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Compared with the control, the lungs of 3-day-hyperxia-exposure group developed into edema, hemorrhage and inflammatory infiltration and this condition aggravated at the 7th day. The pulmonary septum was significantly widened at the 14th day, the interstitial fibrocytes as well as alveolar epithelial cells proliferated obviously, and the tendency of lung fibrosis was also presented. The results mentioned above showed that the modle of hyperoxia lung injury was successfully established, and the acute inflamationm was its early symptom while the fibrosis was its late manifistation. There was no positive cytes of IFN-γ in the lung of nomal rats, The positive cytes of the groups under hyperxia-exposure for 3, 7, 14 day, which climbed to the climax at the 7th day and began to decline from the 14th day, were found in alveolus epithlia,pulmonary interstitial, bronchoepithlia and macrophage.

高氧14天（5.46±0.30）虽有所下降，但同空气组比，差异仍然具有显著性（P.05）；BALF中蛋白含量高氧3天（0.45±0.10）、7天（0.66±0.08）、14天（0.79±0.14）显著高于空气组（0.18±0.08，P值均。05）；肺通透系数高氧3天（6.61±2.05）、7天（10.88±1.54）、14天（12.75±2.20）均明显高于空气组（2.99±1.27，P值均。05）；同时病理组织学改变也表明与空气组比较，高氧3天时肺组织水肿、出血、炎性细胞浸润，7天时进一步加重，14天时肺间隔明显增宽，间质纤维细胞和肺泡上皮细胞明显增生，出现肺纤维化倾向；以上结果均表明我们成功地建立了高氧肺损伤动物模型，且急性炎症反应是其早期表现，纤维化改变是其晚期表现。

Results All of the tumor was exsected successfully, the average inosculating time was 28 min and average total operation time was 132 min. The postoperative complications was few and no anastomotic stoma fistula, anastomotic stoma narrow, stomal ulcer or chest gastric emptying block was occurred. The average length of stay after operation was 9.7 days.

结果 肿瘤均顺利切除，平均管状胃吻合成形时间28min，平均总手术时间132 min；术后并发症少，无吻合口屡或狭窄、吻合口溃疡、反流性食管炎及胸胃排空障碍发生；术后平均住院时间9.7d。

The test results of acute toxicity were examined with Pearson's degree of fitting. The results indicated that the silkworm was extremely sensitive to Chlorantraniliprole. The median lethal concentration (LC50) was 4.0905×10^(-3) mg/L and median lethal dose (LD50) was 1.1435×10^(-8) mg/larva for the 3rd instar newly exuviated larvae. No toxicity was observed when normal concentrations of Chlorantraniliprole were used to fumigate the silkworm rearing room. Both irrigation and leaf spraying with 1.25×10^(-4) mg/L Chlorantraniliprole solution showed strong systemic transmission properties in root, leaf and whole plant. The residual toxic period of this insecticide to silkworm was very long. Mulberry leaves sprayed with 1.25×10^(-4) mg/L Chlorantraniliprole solution could still cause 100% mortality of the 3 and 5 instar larvae after 60 d. Furthermore, toxic reaction was very quick. The poisoning symptoms emerged within 1~5 h after feeding on the poisonous leaves. The poisoned larvae experienced such symptoms as stopping ingestion, remaining still, vomiting slightly and body atrophy sequentially, and died ultimately.

食下毒力试验结果经Pearson拟合度检验表明，氯虫苯甲酰胺对3龄起蚕的食下致死中浓度(LC50)为4.0905×10^(-3)mg/L，致死中量(LD50)为1.1435×10^(-8)mg/头；药剂在常规浓度下对家蚕无熏蒸毒性；1.25×10^(-4)mg/L稀释药液对桑树根灌和喷叶处理，表现极强的根部、叶部和全株性内吸传导特性；药液对家蚕的残毒期很长，1.25×10^(-4)mg/L稀释药液田间喷雾桑叶，间隔60 d后采叶饲喂3龄和5龄蚕的死亡率均为100%，且中毒反应极快，添食毒叶后1~5 h出现中毒症状，经停止食桑、静伏、少量吐液、蚕体萎缩等过程后陆续死亡。

The herbicides in the sample was extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract was decanted into a flask through a filter paper, then the filtered solution was concentrated to dry. The dry sample was dissolved and added to 5 mL with acetone-n-hexane (30:70, V/V). It was cleaned up by Florisil, concentrated again. The sample was dissolved and adjusted to 1mL with acetone.

匀浆后的草莓试样用乙酸乙酯进行提取，提取液经滤纸过滤后收集，再浓缩蒸干，用丙酮：正己烷(30：70， V/V)溶液溶解至5ml，经Florisil固相萃取柱净化，吹干后用丙酮定容，供气相色谱－质谱联用仪进行测定。

Its rule of change was obtained. On the basis of other studies, the flocculation kinetics and flocs structure was studied. By making some assumptions, collision frequency were presented. Then the the flocculation kinetics model was established through population balance equation. Comparison of experimental data and modeling results indicate that there are the same trend between the two. So the model can predict flocs number and size during flocculation of Yellow River's loess particles without using empirical parameters. The TEM and SEM were used to obsever flocs in the study of floc structure. The flocculation was divided as flocculi, floc and floc aggregate. The flocs structure model was established by assumption that particles position in floc accords with tetrahedron. The fractal dimension of model and experimental flocs was found to be coincident. So the model can reflect the structure of flocs formed in flocculation of Yellow River's loess particles by macromolecule flocculant at a certain extent.

最后，本文还对絮凝动力学和絮体结构进行了研究，在前人研究的基础上，针对高分子絮凝黄河泥沙，对絮凝过程作了一些符合试验条件的假设，建立了颗粒碰撞频率表达式，应用了颗粒数量平衡方程，从而建立了絮凝过程的动力学生长模型，模型计算结果与试验数据对比表明，二者趋势一致，在没有使用经验参数的情况下基本上能够描述黄河泥沙絮凝过程中絮体数量和尺寸分布的变化过程；对絮体结构的研究中，应用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对絮体进行了观察，将絮体分为絮粒、絮团和絮网三个不同的生长阶段，通过假设颗粒结合位置符合正四面体，建立了絮体结构模型，计算得到的模型絮体分形维数基本与试验中的实际絮体相符，在一定程度上能眵反映高分子絮凝黄河泥沙生成的絮体结构。

Its rule of change was obtained.On the basis of other studies,the flocculation kinetics and floes structure was studied. By making some assumptions, collision frequency were presented.Then the the flocculation kinetics model was established through population balance equation. Comparison of experimental data and modeling results indicate that there are the same trend between the two. So the model can predict floes number and size during flocculation of Yellow River's loess particles without using empirical parameters.The TEM and SEM were used to obsever floes in the study of floe structure.The flocculation was divided as flocculi,floc and floe aggregate.The floes structure model was established by assumption that particles position in floe accords with tetrahedron.The fractal dimension of model and experimental floes was found to be coincidentSo the model can reflect the structure of flocs formed in flocculation of Yellow River's loess particles by macromolecule flocculant at a certain extent

最后，本文还对絮凝动力学和絮体结构进行了研究，在前人研究的基础上，针对高分子絮凝黄河泥沙，对絮凝过程作了一些符合试验条件的假设，建立了颗粒碰撞频率表达式，应用了颗粒数量平衡方程，从而建立了絮凝过程的动力学生长模型，模型计算结果与试验数据对比表明，二者趋势一致，在没有使用经验参数的情况下基本上能够描述黄河泥沙絮凝过程中絮体数量和尺寸分布的变化过程；对絮体结构的研究中，应用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对絮体进行了观察，将絮体分为絮粒、絮团和絮网三个不同的生长阶段，通过假设颗粒结合位置符西安建筑科技大学博士学位论文合正四面体，建立了絮体结构模型，计算得到的模型絮体分形维数基本与试验中的实际絮体相符，在一定程度上能够反映高分子絮凝黄河泥沙生成的絮体结构。

The protease activity in foregut was higher than that of midgut in an acidic condition at pH 5.0-5.8, while in an alkalescence condition at pH 7.0-8.6, the protease activity was higher in midgut than that in foregut. The lipase activity of foregut was high and stable in two pH ranges: 4.2-5.0 and 6.2-7.0, and that of midgut was high at pH 3.8, while the lipase lost enzyme activity at pH over 9.0. The amylase activity was high and stable at pH 6.6-7.4 in both foregut and midgut. The cellulase activity of foregut and midgut was high and stable at pH 6.2-7.4 and 5.4-7.0 respectively.

刺参前肠蛋白酶活力在酸性环境下较中肠高，且在反应pH为5.0-5.8之间酶活力相对稳定，而中肠蛋白酶活力在碱性环境下较前肠高，且在反应pH为7.0-8.6之间酶活力相对稳定；刺参前肠脂肪酶活力随着pH的升高出现两个相对稳定的峰值，分别为4.2-5.0和6.2-7.0区间，中肠脂肪酶活力在pH为3.8时达到最大值，而在pH超过9.0明显失活；刺参前肠和中肠淀粉酶活力在pH变化时表现出相似的变化趋势，在反应pH为6.6-7.4之间酶活力较高且相对稳定；刺参前肠和中肠中纤维素酶活力在pH变化时反应不一致，前肠淀粉酶在反应pH为6.2-7.4之间酶活力较高且相对稳定，中肠纤维素酶活力在反应pH为5.4-7.0之间酶活力较高且相对稳定。

The effect of the tool composition on the friction and wear behavior was investigated,and the morphologies of the rake face and rear face of the tool cutting the steel in air and nitrogen were observed on a scanning electron microscope. It was found that the Al_2O_3/TiB_2 tool was dominated by adhesive and abrasive wear in low speed dry cutting; while in high speed dry cutting,the tool was characterized by oxidation wear. An oxide layer of TiO_2 was formed by way of the oxidation of the reinforcing agent TiB_2 at a very much high cutting temperature, which contributed to greatly reducing the friction coefficient and increasing the antiwear life of the tool.Such a friction-reducing and antiwear behavior of the oxide layer was enhanced with increasing content of TiB_2 in the tool composite. However,the tool showed a relatively poorer wear resistance in N_2 than in air, because N_2 acted to retard the oxidation of the TiB_2 and the formation of the oxide layer on the tool rake face.

结果表明：低速干切削时，Al2O3/TiB2陶瓷刀具的磨损机制主要表现为粘着磨损和磨料磨损；而在高速干切削时，刀具的磨损机制主要表现为氧化磨损，刀具表面经由氧化反应生成具有润滑作用的反应膜而起到固体润滑作用，从而使刀具的耐磨性能提高，随着TiB2含量和切削速度的增加，反应膜的减摩抗磨作用增强；而在切削区通入氮气时，由于刀具表面氧化膜形成受阻，刀具的抗磨能力有所降低。

On our test run, the car was agile, the linear performance of both supercharged and turbocharged was perfect for daily and sporty motoring. We discovered that from 3000 to 4000 revs, the engine was more powerful in particular on the "Sport" mode. The boost meter gave clear indication of power being built up and it was handy to notice. The lever gear control on the steering was very good in straight line. We noticed that the gear shifter was much more convenient to use in all circumstances.

在我们的试车过程中，GT是十分敏捷及享有一个线性的表现，双加压部件合作无缝，这种表现是十分适合日常及运动性的表现，我们发现GT於3千至4千转数时它的彭拜动力是同类型车种中罕有的，特别是在&Sport&模式当中，压力表中显示出动力的积蓄亦可以清楚易见，於方向盘背后的两旁的方便传档板，於大直路时使用十分方便，可以更敏捷转波。

In other words,163 sites in crested ibis genome were detected.The bands from 23 primers showed polymorphism.Minimurn of polymorphic ratio was 0,maximum was 85.71%,and average was 48.99%.In the population which was composed by 37 individuals, most of genetic distances between two arbitrary individuals were less than 0.1.The results showed that the degree of similarity among crested ibises was high while genetic diversity in thepopulation was low accordingly.

我们在对Operon公司OPG系列和OPA系列引物进行优化筛选的基础上，用24条随机引物共扩增出163条谱带，即检测了朱鹮基因组中的163个位点，其中23条引物的扩增结果具有多态性；谱带的多态比率最小为0，最大为85.71％，平均为48.99％；在由37只朱鹮组成的种群中，任意两个个体之间的遗传距离绝大多数在0.1以下。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。