查询词典 water and soil

In order to study the regularity of soil salt accumulation in plough layer caused by groundwater in the Yellow River Delta, GIS and the fundamentals and methods of geostatistics were applied to regionalize the study area based on the spatial distribution pattern of groundwater table and the criteria of critical water table. And for each sub-region, quantitative analysis was performed between groundwater mineralization and soil salt accumulation in plough layer at the spatial scale.

为研究黄河三角洲地区地下水作用条件下耕层土壤的积盐规律，运用GIS和地统计学的原理与方法，结合地下水埋深的空间分布以及临界埋深的划分标准对研究区域进行分区，并从空间尺度对各分区地下水矿化度与耕层土壤积盐规律进行了定量分析。

An experiment was carried out in the greenhouse using a three-compartment rhizobox system to study effects of inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus etunicatum, Glomus intraradices and Glomus mosseae on Festuca rubra and Agrostis hugoniana, and soil environment. Results indicate that inoculation had significant effects on AM fungi infection of the plants and plant growth, increasing dry matter and P contents of both ground parts and roots and phosphorus absorption rate of the plants, improving microbial flora in the rhizaphere and water stability of soil aggregates.

采用三室隔网装置，就Glomus， etunicatum、intraradices、Glomus mosseae对2种高山草地植物和土壤环境的影响进行了研究结果表明：接种AM真菌对草地植物的侵染和生长均具显著效应，植株地上部、根系干物重以及含磷量、吸磷量均显著高于不接种处理，菌根菌丝对植株吸磷的贡献率达

The root biomass improved the soil infiltration rate and reduced runoff,the runoff and erosion amount of meadow brome decreased by 98.2%and 99.9% respectively,and the ability of water retention and soil-reinforcement of meadow brome was 5.2 and 1.5 times than that of corn.

同时，草地雀麦010 cm土层根系发达，地下生物量是玉米的2.88倍，可以显著提高自然降水的土壤入渗率，减少地表径流，使坡地年径流量与土壤侵蚀模数减少98.2%和99.9%，保水、固土能力是玉米种植的5.2倍和1.5倍，水土流失防治效果显著。

The results show that, firstly, Stellera chamaejasme L, which rely on their developed axial root system in the 10～40cm soil layer to occupy the competitive priority of volume, length, surface area and so on, in the case of their adaptive faculty to poor surroundings resulting from fruit picking, trampling and overgrazing as well as with the phenomenon of restrained growth among various plants, gradually become the dominant plant in the herbaceous community; secondly, this kind of degraded grassland has not displayed any general characteristic of degradation such as surface exposure, accumulative quantity of vegetation reduced, water loss, soil erosion and so on, therefor, it should be dealt with distinguishingly; thirdly, if"Stellera chamaejasme L Killer"and"Oxytropis ochrocephala Killer"invented by CAS are taken advantage of respectively in the bloom period of Stellera chamaejasme L and at the beginning of florescence of Oxytropis ochrocephala bunge by ultra-low volume spray of 1. 05L/hm〓 and 1. 35～165L/hm〓 dosage separately, the death rates of poisonous herbs may achieve above 95% and 92% correspondently; fourthly, this technology with the characteristics of high work efficiency, exclusive selectivity and convenient operation, is safe to non-target plants and other animals, and has no toxic or side-effect to environment; furthermore, an execution of"Stellera chamaejasme L Killer"spray and a two-year grazing prohibition can be effectively applied on degraded grasslands of"Weed and Poisonous plants Type".

结果表明：狼毒凭借发达的轴根系在10～40cm土层中形成的体积、长度、表面积等竞争优势，以及对采食、践踏、过度放牧所形成的不良环境的适应能力和异株克生现象的存在，逐步成为草群中的优势植物；毒杂草型退化草地没有表现出地表裸露、植物蓄积量减少、水土流失等一般性退化特征，对该类草地的治理应区别对待；应用中科院研制的'灭狼毒'和'灭棘豆'分别在狼毒盛花期和黄花棘豆初花期，以1.05L/hm〓、1.35～165L/hm〓的施用量超低容量喷雾，毒草的死亡率可达到95％、92％以上；该技术具有工效高、选择性专一、灭效高、操作简便，对非靶标植物和其它动物安全，对环境无毒副作用的特点；采用喷施'灭狼毒'+短期禁牧措施，可以有效治理毒杂草型退化草地。

Beijing environmental problems hold severe, and atmospheric and water pollute, soil and water loss, hot island and yawp are leading problems,and take on territorial characteristic. Based on research on relativity between urban forest and these environmental problems, urban forest can effective improve environmental quality in Beijing. And for the aim of improve environmental quality, Beijing forest overlay should attain 35% at least in citywide range, and local-areas being severe environmental problem should be provided with higher forest overlay.5. Through the study on urban forest needed capacity, Beijing's forest coverage is up to par in citywide range, but montanic forest coverage, plain covered with trees and average forest area are lacking, and CO2 and O2 balance is incapable;form the point of heat and balance CO2 and O2 balance,urban forest the city zone and suburb is lack. There is urban forest developmental potential space,but the city zone and suburb area need be compensated form urban forest in circumjacent region.6. On the based of the above results and ecological network system, the author drived whole region into city area, plain and mountain area are needed at the point of planning thoughts of running-through forests and water .

根据城市森林与北京市主要环境问题的相关性分析，城市森林在改善这些环境问题中具有重要的作用，为有效改善这些环境问题，整个北京市域范围内森林覆盖率至少达到35%，并且分布比较均匀，环境问题严重的局部区域需要不同程度增加森林覆盖率。5、通过对北京市城市森林需求量研究发现，虽然在市域范围内北京森林覆盖率达到了国家标准，但是山区森林覆盖率、平原林木覆盖率、城区人均森林面积不足；从区域热平衡和碳氧平衡角度分析，城区和郊区不能满足本区域的城市森林需求量，虽然北京市城市森林具有一定的发展潜力，整体上基本可以满足城市需要，但是这些区域需要依靠周边区域城市森林的补偿。6、根据以上的研究结果，以中国森林生态网络体系建设的点、线、面布局理念为指导，以&林网化——水网化&作为优化理念，将北京市整个市域划分为城区近郊区及其辐射区域，平原区和山区三大区域，依据三大区域特点进行城市森林布局优化。

In recent years, due to the discharge of industrial wastes, irrigation with pol- luted water and the use of fertilizer and pesticide, more and more Cd entered and accumulated gradually in the black soil (Guo and Zhou, 2004), which has imposed potential effect on the environment of black soil.

在近年来，由于排放工业废料，灌溉的Pol - luted水和使用肥料和杀虫剂，更裁谈会和更多的进入和积累，逐步在黑土（郭和周， 2004年），已施加的潜在影响，对环境的黑土。

The ammonia volatilizing of fertilizer is suit to the dynamic equation as Y=a+bt, the coefficients in the equation are related to the kind of fertilizer, temperature and water content of soil, and the dynamic equation about ammonia volatilization including water and temperature and the is developed. In addition, the dynamic equation about ammonia fertilizer affected by interaction of water and temperature is gotten.

肥料氨累积挥发量符合零级反应动力学方程Y=a+bt，方程中系数与肥料种类、温度和土壤含水量有关，碳铵a、b值均比硫酸铵高，土壤含水量增大，a、b值降低，温度升高，a、b值增大，并由此得到含温度或土壤湿度因子的肥料氨挥发动力学方程，并建立了含水、热因子的肥料氨挥发水热耦合效应动力学方程。

See parents should first soil and soot mixed together, get absorbed, and then in the middle of the small mounds of earth dug a pit, down in Sheung Shui; slowly to shovel coal ash and soil into the water and up until, and very uniform , as the cement spill it, be considered better.

见爸妈先把土和煤灰掺在一起，弄匀，然后在小土堆中间挖一个坑，倒上水；慢慢的把煤灰和土铲进水里和起来，直到和得很均匀，就像抹地的水泥那样，才算好了。

We will strictly implement the spirits of the 17th Congress of the CPC. In line with the viewpoint of scientific development and the new ideas of harmony between water and man, we will grip the opportunity, deepen reform and speed up development as to resolve the four main puzzlers we are facing which are the disaster caused by flood and drougnt, water scarcity, soil erosion and water pollution.

江西水利人将认真贯彻党的十七大精神，以科学发展观和人水和谐治水新思路为指导，抓住机遇，深化改革，加快发展，着力解决面临的洪涝灾害、干旱缺水、水土流失、水污染四大水问题，促进全省经济社会又好又快发展，为在新起点上实现江西崛起的新跨越提供有力的水利保障。

There are thinks the double features of saline and alkaline for the formation and evolutionprocess of the salinization soils in this region,the generation intensity and scale are related withgeomorphological types,shallow water geochemical types,shallow water table and soil structureetc.,presents the quantity relationship between the salinization degree of the soils,shallow watertable and mineralization,expounds the four stage and seasonal succession features of slattransference and inversion,discuss the interaction between ions in shallow water and soils and thethe regularity of the salt transference and accumulation under freeze-thaw action.

本文在野外调查、监测及实验研究的基础上提出松嫩平原盐渍土的形成过程存在盐化与碱化双重作用，其发生强度和规模与地貌、潜水类型、径流条件、潜水水位、土壤结构有关，提取出潜水埋深、矿化度与土壤盐渍化程度关系的定量指标，以及土壤盐分迁移转化季节性变化的四个阶段及其特征。同时重点研究了潜水与土壤之间元素交互作用及冻融作用下盐分迁移和聚积规律，为土壤次生盐渍化的防治提供了理伦依据和技术支撑。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。