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in pearl river delta region,water environmental contamination featured big amount and mixed types and centralization of pollutant discharge with latent combined pollutants,striding boundary pollution,severe municipal pollution,the trend of regional pollution being extended from cities to rural area,infall of salty tide in recent years.as a result,the unwatered complexion was hastened due to bad water quality.the factors of water environmental contamination were analyzed as the natural factors including especial hydrographic net distributed pattern,water body runoff characteristic,water resource distributive regional difference,infall of ocean tide,and so forth; the artificial factors as inconsequence of economic development mode and distribution of industry and cities planning,lagging environmental infrastructure,indifferency of environmental consciousness,dissonance of economic development and environmental protection.

珠江三角洲地区水环境污染特点表现为：污染物排放量大、类型杂且集中，潜在复合污染出现，跨界污染突出，城市污染依然严重，并呈现出从城市向农村蔓延的区域性污染趋势，加上近几年咸潮入侵加剧，使区域水质型缺水的局面更趋紧张。造成这种污染局面的因素：一方面受控于区域内特殊的河网分布格局，水体径流特征、水资源分配的地区性差异以及海潮入侵等自然因素；另一方面也反映了区域经济发展模式，工业布局和城市规划不尽合理，环境基础设施滞后，环境意识淡薄，经济发展与环境保护不协调等人为因素所致。

This paper analyzes that the main reason of low injectivity of water injection wells is that the Sr 2+ in formation water reacts with the SO 4 2- in the Yellow River water to produce precipitate of BaSO 4 when the Yellow River water mixes with formation water.

该文分析了胜坨油田注水井吸水能力降低的主要原因是黄河水与地层污水混注时，地层水中的Sr2＋、Ba2＋与黄河水中的SO2－4反应生成BaSO4、SrSO4沉淀。

Aimed at current situation of our country oil-gas field exploitation, and based on the damage mechanism knowledgement and research of reservoir permeability in the course of produced water reinjection, and its effects for the injectivity of water-injection well, The paper makes the theory and experiment study for the injectivity damage of the water-injection well caused by suspended solid particals in reinjection water and water-oil mobility discrepancy.

本文针对我国水驱油田开发现状，在深入认识和研究产出水回注对地层渗透能力损害机理及其对注水井注入能力影响的基础上，对由回注水中固相悬浮颗粒及水油流度差异造成的注水井注入能力损害进行了理论和实验研究。

As a whole,the notable characteristic of primary productivity in size-fractioned structure was that nanoplankton occupied comparatively significant advantage in Beibu Gulf.Nanoplankton has the largest contribution to gross primary productivity,and picoplankton was the secondary contributor,while microplankton the least.The contribution of microplankton for primary productivity in the north Gulf was more than that in the other waters.Nanoplankton and picoplankton contribute more to the gross primary productivity in offshore deep waters than in inshore shallow waters3.The Beibu Gulf can be divided into three ecoregions:Region-Ⅰis the ecoregion in inshore shallow waters of the north Gulf.In average,the water depth is 18m,DIN is 1.88μmol/L,DIP is 0.20μmol/L,N:P is 9.4:1,dissolved silicate is 5.17μmol/L,the Chl a conentration in surface layer is 2.27mg·m~(-3),the assimilation index in surface layer is 3.80mg/,the primary productivity is 198.78mgC/(m~2·d), and potential fishery production is estimated to be 0.24gC/(m~2·a) according to the primary productivity.The ecoregion is mainly affected by the northern coastal water systems,and may be fit for aquaculture;Region-Ⅱis the ecoregion in offshore deep waters of the north Gulf and the coastal shallow waters to the west Hainan Island.In average,the water depth is 35m,DIN is 2.01μmol/L,DIP is 0.18μmol/L,N:P is 11.2:1,disovled silicate is 4.23μmol/L,the chlorophyll a of surface layer concentration is 1.45mg·m~(-3),the assimilation index of surface layer is 4.12 mg/,the primary productivity is 276.60mgC/(m~2·d),and the estimated potential fishery production is 0.34gC/(m~2·a) according to the primary productivity. The ecoregion was mainly influenced by ocean current from the South China Sea, rivers in the west coast of Hainan Island and the water from Qiongzhou Strait.It may be fit for aquaculture and fishery;Region-Ⅲis the ecoregion in offshore deep waters of the mid and south Gulf.In average,the water depth is 75m,DIN is 0.77μmol/L, DIP is 0.15μmol/L,N:P is 5.1:1,disovled silicate is 3.05μmol/L,the chlorophyll a of surface layer concentration is 0.70mg·m~(-3),the assimilation index of surface layer averaged is 3.69mg/,the primary productivity is 350.89mgC/(m~2·d),and the estimated potential fishery production is 0.43gC/(m~2·a) according to the primary productivity.The ecoregion was mainly affected by the circulation inside Beibu Gulf, and may be fit for fishery.

初级生产力的粒级结构的一个显著特点是总体上微型浮游生物在全调查海区均占较明显优势，对总初级生产力的平均贡献最大；微微型浮游生物对初级生产力的平均贡献次之；小型浮游生物对总初级生产力的平均贡献最小；湾北部小型浮游生物对初级生产力的平均贡献高于湾中部和湾南部，而湾中部和湾南部微型和微微型浮游生物对初级生产力的平均贡献高于湾北部，远岸深水区高于近岸浅水区。3、北部湾可以分为三个生态区：湾北部近岸浅水区，该区的环境主要特点是平均水深19m，DIN浓度平均值为1.88μmol/L，DIP浓度平均值为0.20μmol/L，N：P为9.4：1，硅酸盐浓度平均值为5.17μmol/L，表层叶绿素a平均值高达2.27 mg·m~(-3)，表层同化指数平均为3.80 mg/，初级生产力平均值198.78mgC/(m~2·d)，根据初级生产力计算潜在渔业资源碳生产量平均为0.24 gC/(m~2·a)，该区主要受湾北部沿岸水系影响，适合作为水产养殖区；湾北部深水区和海南岛西部沿岸浅水区，该区的环境主要特点是平均水深35m，DIN浓度平均值为2.01μmol/L，DIP浓度平均值为0.18μmol/L，N：P为11.2：1，硅酸盐浓度平均值为4.23μmol/L，表层叶绿素a平均值1.45 mg·m~(-3)，表层同化指数平均为4.12mg/，初级生产力平均值276.60 mgC/(m~2·d)，根据初级生产力计算潜在渔业资源碳生产量平均为0.34 gC/(m~2·a)，该区主要受南部湾口区海流向湾内延伸，沿岸海南岛河流注入湾内和琼州海峡过道水的影响，适合作为渔业作业区和水产养殖区；湾中部和南部远岸深水区，该区的环境主要特点是平均水深75m，DIN浓度平均值为0.77μmol/L，DIP浓度平均值为0.15μmol/L，N：P为5.1：1，硅酸盐浓度平均值为3.05μmol/L，表层叶绿素a平均值0.70 mg·m~(-3)，表层同化指数平均为3.69 mg/，初级生产力平均值350.89 mgC/(m~2·d)，根据初级生产力计算潜在渔业资源碳生产量平均为0.43 gC/(m~2·a)，该区主要受北部湾环流影响，适合作为渔业作业区。

Selective water shut off action of water shutoff agent, effect of permeability on injection pressure, movability of water shutoff agent are researched, and multi-block design of water shutoff agent, particles diameter selection of water shutoff agent are performed.

对堵剂的选择性堵水作用、渗透率对注入压力的影响、堵剂的耐冲刷性和可动性进行了室内实验，制定了堵剂施工段塞设计以及堵剂粒径的选择方案。

The effects of NaAA content on the mechanical properties and water-swellable properties were studied. The experimental results show that NaAA has good reinforcement for the EVM vulcanizate. EVM vulcanziate reinforced by NaAA has higher water absorbing rate and equilibrium water absorbing ratio. When the NaAA content is 50 phr, the maximum water-absorbing ratio of EVM vulcanziate is 278.3%. With the incorporation of ion into immersing media, the water-absorption ratio of EVM vulcanizates decreases. FT-IR analysis confirms that NaAA formed in the process of compounding and underwent polymerization during vulcanization.

结果表明，NaAA对EVM硫化胶具有明显的增强效果；NaAA原位改性的EVM硫化胶具有较好的吸水膨胀性能，NaAA用量为50phr时，最高吸水率为278.3%；浸泡介质中离子的引入使EVM硫化胶的吸水率下降；FT-IR分析表明，在混炼过程中生成了NaAA，在硫化过程中NaAA发生聚合反应。

Gross of natural resources of water of catchment of the Yangtse River 996 billion stere, 35% what take the throughout the country, at present development utilization rate has 18% only, divide outside propping up this catchment to use water, still pass in carrying out south project of water north attune is northwardly provide fresh water resource, its moist limits involves 26 provinces city, shortage of gross of this pair of water, and distributing very not all China has fundamental strategic value.

长江流域水资源总量9960亿立方米，占全国的35%，目前开发利用率只有18%，除支撑本流域用水外，还通过实施中的南水北调工程向北方提供淡水资源，其润泽范围涉及26个省市，这对水总量短缺、且分布极为不均的中国具有重要的战略价值。

Based on water-entry dynamic and water-entry ballistic theories,the oblique water-entry process of disk ogive is simplified and a wetted correction factor is introduced in order to accord with the true water pile phenomena,and an oblique water-entry impact model coupled with ballistic and dynamic models are established.

以冲击体入水动力学和入水弹道学理论为基础，针对平头尖拱体入水冲击这个复杂物理现象，引入体现液面隆起现象的沾湿因子，用等效液面代替自由水平液面，建立了斜入水高速冲击的运动学和动力学冲击模型，其中动力学模型是根据平头尖拱体沾湿面的具体几何形状而建立。

Based on water-entry dynamic and water-entry ballistic theories, the oblique water-entry process of disk ogive is simplified and a wetted correction factor is introduced in order to accord with the true water pile phenomena, and an oblique water-entry impact model coupled with ballistic and dynamic models are established. According to the exact geometric shape of the wetted body surface, the dynamic model is established.

以冲击体入水动力学和入水弹道学理论为基础，针对平头尖拱体入水冲击这个复杂物理现象，引入体现液面隆起现象的沾湿因子，用等效液面代替自由水平液面，建立了斜入水高速冲击的运动学和动力学冲击模型，其中动力学模型是根据平头尖拱体沾湿面的具体几何形状而建立。

OSR Ozone Nanomi Water Purifier is a complete set of water processor, divided into front parts and postpositioned parts. The front parts are equipments processing water with ozone. That is to kill bacteria, disinfect, remove colour, wipe off alga, decompose organic matter, degrade pesticide, and oxygenate heavy metal. It wipes off the harmful matter in water, and supplies high quality water.

欧森瑞臭氧纳米高能活化保健水机是完整的一套水处理设备，分为前置件和后置件，前置件是臭氧处理水设备，即对水进行臭氧杀菌、消毒、除色、除味、除藻、分解有机物、降解农药、氧化重金属等，解除的是水中的有害物质，提供优质的功能性使用水。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。