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When the actuated joint was rotary actuation, kinematic Jacobian matrix of the manipulator was a diagonal matrix. So it was an uncoupled mechanism. As the actuated joint was linear one, Jacobian matrix of the manipulator was an identity 3×3 matrix and its determinant was equal to one. Manipulator, therefore, was singularity-free fully-isotropic throughout the entire workspace.

当以转动输入为主驱动时，运动雅可比矩阵为3×3阶对角阵，故机构为无耦合并联机构；当以移动为主驱动时，雅可比矩阵为3×3阶单位阵，且其行列式的值为1，所以在整个工作空间内机构表现为无奇异完全各向同性。

From May 4th Movement of 1919 to the 1920s, sex love narrations in Chinese novels were rather an enlightenment and liberation in that particular era with four characteristics. Firstly, sexual desire was endowed with rationality with regard to liberation of human nature and mutual love. Secondly, with an epochal concern for a stronger and superior race, greater attention was paid to sexual parties concerned, mainly physically. Thirdly, new ethics on sex were promoted in that personal freedom on sex love was emphasized and sex love became an important way of self-fulfillment. Therefore, independence of sex love was advocated and the scope of sex love was also widened. Fourthly, the sex consciousness of this period had the mixed features of the past and the contemporary. Sex love narrations in the 1930s and 1940s showed a further exploration on the theme of human nature. First of all, sex was restored to a kind of desire. ShenCongwen probed the importance of harmonious sex love to a sound personality and Shi Zhecunrevealed that sexual inhibition could lead to the distortion, even frenzy of human nature. Bothexplored the influence and functions of sexual desire as human nature upon human personality,giving prominence to the irresistibleness of sexual desire and the significance of sexual desire asa motive. Then, human bodies driven by sexual desire were described and given greater attentionto. Next, ethics on sex were deconstructed either by Shen Congwen who opposed man-madeethics with law of nature and the School of New Sensation who replaced traditional ethics on sexwith exchange rules in consumption, or by Shi Zhecun who spared no efforts in representing thecomplete failure of social rules, including ethics on sex, due to the impact from sexual desire.The direct effect was a paleness of the ethical binding force on sex. Last, sex consciousness inthe works of female writers emerged. In the early works of Ding Ling, the sexual desire of thefemale is no longer a ramification of emotion but an independent one. In addition, in the sex lovenarrations of other female writers, such as Mei Niang, strong self-consciousness on the socialstatus of the female is also reflected. Sex love narrations in the late 1970s and early 1980s wereactually a re-enlightenment in the spirit of humanism, whose major features include humanisticlegitimation of sex love within the boundary of ethics, a blend of sex love narrations withnational concepts and national myths as well as the aesthetic, poetic descriptions of humanbodies etc. In the middle and late 1980s, sex love narrations entered a stage of exploration forpluralism. First, by restoration of sexual desire, writers of this era restored human nature, thevery original state of human being. Different emphasis and tendencies could be seen in differentwriters: looking at sex love dialectically and trying to describe its creative as well as destructivecharacteristics; connecting sex love with violence and trying to reveal the evil side of humannature through it; emphasizing the creativeness of sex love especially in the heritage of"wildness".

从"五四"到20世纪20年代，中国小说的性爱叙事是一种处在时代夹缝中的启蒙和解放，其所表现出来的特点，一是正面赋予性欲望以合理性，这种合理性是在人性解放和爱情前提下获得的；二是在强种育种的时代焦虑影响下小说性爱叙事表现出对物质身体的关注，其焦点主要在体格方面；三是树立起新的性伦理道德观念，表现为强调在性爱问题上的个人选择自由，性爱成为个人自我实现的重要方式，从而赋予人在性爱问题上的独立性，同时还扩大了性爱表现的领域；四，这个时期小说性爱叙事中所表现出的性意识还具有新旧杂糅的特点。30、40年代小说性爱叙事表现出对人性主题的深化与丌拓，首先是把性还原为欲望本身来探索，沈从文从和谐性爱对健全人性的决定作用、施蛰存从性压抑会导致人性扭曲甚至疯狂的角度探讨作为人类本质性欲望的性对人性产生的影响和作用，突出了性欲力量的不可抗拒和作为人类行为的重要动力等方面的内容；其次在叙事中表现出对欲望化了的身体的描绘与关注；第三是解构了性的伦理道德，无论是沈从文以自然法则来反对人为的道德设置还是新感觉派用消费交换原则替代传统性伦理道德，或是施蛰存极力表现包括性伦理规范在内的社会法则在性欲力量冲击下溃不成军，其直接的效果都是使性伦理道德对人的约束力量显得苍白虚弱；第四，出现了由女性作家表现的女性性意识，在丁玲的早期作品中女性的性欲望不再是作为感情的衍生物而是独立的欲望存在，而在梅娘等其他女作家的小说性爱叙事中则表现出对女性社会地位的强烈自觉意识。70年代末80年代初期小说的性爱叙事实际上是在人道主义语境下的再次启蒙，其主要特征一是性爱在人道主义前提下获得合法性，但要求性爱不超出伦理规定的范围；再就是将性爱叙事同国家观念和民族神话相融合；此外还有对身体的描写审美化诗意化等。80年代中后期，小说性爱叙事进入了多元化探索的阶段，作家通过还原性欲望来还原人性、还原人类的本真状态，不同作家笔下表现为不同的侧重和倾向——以辨证的方式看待性爱，写出其具有的创造性力量和毁灭性特征；将性爱与暴力相联系并通过其来表现人性的黑暗；强调性爱的创造性作用，尤其在民族"血性"的传承方面。

The reference crop evapotranspiration(ET0) in Guanzhong region was calculated with the Penman-Monteith equation. The change characteristics of meteorological factors and ET0 over year were analyzed. The regressing relation between ET0 and geography factors was established. Space distribution of ET0 based digital elevation model was obtained. The water consumption model of main cropes was established using the crop cofficient method. The irrigation water requirement of main crop and it's space distribution based DEM under the different precipitation probability was obtained, which advanced the calculation precision of ET0 from spot scal to regional scal. The concept of water consumption under the irrigational scal was proposed. The water consumption model of different water user and model of groundwater balance based on the water consumption of Baojixia irrigation district was established. Which can refects the relation between water utilization, water consumption and change amount of groundwater resouces.

深入分析了关中地区气象要素的变化趋势，用Penman-Montainth 公式计算了参考作物蒸发蒸腾量（ET0），建立了ET0与地理要素的多元回归关系，获得了基于数字高程模型DEM的关中地区ET0的空间分布图；用作物系数法建立了关中主要作物生育期耗水模型，获得了主要作物在不同降雨条件下的灌溉需水，以及基于DEM的主要作物灌溉需水空间分布图，提高了作物蒸发蒸腾量由点到面尺度转换过程中的估算精度；界定了灌区尺度的耗水量的概念，包括用水耗水和非用水耗水，建立了灌区耗水量计算模型及基于耗水量变化的浅层地下水均衡模型，能较好地反映灌区引水量、耗水量及地下水蓄变量之间的内在关系。

Result］the operation time was 1～3 h,the operative bleeding quantity were 150～400 ml,all incisions were obtained primary healing.twelve cases were followed up from 6 months to 8 years.the average extremity functional score according to the system of isols（international society of limb salvage）:upper extremity was 22.3 and the lower was 25.3 the average bone healing time of returned deactivation bone graft and bone allograft healing with the osteotomy plane was 3 months,original tumor recurrence in local was 1,the recurrence rate was 7.69%,no malignant change and metabasis was found.

结果］手术时间1～3 h，术中出血量150～400 ml，术后切口一期愈合。12例患者获6个月～8年随访。按isols评分标准评价肢体功能恢复情况：上肢平均22.3分，下肢平均25.3分。灭活回植骨、异体骨与截骨端平均3个月愈合，局部复发1例，复发率7.69%。无恶性变及全身转移。

In the temperature sensing, the theory of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensing has first been proposed, the characteristic of the FBG temperature sensing was analyzed, it was deduced that the sensitivity coefficients of first-order and second-order ,and experimental findings was protracted, the gained polynomial better inosculate with the theory value. The experiment was processed in the low temperature , the thermo-optic coefficient was emended in the polynomial of the normal temperature ,the result was accorded with the sensing character of the normal and low temperature ,and it was resolved that the theory account of the normal and low temperature did not accord with the experiment.

在温度传感方面，主要从光纤布拉格光栅的温度传感模式出发，对光纤布拉格光栅的温度传感特性进行了分析，推导出了光纤光栅的一阶与二阶温度灵敏度系数，并对实验数据进行了拟和，所得多项式和理论值吻合的很好，并对低温传感进行了实验，将在常温下得出的多项式进行了热光系数的修正，所得的结果同时符合常温与低温的传感特性，解决了低温与常温情况下的理论计算与实验的不一致性。

The Shah Dynasty found then lasted until now. Nepal was invaded by Britain in 1814 and forced to cede a vast expanse of territory to India which was controled by Britain at that time. Its diplomacy was supervised by Britain as well. During the period from 1846 to 1950 Nepal was controled by Rana Family . The fight aganist it intrigued by Nepali Congress brought the dormination of Rana Family to an end, and constitutional monarchy was put into practice. In February of 1959 ,Mahemdra Bir Bikram Shah Dev issued the first constitution of Nepal, the New Constitution was issued in 1962. Birendra , Bir Bikram Shah Dev ascended throne in1972, he dismissed the National Panchayat in the April 16, 1990,and he also issued the third constitution in Nov ember of the same year. Then the multi-party of constitutional monarchy was set up.

建立了沙阿王朝，延续至今。1814年英国入侵，尼泊尔被迫割让大片领土给英属印度，外交受英监督。1846年―1950年为拉纳家族统治时期。1950年11月，尼泊尔大会党等发起反拉纳的斗争，结束了拉纳的统治，并实行君主立宪制。1959年2月马亨德拉颁布尼泊尔第一部宪法。1962年颁布新宪法。1972年比兰德拉国王即位。1990年4月16日，比兰德拉国王解散全国评议会，同年11月颁布第三部宪法，实行君主立宪的多党制。

The statistical difference of proinsulin rather than HOMA index was found among the patients of various Gensini's score group (Gensini's score was examined as a categorical variable classified by tertile values) and significantly stenosed vessels group by means of the results of analysis of covariate variance after adjusting for age, sex and body mass index (p＜0.05), and the partial correlation coefficient between proinsulin level and Gensini's score, the number of significantly stenosed vessels after adjusting for age, sex and body mass index was 0.3156 (P＜0.01) and 0.2752 (P＜0.05) respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that the level of proinsulin was positively correlated with the Gensini's score (P＜0.01). The results of multivariate stepwise Logistic indicated that the proinsulin was the independent risk factor for the coronary heart disease, and the odds ratio (95％ confidence interval) was 2.268 (1.253～4.105)(P=0.007), however, the HOMA was refused by the final model.

年龄、性别与体重指数为控制变量的协方差分析结果显示，胰岛素原的水平在不同的Gensini评分组、冠状动脉病变血管数分组中分布有统计学差异(P＜0.05)，偏相关分析示胰岛素原的含量与Gensini评分与病变血管数显著正相关，其偏相关系数分别为0.3156(P＜0.01)与0.2752(P＜0.05)，而HOMA指数与两种评分的相关未有统计学意义；多因素线性逐步回归分析结果示胰岛素原水平与Gensini评分独立正相关(P＜0.01)；多因素Logistic回归分析显示，胰岛素原的水平为冠心病的独立的危险因素，其OR值及其95％可信区间为2.268(1.253～4.105)(P＜0.01)，HOMA指数未进入模型。

Yet such was the Fright I had taken at the Moors, and the dreadful Apprehensions I had of falling into their Hands, that I would not stop, or go on Shoar, or come to an Anchor; the Wind continuing fair,'till I had sail'd in that manner five Days: And then the Wind shifting to the southward, I concluded also that if any of our Vessels were in Chase of me, they also would now give over; so I ventur'd to make to the Coast, and came to an Anchor in the Mouth of a little River, I knew not what, or where; neither what Latitude, what Country, what Nations, or what River: I neither saw, or desir'd to see any People, the principal thing I wanted was fresh Water: We came into this Creek in the Evening, resolving to swim on shoar as soon as it was dark, and discover the Country; but as soon as it was quite dark, we heard such dreadful Noises of the Barking, Roaring, and Howling of Wild Creatures, of we knew not what Kinds, that the poor Boy was ready to die with Fear, and beg'd of me not to go on shoar till Day; well Xury said I, then I won't, but it may be we may see Men by Day, who will be as bad to us as those Lyons; then me give them the shoot Gun says Xury laughing, make them run wey; such English Xury spoke by conversing among us Slaves; however I was glad to see the Boy so cheerful, and I gave him a Dram (out of our Patroon's Case of Bottles) to chear him up: After all, Xury's Advice was good, and I took it, we dropt our little Anchor and lay still all Night; I say still, for we slept none!

但是，我已被摩尔人吓破了胆，生怕再落到他们的手里；同时风势又顺，于是也不靠岸，也不下锚，一口气竟走了五天。这时风势渐渐转为南风，我估计即使他们派船来追我。这时也该罢休了。于是我就大胆驶向海岸，在一条小河的河口下了锚。我不知道这儿是什么地方，在什么纬度，什么国家，什么民族，什么河流。四周看不到一个人，我也不希望看到任何人。我现在所需要的只是淡水。我们在傍晚驶进了小河口，决定一等天黑就游到岸上去，摸一下岸上的情况。但一到天黑，我们就听到各种野兽狂吠咆哮，怒吼呼啸，不知道那是些什么野兽，真是可怕极了！这可把那可怜的孩子吓得魂飞魄散，哀求我等天亮后再上岸。我说，"好吧，佐立，我不去就是了。不过，说不定白天会碰见人。他们对我们也许像狮子一样凶呢！"佐立笑着说，"那我们就开枪把他们打跑！"佐立在我们奴隶中能用英语交谈，虽然发音不太地道。见到佐立这样高兴，我心里也很快乐。于是我从主人的酒箱里拿出酒瓶，倒了一点酒给他喝，让他壮壮胆子。不管怎么说，佐立的提议是有道理的，我接受了他的意见。于是，我们就下了锚，静静地在船上躺了一整夜。我是说，只是"静静地躺着"，我们事实上整夜都没合过眼。

The influence of different assembled condition such as assembly method, concentration of zirconium source and pH value on the effectiveness of assembly were evaluated via DSC-TG, FT-IR, Uv-vis and SAXRD et al. It showed that the assembly effectivness of uncalcined 3 Si/Zr_10# sample was best.c The optical characteristic, which including light-conduction in infrared band and polarity in visible band, of dip-coating film and membrane assembled zirconia after processing parameters of assembly optimized were observed via FT-IR and Uv-vis. The polarity was characterized by polarizing angle through calculation from light-transmittance, light-reflectance and fresnel coefficient. qualitative analysis showed that the polarity of Si/Zr_10 # dip-coating film assembled was best.d Adopting zirconium oxychloride as zirconium source, CTAB as template, employing different CTAB adding sequence, two mesoporous zirconia samples were prepared. The template effect of two samples was discussed. It showed that the effect of the sample which CTAB adding sequence was same as mesoporous silica film was better. The light-conduction in infrared band of these samples was also studied, which offered comparison to the polarity of zirconium dioxide assembled within mesopore.

结果显示：组装条件优化后的uncalcined 3 Si/Zr_10#厚膜样组装效果最好，其组装液对应的pH值最利于该锆源离子模板交换组装； c选用FT-IR、Uv-vis对组装条件优化后纳米氧化锆/介孔氧化硅厚膜、纳米氧化锆/介孔氧化硅薄膜包括红外导光性、可见光区内的偏光性在内的光学特性进行了分析，其中偏光性以膜层透光性、反光性及菲涅耳系数计算出的偏振角即布儒斯特角表征，定性分析显示，Si/Zr_10#ZrO_2/介孔氧化硅厚膜偏光性最好； d以氧氯化锆ZrOCl_2·8H_2O为锆源，CTAB为模板剂，采用不同的模板剂加入顺序，探索性地制备两介孔氧化锆样，分析了两介孔氧化锆样的模板效果，得出模板剂加入顺序同介孔氧化硅薄膜时介孔氧化锆样的模板效果较好，并分析了所得样品的导光性，为锆氧粒子引起的附加光学特性分析提供了参考和对比。

In the palliative treatment of gastric adenocarcinoma, it was 2.50; in endoscopic hemostasis, it was 1.23; in the treatment of colorectal polypi, it was 1.15, in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal polypi, it was 1.03, in the management of self-expand stent overgrowth or tumor stenosis, it was 1.17; in the ablation of Barrett's esophagus, it was 1.13; in the ablation of gastric dysplasia, gastritis verrucosa, gastric xanthelasma and gastric or duodenal liparomphalus, only 1 session was needed.

其中胃癌的姑息治疗，平均需要接受2.50次；用于止血治疗，需要1.23次；治疗结肠直肠息肉，需要1.15次；治疗上消化系息肉，需要1.03次；治疗食管支架置入后再狭窄，需1.17次；用于Barrett食管的消融治疗，需1.13次；治疗胃不典型增生、疣状胃炎、胃黄色瘤及胃和十二指肠脂肪瘤，均仅需1次治疗。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。