthenogenetic oocytes by SrCl_2(22.9%).

不同品系小鼠卵母细胞对输卵管在体内滞留产生的反应不同，滞留10min C57BL/6系小鼠卵母细胞死亡率为56.5%，显著高于昆明鼠(47.6%)；自发激活率分别为13.3%和46.0%，C57BL/6系小鼠显著低于昆明鼠。4.hCG后24h体内滞留5min卵母细胞在CZB中培养自发激活率为81.1%，显著低于SrCl_2孤雌激活率(96.4%)；自发激活的卵母细胞有较高的卵裂率(93.2%)和4-cell比率(87.3%)，但囊胚率(18.7%)较低，同卵龄的卵母细胞经SrCl_2孤雌激活囊胚发育率为22.9%，差异不显著。

Methods Fifteen pigs were anaesthetized, and trachea intubation and transfemoral cannula were performed then. Swan-Ganz catheters were inserted to pulmonary artery via internal jugular vein, and aeroperitoneum was set up by airing CO2. These pigs were randomly divided into three groups (5 pigs in each group) according to different levels of IAP （IAP10, IAP20, IAP30）. Hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism values were observed and recorded before airing, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours after airing, respectively.

15只猪经麻醉后，行气管插管、股动脉插管及经颈内静脉肺动脉插管，CO2充气建立气腹，根据随机数字表法将猪分为IAP 10 cm H2O组(IAP10组)、IAP20组及IAP30组（每组5只），记录充气前，充气后6、12、18及24 h的血流动力学和氧代谢指标，观察不同水平IAP在不同时点上对血流动力学及氧代谢的影响。

RESULTS: Among the 536 children, 92 cases had Caesarean birth (17.2%), 49 cases had dystocia of normal labor (9.1%), 395 cases had natural labor (73.7%) includidng 53 cases with premature birth (9.9%). Among these children, 284 cases were ametropic amblyopia (53.0%), 138 cases were strabismic amblyopia (25.8%), 91 cases were anisometropic amblyopia (17.0%), 17 cases were form deprivation amblyopia (3.2%) and 6 cases were classified as other amblyopia (1.1%).

结果：536例弱视儿中出生时剖腹产92例占17.2%、自然分娩难产49例占9.1%、自然分娩顺产395例占73.7%，其中早产儿53例占9.9%；弱视儿中屈光不正性弱视284例占53.0%、斜视性弱视138例占25.7%、屈光参差性弱视91例占17.0%、形觉剥夺性弱视17例占3.2%、其它6例占1.1%。

The authers fetched the embryo calvarial peristeum tissue, got human osteoblast by enzyme-assimilating methods and tissue-block culture methods. We observed the morphological change, growth feature and osteogentic capability, of osteoblast during culture in vitro with phase contrast invert microscope, drew the growth curre and identified the cells by alkaline phosphatase dye. At same time, the morphology and bioactivity of 3-5th-generation osbeoblast and anabiotic cells was studied comparatively. 2. titanium particles were examined by scanning electron and the size was determined by semi-automated image analysis. The 3-5 th gereration of human osteoblast were cultured in medium with different concentration of particulates titanium alloy (1mg/ml, 0.1mg/ml, 0.01mg/ml). Cell growth and proliferation was detected by MTT method after 2、4、6 days that particles were added into medium and ALP activity was measured by kit after 4、7、10 days respectively. 3. With above same methods,the 3-5th generation of human osteoblasts were cultured for 3、6、9days after different concentration of particulates titanium alloy (1mg/ml, 0.1mg/ml, 0.01mg/ml) were added into the medium and OPG gene expression was quantified by RT-PCR.

1、取人胚胎颅骨骨膜，采有用酶消化法和组织培养法获取成骨细胞体外培养并传代，观察细胞形态，生物特点及成骨特性，并绘制生长曲线同时碱性磷酸酶染色鉴定成骨细胞以及比较冻存前3-5 代与冻存后成骨细胞的特点。2、电镜下观察钛合金颗粒的形态并测量其粒径，将不同浓度的钛合金颗粒(1mg/ml，0.1mg/ml，0.01mg/ml)与成骨细胞共同培养，分别于第2、4、6 天用MTT 法测量细胞增殖情况及4、7、10天用试剂盒检测碱性磷酸酶活性。3、分别将不同浓度的钛合金颗粒(1mg/ml，0.1mg/ml，0.01mg/ml)与成骨细胞基因培养3、6、9 天用RT-PCR 方法半定量测定骨保护素基因mRNA 的表达。

There were 22 pollinating insect species belonging to 4 orders and 11 families, among which, native bee species Megachile abluta, M. spissula, Xylocopa valga, Andrena parvula and Anthophora melanognatha were the main pollinators. M. abluta, M. spissula and X. valga were of uni-peak type with diurnal foraging activities trom 11:30 to 15:30, while A. parvula and A. melanognatha were of double-peak type with diurnal foraging activities on 9:30-11:30 and 16:30-18:30, indicating a complementary relationship among the pollinators. The main pollinators had significant differences in their tripping frequency and landing time, and their foraging behaviors were correlated with their body sizes.

结果表明：苜蓿访花昆虫共计22种，分别属于4个目，11个科，根据弹花效率初步确定鳞地蜂、黑颚条蜂、净切叶蜂、细切叶蜂和紫木蜂为河西地区主要传粉昆虫；主要传粉昆虫的日活动规律出现单峰型和双峰型2种，净切叶蜂、细切叶蜂和紫木蜂属于前者，只在11：30-15：30出现一个活动高峰，而鳞地蜂与黑颚条蜂则为双峰型，在9：30-11：30和16：30-18：30分别出现访花高峰，不同的传粉昆虫之间存在互补关系；主要传粉昆虫的弹花频率和小花停留时间存在显著差异，且访花行为与野生蜂体型紧密相关。

Methods 104 patients with chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency were randomly divided into two groups.in basis of routine therapy, patients in treatment group (n=56) were treated by yangxue qingnao granules,4 g,three times a day; patients in control group (n＝48) were treated by troxerutin, 3 pills a day.the course was 30 days in two groups.the indexes of hemorrheology and mca,aca,pca, va, ba and pi were observed before and after treatment.results there were significant differences between two groups in blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, mca,aca,pca,mca and pi after treatment (p.05).conclusion yangxue qingnao granules have definite effect on chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency, and decrease and hemorrheology in patients with ccci, relieve angiospasm and improve clinical symptoms.

将慢性脑供血不足患者104例随机分为2组。在常规治疗基础上治疗组56例加服养血清脑颗粒，每次4 g，每日3次口服。对照组48例在常规治疗基础上加服曲克芦丁，每次2片，每日3次口服。2组均30日为1个疗程。观察2组临床疗效，治疗前后血液流变学指标及大脑中动脉、大脑前动脉、大脑后动脉、左右椎动脉和基底动脉的搏动指数及阻力指数的变化。结果 2组治疗后全血黏度、血浆黏度，mca、aca、pca的pi及mca的ri及总有效率比较差异均有统计学意义(p＜0.05)。结论养血清脑颗粒治疗慢性脑供血不足疗效确切，能降低ccci患者的血液黏稠度及血液流变学指标，增加脑供血，缓解血管痉挛，改善临床症状，改善脑供血不足。

The production moved off-Broadway to New York City, where she won the Joseph E. Calloway award for her performance, and was profiled in American Theater Magazine as one of ten young theater artists to watch.

生产提出过百老汇的新的纽约市，在那里她赢得了约瑟夫calloway奖，她的表现，并于异型在美国的战区杂志之一， 10战区的青年艺术家观赏。

It's a risk tradeoff, and I believe that adding test support code usually wins.

这是一个风险的权衡，我相信添加测试代码通常会占上风。