查询词典 water permeability

Air permeability of field soil was obtained k1=4.8446×10^(-12)m^2 by soil column method. Meanwhile, relative permeability curve of air-water was gained by biphase flowing experiment. During experiment period, average of soil water content was 0.2689g and pH value was 7.0-8.5. The quantity of aboriginal animalcule went down sharply after pouring contamination into the ground and then rose gradually to its original level which was 10^7 (unit g1dry soil).

采用土柱法测得现场土壤的空气有效渗透率为k1=4.8446×10^(-12)平方公尺，通过气液两相流动试验得到气－液相对渗透率曲线；试验期间土壤平均含水量为0.2689g，pH值在7.0-8.5之间；微生物含量在注入污染物及营养盐后先下降后回升，驯化后期细菌密度达10^7（个g^(-1)干土）数量级。

Aimed at current situation of our country oil-gas field exploitation, and based on the damage mechanism knowledgement and research of reservoir permeability in the course of produced water reinjection, and its effects for the injectivity of water-injection well, The paper makes the theory and experiment study for the injectivity damage of the water-injection well caused by suspended solid particals in reinjection water and water-oil mobility discrepancy.

本文针对我国水驱油田开发现状，在深入认识和研究产出水回注对地层渗透能力损害机理及其对注水井注入能力影响的基础上，对由回注水中固相悬浮颗粒及水油流度差异造成的注水井注入能力损害进行了理论和实验研究。

In this paper, the reasons leading to poor development effects of Chaoyanggou low-permeability oilfield are analyzed, the relational expressions between recovery efficiency and well spacing density, considering the start-up pressure, are given. In the paper, the water flooding control degree, lower limit of reservoir permeability, effectively driving factor, and other parameters are studied, and their influence on the well spacing density is presented.

中文摘要：摘要：本文分析了大庆朝阳沟低渗透油田开发效果差的主要原因，给出了考虑启动压力条件下，采收率与井网密度的关系式；研究了水驱控制程度、油藏渗透率下限、有效驱动系数等参数对井网密度的影响；确定了朝阳沟油田合理井网密度界限。

The results of laboratory reconstituted permeability tests show that the permeability coefficient of remolded marlite samples is greater than that of the reconstituted clay rock when their dry densities are the same with natural water content.

室内重塑渗透试验结果表明：天然含水率下相同干密度的重塑泥灰岩的渗透系数大于黏土岩，其渗透系数随干密度的增大而减小的速率小于黏土岩，且测得重塑膨胀岩样渗透系数均小于场地的原位渗透系数。

Selective water shut off action of water shutoff agent, effect of permeability on injection pressure, movability of water shutoff agent are researched, and multi-block design of water shutoff agent, particles diameter selection of water shutoff agent are performed.

对堵剂的选择性堵水作用、渗透率对注入压力的影响、堵剂的耐冲刷性和可动性进行了室内实验，制定了堵剂施工段塞设计以及堵剂粒径的选择方案。

When caprylic aldehyde content was at the range of 0～4%,the water vapor permeability of the modified wheat protein cross-linked with formaldehyde increased. When the caprylic aldehyde content increased,the water vapor permeability decreased because of the chemical modification.

辛醛含量在0～4％范围增加时，甲醛交联的改性蛋白质塑料的透湿性增强；当辛醛含量继续增加，透湿率有一定程度的下降。

Specifically, itcontains 8 chapters.In chapter 1, the formation, structures, properties and the futureprospect of liposome were thoroughly reviewed;In chapter 2, the stibility and permeability of phopholipid -eleostericacid liposome were studied together with the effect of polymerizationof eleostearic acid. This membrane system was very sensitive to 〓,the effect of 〓 was clarified to increase the aggregation/fusion ofliposomes and made the permeability of mixed liposomes much higher;In chapter 3, two polymerizable conjugated diyne bolaamphiphiles were synthesized. They could form very stable mixed liposome, andthe diyne could be polymerized by UV light in bilayer liposomes, as aresult, the stability of mixed liposome against solvent or surfactantafter polymerization were enhanced. In chapter 4, two kinds of amphiphilic amino acids were synthesized andstable liposomes were formed therefrom After the condensationpolymerization of amino acid in bilayer liposomes, stable polypeptide liposomes were obtained, which had lower phase transition temperatureand higher permeability.In chapter 5, four kinds of glycolipids were synthesized and theiraggregation behavior in water was comparied. When incorporated intophospholipid bilayer membranes, they could increase the phase transitiontemperatures and inhibit the aggregation and fusion of mixedliposomesat lower temperature.In chapter 6 and 7, three kinds of steroidal bolaamphiphiles withdifferent chain lengths were synthesized. Incorporation of steroidalmoiety to the center of lipid bilayer membrane obviously increased themobility of lipid membrane and shifted Tc to lower temperature side incomparasion with cholesterol. The bolaamphiphile which was shorter thanthe hosted lipid bilayer membrane thickness influenced the lipid packingmore obviously.

全文共分8章：第一章对脂质体的形成、结构、性质及展望进行了较为详细的文献综述；第二章研究了磷脂-桐酸脂质体的稳定性，通透能力及桐酸的聚合对这些性质的影响；磷脂-桐酸混合脂质体为一类对〓灵敏的脂质体，〓的作用首先是使脂质体集聚然后使脂质体融合，并加速内包荧光物的释放；第三章通过合成两种可聚合共轭双炔双极性双亲分子DDCA，DDOL，研究了共双炔分子在双分子层脂质体膜上的聚合及对脂质体性质的影响，聚合可以提高脂质体相对于溶剂及表面活性剂的稳定性；第四章合成了两类氨基酸为极性基团的双亲分子，它们均可以在超声下形成稳定的脂质体结构；氨基酸基团可以在脂质体上进行缩聚反应，若聚合后脂质体表面仍有足够的亲水能力，则可得到稳定的多肽型脂质体；聚合后脂质体的相变温度降低，通透能力增加；第五章合成了四种亲水基团为单糖基的双亲分子GL-l，GL-2，GL-3， GL-4，研究了它们在水中的分散情况、集合体形态与分子结构的关系；在DMPC双分子层膜中加入糖脂分子可以使脂质体的相变温度提高，阻止脂质体在低温放置时的集聚与融合；第六章-第七章合成了三种不同碳链长度的双极性含胆甾环双亲分子 CL-1，CL-2，CL-3；它们可以象胆固醇一样与磷脂混合形成稳定脂质体，胆甾环基团位于脂质体双分子层膜的中间；与胆固醇的作用相反，它们可以增加磷脂双分子层膜的流动性，降低混合脂质体的相变温度；三种分子的作用与其碳链长度和磷脂双分子层膜的厚度有关，比膜厚度短的分子影响最大。

Its form and intensity in different areas of the buried hills and different evolution stage are very different and has caused the change of reservoir properties, namely increasing heterogeneity: intensive and selective corrosion has caused obvoius enlargment of the pre—existing pores and increase of permeability of algal sparry dolomite located in main permeable course and dilution zone of water injection, precipitation of secondary minerals has caused the reduction of porosity and decrease of permeability in the upper part of oil pool and oil—water contact.

古潜山不同区段在油藏保存和开发期，其水—岩作用方式与强度具有明显的差异性，导致储渗性能的非均质性增强：在主渗流带中的亮晶藻屑白云岩由于受到多期强烈的选择性溶蚀作用，孔洞发育，渗透性增强；而在油藏顶部和底部油水混合带中，水—岩作用以次生矿物沉淀为主，孔隙被充填，渗透性降低。

During the fracturing for low pressure and low permeability gas reservoirs, there are some main problems in conventional hydroxypropylguar - organic boron cross-linking system: Firstly, the water-lock damage to low pressure and low permeability gas formations by filter liquor; Secondly, the reason for alkali-sensitive damage in alkali-sensitive reservoirs is that conventional hydroxypropylguar - organic boron cross-linking fracturing fluids were cross-linked under alkaline environment, while the permeability of reservoirs is reduced greatly; Thirdly, the formation pressure is low, and the energy of flow back is not enough, at present, the main measure in oil fields is "injecting with liquid nitrogen", but this technique increased the cost of fracturing, making great troubles in operating, and leaving the liquid nitrogen also is a big problem.

在低压低渗透气藏的压裂改造过程中，常规羟丙基胍胶-有机硼交联压裂液体系存在的主要问题，一是压裂液滤液对低压低渗透气层造成的水锁损害；二是常规羟丙基胍胶-有机硼压裂液是在碱性条件下交联的，对碱敏性储层造成碱敏损害，降低储层渗流能力；三是地层压力低，压裂液返排能量不足，当前各油田采取的措施主要是&液氮伴注&技术，但是&液氮伴注&技术增加了压裂的费用，而且液氮存放也存在较大问题。

The numerical simulation of the water infiltration in dry sands and fly ash in two-dimensional shows that the influences of pore gas flowing on the water infiltration process are different for soil with different air permeability, which can not be ignored when air permeability of soil is low.

数值结果表明，对导气率不同的土类，孔隙气体的排出过程对孔隙水入渗运动有不同的影响，对导气率低的土类影响很大，且不可忽略。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。