查询词典 voluntary jurisdiction

Firstly, this part introduces (Agreement on Safeguards confining voluntary restraints, and mendings clarifying articlel9 in GAJT1947; then elaborates the defects existing in this agreement, such as: unforeseen developmentSN adjusting industi^ the non-governmental measures adopted or maintained by public and private enterprises etc, provide the room for voluntary restraints to exist; finally, points out the aspects should be mended and strengthened in this agreement in order to confine voluntary restraints better.The forth part is the relation between China safeguard clause and voluntary restraints. Firstly, this part introduces the present situation about China safeguard clause, there being no clause concerning voluntary restraints, then analyzes the reality of voluntary restraints existing in China from international and domestic aspects, pointing out there is necessity to confine it; finally, puts forward some suggestions for China safeguard clause to regulate voluntary restraints.

首先，就GATT 1947第19条关于援用保障措施的实体和程序方面的要件进行介绍，作为下面分析的背景；其次，在前面介绍的基础上，对该条款的缺陷，诸如：缺乏对援用保障措施关键要素的明确具体界定、没有限定保障措施的形式以及补偿与报复等方面进行分析，阐释了由于这些缺陷的存在，使各成员方对该条款进行任意曲解甚至规避，导致自愿设限游离于GATT规则之外，成

On this basis, the dissertation looks back into jurisdiction foundation with a view of historical development. By a comparison between American and European jurisdiction models, the dissertation believes the jurisdiction foundation develops from traditional territorial system to contacts theory. It is the continuous sublation of jurisdiction rule in order to suit social development, and the way out for the problem of the jurisdiction of electronic commerce's cases.

在此基础上，文章对管辖权基础从历史发展的角度全面反思，并通过对美国管辖权模式和欧洲管辖权模式的比较，认为管辖权基础从传统的领域体制向"联系说"的发展，是管辖权规则为适应社会发展的不断扬弃，也是解决电子商务案件管辖权问题的出路所在。

This part makes it clear that the model of complementarity jurisdiction can best fit the purpose and current condition of the International Criminal Court through the comparison of compulsory jurisdiction, paralleled jurisdiction, criminal lawsuit abalienation jurisdiction as well as the complementarity jurisdiction model.

第三部分则讨论了国际刑事法院管辖权的内容，即属时管辖权，属地管辖权，属人管辖权与属物管辖权四个方面的内容及其具体内涵，指出在。。。

In China, the dispute of civil jurisdiction is resolved by the administerial method,which brings on the nonentity of parties' right on the objection of civil jurisdiction, the extension of the main body who can object the civil jurisdiction is too limited,and the difficulty of the objection of level jurisdiction.

在我国民事诉讼立法和实践中，对管辖权异议的解决奉行的是行政化处理的模式，因此导致当事人管辖权异议权利虚无、管辖权异议主体范围过于狭窄和级别管辖异议困难等弊端。

When two people's courts between which there is a jurisdictional dispute can not reach unanimity upon negotiations and report the dispute to their common superior people's court to designate the jurisdiction according to Article 37 (2) of the Civil Procedure Law, if both courts are grassroots people' s courts in a same districted city or municipal district, the intermediate people 's court of that districted city or municipal district shall timely designate the jurisdiction, if both courts are the people's courts in a same province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government, the higher people's court of that province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government shall timely designate the jurisdiction, if both courts are the people's courts in two provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government and the higher people's courts can not reach unanimity upon negotiations, the Supreme People's Court shall timely designate the jurisdiction.

依照民事诉讼法第三十七条第二款规定，发生管辖权争议的两个人民法院因协商不成报请它们的共同上级人民法院指定管辖时，如双方为同属一个地、市辖区的基层人民法院，由该地、市的中级人民法院及时指定管辖；同属一个省、自治区、直辖市的两个人民法院，由该省、自治区、直辖市的高级人民法院及时指定管辖；如双方为跨省、自治区、直辖市的人民法院，高级人民法院协商不成的，由最高人民法院及时指定管辖。

This thesis examines the antecedents of the voluntary behavior of retired teachers in the context of an integrated behavioral model that incorporates a wide variety of important factors from previous researches on volunteer behavior into a single theoretical framework provided by the Theory of Planned Behavior. The model was tested using data from a sample of 219 individual respondents by Structural Equation Model. Moreover, four voluntary teachers and six school administrators were interviewed to thoroughly explore factors affecting the success of the "Voluntary Teaching Program" in Taipei County.

本研究系以Ajzen (1985)的计画行为理论为架构基础，以增进和维持退休教师参与学校志工的意愿为主题，整合高龄志工参与动机和相关研究，建构一个对於退休教师参与学校志工行为意向具有预测及解释力的「学校志工参与行为意向模式」；同时并透过与几所国中小行政人员和退休教师的深度访谈，从多元角度了解影响退休教师参与学校志工的原因，藉以改善这些影响因素，提高退休教师回来学校服务的意愿。

Beginning from the historical evolution, this thesis probes into the essence and value of voluntary surrender system , with a focus on its forming conditions and judicial practice, including the common voluntary surrender and quasi-voluntary surrender, as well as suggestions on the system from the author.

作者从自首的历史沿革入手，探讨了自首的本质与自首制度的价值所在，着重论析了自首成立的条件和司法认定，包括一般自首成立的条件和准自首成立的条件，并对完善我国的自首制度提出建言。

So it has become maritime claimer"s general means to find proper court, namely forum shipping. However, it is also used as a way to evade laws. Through discussion on the relationship betweenarresting of ship and jurisdiction, paper makes it sure that jurisdiction right isn"t the proposition of arresting of ship, and vise verse, arresting of ship doesnt cause the jurisdiction rights.

文章通过分析扣船与管辖权之间的关系明确了扣船无需以有管辖权为前提也并非当然地取得管辖权，并且文章还以不小的篇幅论述了不方便法院原则，应用该原则有利于节约诉讼成本，限制各国竞相扩大管辖权，有利于与案件有最密切联系地的法院取得管辖权。

Looking over the manifold jurisdiction of ICC, under the provision of ICC Statute, the ICC jurisdiction is hesitating among the nature of complementariness, universality and compulsion and shows different points and levels of jurisdiction when it is operated.

透视国际刑事法院管辖权内容上的多维性特征可见，《罗马规约》规定的国际刑事法院管辖权游弋于补充性和普遍性与强制性之间，体现了适用上的多角度、多层次和多维空间。

Civil Trial Chamber I: civil cases in own jurisdiction (except by the jurisdiction of the Jing people's Court and the Punan people's Courts) related to real estate, labor disputes, compensation for road traffic accident damages, reputation infringement and so on; Civil Trial Chamber II: economic dispute cases in own jurisdiction, related Sales contracts, Contracts contracts, Loan contracts, property leasing, bankruptcy, bills and other disputes; Civil Trial Chamber III: civil contracts and tort disputes, related marriage and family, inheritance, personal rights, special tort, labor dispute, labor contracts, service contracts, and others, and cases which is applied of the special procedures of heard.

民事审判第一庭：审理本辖区内（除由泗泾人民法庭、浦南人民法庭管辖区域外）房地产类、劳动争议、道路交通事故损害赔偿、名誉侵权等民事案件；民事审判第二庭：审理本辖区内各类经济纠纷案件，主要包括：买卖合同、承揽合同、借贷合同、财产租赁、破产、票据纠纷等；民事审判第三庭：审理的案件类型包括婚姻家庭、继承、人身权、特殊侵权、劳动争议、劳务合同、服务合同等民事合同和侵权纠纷，以及适用特别程序审理的案件。

In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed on the ocean.

在使用帆船的时代，船员们担心他们会因为无风而无法在海洋上航行。

As long as foreign donors pay the PA's salary bill, few expect a new intifada.

只要外国继续为巴权力机构的薪水买单，希望发动新暴动的人便寥寥无几。