查询词典 water and soil

Soil erosion is one of the most important ecological environment problems in our country, which results in land resource destroy, soil degradation, land productivity decrease, water pollution, river and water storage works aggradation, flood, avalanche, mudrock flow and menace to the life and wealth of people, and so on.

土壤侵蚀问题是目前我国面临的主要生态环境问题之一，严重的水土流失不仅破坏土地资源、降低土壤肥力、制约粮食生产增长，还污染水环境、淤积河道和蓄水工程，导致洪水、崩塌和泥石流等灾害频繁发生、威胁人民的生命财产等。

The authors mainly analyzed the cause of formation and the status of soil and water loss in blackland, and using the grey system theory to build a model to forecast the rate of the change about physical and chemical of blacksoil. At the same time,the prevention and cure measures and new technology of monitoring soil and water loss on sloping land in blackland are presented.

就黑土区水土流失的成因及现状进行分析，利用灰色系统理论，对黑土区土壤的主要物理化学性状进行建模预测，预测出未来黑土区土壤的理化性状的变化趋势，同时论述黑土区水土流失的防治及监测的技术研究进展。

The soil and water loss parts is extracted from this area by the difference of spectrum feature of soil and water loss area and other ground object, the conditional expression and the simple model.

利用水土流失区光谱特征与其它地物的差异性，建立条件表达式，并建立简单模型，即可把该区的水土流失区提取出来。

Based on analyzing the mechanism of heat and water transfer in unsaturated soil, and the conservation principles of mass and energy, the theoretical model of heat and water migration in unsaturated soil was established.

理论上，通过对土壤内热和水分迁移机理分析，根据质量守恒和能量守恒原理，建立了土壤非饱和区热和水分迁移的理论模型。

By mono-factor analysis of the point drip infiltration,the horizontal and vertical movement distance of soil wetting front were not only in close relation with dripper discharge and drop water,but also had good power functional relation which exists with the soil characteristic ( soil density, soil initial moisture).

以室内试验为基础，测定了重壤土、中壤土、砂壤土在不同滴头流量、不同灌水量下的点源入渗运动过程，通过对点源入渗特性的单因子分析表明，湿润锋水平、垂直扩散距离不仅与滴头流量、灌水量关系密切，与土壤特性(土壤容重、初始含水率)也存在良好的幂函数关系，得出了以土壤物理参数和湿润比及湿润深度为基础的点源滴灌滴头流量的设计模式

Results showed that the content of available P increased in loamy soil by application of N and P under the content of soil water (11%～14%), and content of soil available P decreased with the depth of soil increase.

结果表明，在中壤质土壤含水量 11%～ 14%的情况下，不同N、P配比明显增加了土壤剖面中速效P的含量，但随着土壤深度的增加，土壤速效P呈不断下降的趋势。

When rolling the roadbed, the best degree of compaction is 93%~95%. When taking Aeolian sand for preventing the water rising, the Aeolian sand replacement should be set above water table, which should normally be made at 50~80 cm depth of soil base with 15~20 cm thickness of replacement for medium wet subgrade and 20~30 cm for wet subgrade. When using stabilized soil inorganic binder for prevention and control of the frost damage, the thickness of the binder is about 25 cm The mass proportion of cement, coal and Aeolian is about 6:40:54 and lime, fly ash and aeolian is about 14:30:56. Based on these, comparative evaluation for various preventing and curing measures of the Aeolian subgrade was given.

通过对试验数据分析得到了其冻结规律，采用碾压击实法，其最佳压实度度为93%~95%；采用风积砂换填隔水法，风积砂垫层时位置应在地下水位以上，一般应在土基50~80 cm深度处铺筑，换填厚度在中湿路基为15~20 cm，潮湿路基为20~30 cm；采用无机结合料稳定土防止、防治风积土路基道路冻害，厚度均应在25 cm左右，其中水泥、煤渣、风积土的质量比约为6：40：54，石灰、粉煤灰、土三者的质量比为14：30：56，在此基础上，对各种措施的防治效果进行了对比评价。

Secondly, I study the expermets about the heat-moisture migration, analyze moisture transfer and correlation theory of the temperature field in the frozen soil , analysis comparally the temperatue field ,the moisture field, dynamical sources , and the water transport rate and so on of the moisture and temperature transfer both in the soft rock materical and in the frozen soil, gained the consistency and the difference in the heat-moisture migration about the soft rock materical and the frozen soil under the same condtion, the heat-moisture migration of the soft rock materical is accord with the correlation theory of the capillary porous colloid's heat and mass transfer, the theory caused moisture transfer of frozen soil is applied samely in the soft rock materical.

其次，研究冻土相关的水热迁移实验，分析了冻土水分迁移及温度场相关的规律；通过与冻土水热迁移对比分析软岩类材料的水热迁移的温度场、水分场、动力源和水分迁移速度等，得出了软岩类材料与冻土在同一条件下的水热规律的一致性和差异性，软岩类材料水热迁移也符合毛细孔隙胶体介质之热-质迁移的相关理论，引起冻土水分迁移的吸附-薄膜理论依然适用软岩类材料。

The results show that 42.86% topsoil samples are polluted by Cadmium, soil synthesis pollution index is moderate, Cadmium pollution degree of topsoil correlate with the environment of sampling sites. The results also show that exchangeable Cd, carbonate-bound Cd, organic-bound Cd and residual Cd are found in all soil samples except for Fe-Mn oxide-bound Cd. Furthermore, the concentration of exchangeable Cd and carbonate-bound Cd, both which have high biological validity, is high. Humus has a certain correlation with exchangeable Cd, organic-bound Cd and residual Cd, and has no obvious correlation with other chemical speciations. Any chemical speciation of Cd has no obvious correlation with pH and total Fe of soil samples. Cadmium in topsoil can be eluviated by acid solution, the quantity of Cadmium eluviated by redistilled water is little. With the rise of pH of eluviating solution, eluviated Cadmium quantity decrease. For the same soil sample, the lower pH value of eluviating solution is, the more fast the Cadmium is eluviated, and the more thequantity of Cadmium is eluviated.

研究结果表明：成都市表生土壤样中有42.86%受镉污染，镉综合污染水平达中度污染，成都市表生土壤镉污染程度与采样点周围环境表现出一定的相关性；除铁锰氧化物结合态镉在部分土壤样中未检出外，所有土壤样均含有可交换态镉、碳酸盐结合态镉、有机结合态镉、残留态镉，且生物有效性较高的可交换态镉和碳酸盐结合态镉占总镉量比例较高；成都市表生土壤中的腐殖质与可交换态镉、有机结合态镉、残留态镉有一定相关性，与碳酸盐结合态镉、铁锰氧化物结合态镉相关性不显著；各形态镉与土壤pH值和全铁的相关性均不显著；土壤中的镉可被酸溶液淋出，重蒸馏水淋出镉量十分微小；随着淋滤液pH值的升高，土壤样的镉淋出量下降，且0～5小时时段的镉淋出量占镉总淋出量比例下降，5～30小时时段的镉淋出量占镉总淋出量的比例上升，对同一土壤样而言，酸度大的淋滤液比酸度小的淋滤液淋出镉速度更快，淋出镉量更大。

Using the relative reflection as weighting factor, the weighted mean of the surface albedo over Dunhuang Gobi in typical arid region is calculated and its values are 0.255 ± 0.021. After canceling the interference of the buildings, the mean values of the roughness length averaged with logarithm is 0.0019 ± 0.00071 m. After removing the influence of the oasis, the soil wetness factor computed with data under condition of no precipitation is 0.0045. After removing the influence of the precipitation .the mean values of the soil heat capacity over Dunhuang Gobi in typical ac-id region is 112 × 10 ~6 m~(-3)K~(-1), a bit smaller than the values observed i n HEIFE. But the soil heat diffusivity and conductivity are about one of those observed in HEIFE. The soil water content over Dunhuang Gobi in typical synoptic condition is very little and does not exceed 1% basically.

并且利用相对反射为权重加权平均，计算得到典型干旱区敦煌荒漠戈壁的平均反射率为0.255±0.021；剔除建筑物干扰后，利用对数平均法计算的粗糙度长度平均值为0，0019±0.00071 m；剔除绿洲影响后，用无降水影响的资料确定出土壤湿度影响因子为0.0045；剔除降水影响后，用观测资料计算的敦煌典型干旱区荒漠戈壁的热容量平均值为1.12×10~6m~（－3）K~（－1），比&黑河试验&在戈壁和在其它沙漠观测的有关值略小一些，但热扩散率和热传导率都比&黑河试验&在戈壁观测的值小一倍左右；观测的敦煌戈壁典型天气条件下的土壤含水量非常小，基本上不超过1％。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。