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Result: The optimization process of extraction for Flavonoids in Bidens can be described as following: microwave power was 850 W, radiation time was 30 min, solvent concentration was 40%, solvent volume was 13 times as the proportion of raw material, and dipping time was 60 min.

结果：优选出微波辅助萃取鬼针草中总黄酮的工艺条件为：微波功率850 W，提取时间30 min，溶剂浓度40%，液固比13∶1，浸泡时间60 min；牡丹皮中丹皮酚的工艺条件为：微波功率340 W，提取时间20 min，溶剂浓度85%，液固比例为5∶1，浸泡时间30 min。

In the same time, water-soluble bidental phosphines ligand BISBIS sulfonated 2,2''-bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl-1,1''-biphenyl was synthesized, and water-soluble rhodium complex Cl was synthesized in situ. This complex which was used as catalysts to catalyze the hydrogenation of avermectin was also tested. Although the rhodium complex containing bidentate phosphine BISBIS showed a higher catalytic activity than one containing TPPDS, the selectivity for ivermectin was lower. How to improve the selectivity will be needed to studied in futur.

同时我们用磺化的2，2''-二-- 1，1''--联苯，以及它们的水溶性威尔金森型铑配合物和环辛二烯的阳离子铑配合物，在利用这些配合物作催化剂，考察它们在各种反应条件下对阿维菌素的选择加氢，由于反应条件以及复合催化剂体系的组成还需要进一步优化，虽然双齿膦配合物显示了较高的活性，然而选择性还有待进一步提高。

The optimal measuring conditions were investigated. The results indicated that the catalytic reaction to Pt and bromocresol purple was the first-order reaction. The apparent activation energy was 217.4kJ/mol and the maximum absorption wavelength of fading reaction was at 434 nm. The linear range of Pt was 0.16-4.0μg/L and the detection limit was 2.5×10^(-11)g/mL. Most of common ions had no interference with the determination, while ten multiples of Ru, Rh and Os had interference with the determination of Pt. Therefore.

选择了最佳测定条件，实验结果表明，催化反应对铂和溴甲酚紫为一级反应，反应的表观活化能为217.4kJ/mol，褪色反应的最大吸收波长为434nm，方法测定R哪的线性范围为0.16~4.0μg／L，检出限为2.5×10^(-11)g/mL，大多数常见离子不干扰测定，10倍以上的Ru，Rh和Os对测定有干扰，可在测定前分离除去。

SO〓〓/M〓O〓 solid superacid was applied to the photocatalytic oxidation of organic pollutants for the first time. Porous SO〓〓/TiO〓 solid superacid catalysts with high specific surface area were prepared by sol-gel method. The photocatalytic degradation of bromomethane was used as model reaction. The influence of impregnation with H〓SO〓 solution on the structure of catalysts and their photocatalytic performance was systematically studied by using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, N〓 sorption analysis applying BET method, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, O〓-TPD and photocatalytic activity measurement. The acidity of TiO〓-based catalysts was investigated by Hammett indicator method, NH〓-TPD and IR spectra of pyridine adsorbtion. The mechanism of superacidifing effects on photocatalytic performances such as the photocatalytic degradation rate of bromomethane, apparent kinetic constant and apparent quantum efficiency was discussed.The results indicated that SO〓〓 is combined with metal ions of TiO〓 in a chelating bidentate mode.

本文首次将SO〓〓/MxOy型固体超强酸催化剂用于光催化氧化有机污染物研究，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了具有多孔性和大比表面结构的二氧化钛基固体超强酸光催化剂SO〓〓/TiO〓，以光催化降解溴代甲烷为模型反应，系统地研究了H〓SO〓浸渍处理对催化剂表面酸性及其气相光催化性能的影响，结合XRD、BET、XPS、FTIR、Hammett指示剂法、吡啶吸附红外光谱、NH〓-TPD、O〓-TPD、紫外可见漫反射光谱等多种表征手段，深入地讨论了超强酸化对TiO〓的改性机理，阐明了引起SO〓〓/TiO〓超强酸催化剂光催化降解溴代甲烷的转化率、表观反应速率常数和表观量子效率变化的本质原因。

Serum alt,ast,and bile acid were observed by enzyme assay and the ratio of ast/alt was worked out. serum bilirubin was measured by peariman and lee method. serum albumin was tested by bromphenol assay and was simultaneously measured to hyaluronic acid, type ⅲ procollagen, laminin and type ⅳ collagen by ria. meanwhile, prothrombin time and platelet count were measured and so on. results: the level of serum aca was raised increasingly in different cirrhotic cases with different classifications of child-pugh, according to severity of the condition.

应用酶联免疫吸附法分别对不同分级的肝硬化患者血清中抗心磷脂抗体的含量进行了测定；用酶法测定了alt、ast与胆汁酸并计算ast/alt值；用peariman和lee改良法测定血清胆红素；用溴甲酚氯比色法测定血清白蛋白；用放射免疫分析法测定透明质酸、ⅲ型前胶原氮端肽、层粘连蛋白与ⅳ型胶原；并测定了凝血酶原时间与血小板计数等相关指标。

Results showed:(1) The airway responsiveness of smoke control group was higher than that of normal control group, the airway responsiveness of smoke + exercise group was lower than that of smoke control group;(2) Plasma level of cortisol determined immediately after exercise was higher than that determined before exercise, no significant difference occurs between that determined next day morning after all exercise finished in contrast to that determined before exercise;(3) HE staining showed, there was severe chronic pulmonary inflammatory response in smoke control group, which was reduced in the smoke + exercise group;(4) chronic cigarette smoke downregulated the protein and mRNA expression of BKca in smooth muscles of bronchi and bronchioli, exercise increased the mRNA expression of BKca;(5) chronic cigarette smoke downregulated the protein and mRNA expression of Kv1. 5 in smooth muscles of bronchi and bronchioli, exercise increased both the protein and mRNA expression of Kv1. 5 in contrast to smoke control group in bronchioli and did not effect the expression of Kv1. 5 in bronchi;(6) chronic cigarette smoke induced upregulation of FIZZ1/RELMα in bronchial smooth muscle cells, exercise decreased these effect.

结果：(1)吸烟对照组的气道反应性明显增高，吸烟加运动应激可明显降低大鼠的气道反应性；(2)吸烟运动组运动后血浆皮质醇浓度明显高于运动前，但全部运动结束后次日晨测定的血浆皮质醇浓度与运动前无明显差异；(3)HE染色显示，吸烟对照组肺组织出现明显的慢性炎症反应，吸烟加运动应激组比吸烟对照组炎症反应轻；(4)慢性吸烟可降低大鼠大气道和小气道BKca mRNA和蛋白表达，而吸烟加运动应激可使BKca mRNA表达上调，但对小气道的蛋白表达无影响；(5)慢性吸烟可降低大鼠大气道和小气道Kv1.5蛋白和mRNA表达，在小气道吸烟加运动应激可减轻这种作用，大气道则无作用；(6)吸烟使支气管平滑肌的FIZZ1/RELMα蛋白表达明显增强，而吸烟加运动组的RELMα蛋白及mRNA均明显减弱。

The patient was a 66-year-old male who presented with paraparesis. On examination, strength was 5/5 in both upper extremities and 3-4/5 in both lower extremities. Pricking sensation was relatively retarded below the sixth thoracic vertebra on both sides. Fine-touch sensation was limited below the ninth thoracic vertebra on the right side and below the eleventh thoracic vertebra on the left side. Responses to vibration and joint position sense were well preserved. Deep tendon reflexes were increased in his legs. He had voluntary anal contraction and preserved anal and bulbocavernous reflexes. MRI revealed dissection of the descending aorta from T4 to T10 levels with thrombus present in the false lumen, and the thoracic cord was marked atrophy, especially from T6 to T8 levels. To the best of our knowledge, no such case had been reported so far.

这是一位66岁的男性病患，到院时以下半身轻截瘫来表现，检查后发现其双上肢肌力为5/5而双下肢肌力则为3-4/5，刺痛觉在两侧第六胸椎以下异常，轻触觉在右侧第九胸椎与左侧第十一胸椎以下异常，震动觉与本体感觉则皆属正常，深肌腱反射在两下肢均有异常增强的情形，肛门的主动收缩正常且肛门反射与球体海绵体肌反射均正常，核磁共振影像显示降主动脉在T4到T10处有剥离的情形并於伪腔内发现血栓，此外，病患之胸部脊髓则有明显萎缩的现象，以T6到T8处最为明显，就目前可见的文献资料，并无类似的报告被提出。

Results When the foot was in a relaxing position, the optimal position to observe anterior talofibular ligament with MRI was transverse orientation, to calcaneofibular ligament was transverse oblique, to posterior talofibular ligament and cervical ligament was coronal and to interosseous talocalcaneal ligament was sagittal orientation. The identifying signs of the ligaments were described.

结果 当足呈自然放松位时，距腓前韧带在横断位，跟腓韧带在斜横断位，距腓后韧带在冠状位，颈韧带在冠状位，距跟骨间韧带在矢状位断面上，为最佳观测方位，并提出了各韧带在断面上的辨认标志。

The results showed that adding lime could improve the growth of sisal effectively and inhibit the uptake of heavy metals on Cu polluted soil. When soil Cu was 500mg/kg, the best dosage was 3375kg/hm2. When soil Cu was 1000mg/kg the best dosage was 4500kg/ hm2, this combination of sisal and calcareousness could transplant Cu twice time more than that of only plant sisal. When soil Cu was 2000mg/kg adding calcareousness could effectively improve the growth of sisal.

加入石灰后剑麻的生物学产量有明显提高，Cu轻度污染土壤上石灰最佳施入量为3375kg/hm2，该条件下其剑麻移走的Cu量明显高于单种植剑麻的移走量，Cu中度污染土壤其最佳用量为4500kg/hm2，该组合下从土壤中移走的Cu几乎是单种植剑麻的两倍，在Cu重度污染的土壤中，随着石灰用量增加可促进剑麻的生长

Caudatum was studied. 0.05 mg/L could be the critical mass concn. of P. caudatum fitting to Cu(superscript 2+).Below this concn., the polysaccharide content in P. caudatum was increased in a small range with the increment of mass concn. of Cu(superscript 2+),then the growth and propagation of P. caudatum was strengthened and above this concn., the polysaccharide content was decreased significantly with the increment of mass concn. of Cu(superscript 2+), then the growth and propagation of P. caudatum began to be restrained obviously and the poison was more obvious when the concn.

结果］0.05 mg/L可能是大草履虫适应Cu(上标 2+)的临界质量浓度，低于此浓度时，大草履虫体内的多糖含量随着Cu(上标 2+)质量浓度增大而呈现小幅度的增高，大草履虫的生长繁殖得到增强，高于此浓度时，大草履虫体内的多糖含量随着Cu(上标 2+)质量浓度增大而显著地降低，大草履虫生长繁殖开始明显受到抑制，且浓度越高受毒害越明显。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。